Bentham & Hooker's Classification. along with the merits and demerits of the ...
Photosynthesis
1.
2. •Also known as autotrophs
•They often make their own food by using sunlight,
carbon dioxide, and water to form sugars which
they can use for energy.
•Some examples of autotrophs include plants, algae,
and even some bacteria.
3. •Chemotrophs are organisms that obtain
energy by the oxidation of electron
donors in their environment.
•Chemoautotrophs use inorganic energy
sources.
4. •Organisms that carry out photon capture to
acquire energy.
•They convert inorganic materials into
organic materials for use in cellular
functions such as biosynthesis and
respiration and provide nutrition for many
other forms of life.
5.
6. •Biological process by which green plants
convert light energy into chemical energy to
be stored in food molecules.
•The process by which autotrophs convert
sunlight to a usable form of energy.
7. •The process that uses light to make organic
compounds from inorganic water and carbon
dioxide.
•The process of capturing and converting
light energy to chemical energy in the form
of sugar in the presence of chlorophyll using
sunlight and water.
8. •This occurs in the chloroplasts specifically
the chlorophyll which is the green coloring
matter of the leaves.
•It literally means putting together in the
presence of light.
•It occurs in the leaves and rarely in the
stem.
12. • Stomata are cellular
pores on the surface of
plants. They open to allow
the uptake of carbon
dioxide and close to limit
water loss, and thus are
essential for plant growth
and homeostasis.
13. A type of plant
cell organelle
known as a
plastid. The
name
chloroplast
indicates that
these
structures are
chlorophyll-
containing
plastids.
16. • Light-dependent Reaction
• Light-independent Reaction
1.Capturing energy from the sun
2.Using energy to make ATP and NADPH
3.Using ATP and NADPH to produce
biomolecules from 𝑪𝑶𝟐
18. •Synthesis part of the photosynthesis
•Occurs in the chloroplast’s stroma
•Carbon dioxide is converted into sugar
•Needs ATP and NADPH but not light
19. A set of light
independent redox
reactions that
occur during
photosynthesis
and carbon
fixation to
convert carbon
dioxide into the
sugar glucose
20. • Dark reactions
• C3 cycle
• Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB)
cycle
• Reductive pentose phosphate
cycle
• Melvin Calvin, James Bassham,
and Andrew Benson (1905)
Editor's Notes
They can form their own food either by using sunlight and photosynthesis or by obtaining chemical energy through oxidation.
OXIDATION- The combination of a substance with oxygen.
OXIDATION- A reaction in which the atoms of an element lose electrons and the valence of the element is correspondingly increased.
INORGANIC- designating or composed of matter that is not animal or vegetable; not having the organized structure of living things
Lower and upper epidermis- covering or protection of other parts of the leaf
Vascular Bundles (VEINS)- the leaf transport system.
Mesophyll- ground tissue lying between the upper and lower epidermises that contains the chloroplasts where photosynthesis occurs
Stomata- holes in the lower epidermis where air is exchanged
90% of water loss in plants occurs through the stomata (evapotranspiration); 10% or less are for photosynthesis
Temperature is lower in the lower epidermis, preventing the clogging of stomata
10,000 stomata can be found for every square-cm area of the lower epidermis
Stomata are usually open at day and close at night
*Double-membraned organelle
*grana-thylakoid-chlorophyll molecules
*chlorophyll- responsible for absorbing light energy
*grana- site of light-dependent
*stroma- sight of light-independent
Carbon dioxide- source of carbon for making biomolecules
Light- carry energy needed for creating chemical bonds
REDOX Reaction (oxidation-reduction reactions)
Reduction- addition of hydrogen ion to the molecule (addition of electron)
Oxidation- loss of electron from an atom or ion
