Health 8 - Communicable Diseases

1. Communicable Disease
Definition. Causes. Symptoms.
Treatment or Prevention

2. Disease that is spread from one person to
another through a variety of ways that
include:
contact with blood and bodily fluids
breathing in an airborne virus
by being bitten by an insect

3. How do these communicable
diseases spread?
•physical contact with an infected person
•contact with a contaminated surface or
object, food, blood, or water
•bites from insects or animals capable of
transmitting the disease
•travel through the air

4. Dengue Fever
 A painful, debilitating
mosquito-borne disease
caused by any one of four
closely related dengue
viruses.
 Most cases occur in
tropical areas of the world

5. Dengue Fever
• The mosquito becomes
infected when it bites a
person with dengue virus
in their blood.
• It can’t be spread
directly from one person
to another person.

6. Mosquito Carrying Dengue
Aedes aegypti mosquito
Lives in urban habitats and
breeds mostly in man-made
containers.
A day-time feeder

7. Mosquito Carrying Dengue
Aedes albopictus
 A secondary dengue vector in Asia
 Highly adaptive and, therefore, can
survive in cooler temperate regions
of Europe

8. 6. Nausea
7. Vomiting
8. Skin rash
9. Mild bleeding
1. Sudden, high fever
2. Severe headaches
3. Pain behind the
eyes
4. Severe joint and
muscle pain
5. Fatigue

9. Treatment for Dengue Fever
• There is no specific medication for
treatment of a dengue infection.
• Should use analgesics with
acetaminophen and avoid those
containing aspirin
• Rest
• Drink plenty of fluids
• Consult a physician
• If it worsen in the first 24 hours after
the fever declines, immediately to
the hospital for evaluation

10. Immunization
Dengvaxia
 Late 2015 and early 2016
 First dengue vaccine
 Sanofi Pasteur
 Registered in several countries for
in individuals 9-45 years of age living
in endemic areas

11. Reducing Risk of Acquiring
Dengue

12. Reducing Risk of
Acquiring Dengue
 Using air conditioning or
window and door screens
 Proper application of
mosquito repellents
containing 20 to 30% DEET as
the active ingredient on
exposed skin and clothing

13. HOMEWORK
Find some updates about
Dengvaxia and its side
effects.

14. Bronchitis
 An inflammation of
the lining of your
bronchial tubes, which
carry air to and from
your lungs.
 It may be either be
acute or chronic.

15. Bronchitis
 Acute bronchitis usually improves within
a week to 10 days without lasting effects,
although the cough may linger for
 Chronic bronchitis is a constant irritation
or inflammation of the lining of the
bronchial tubes, often due to smoking.

16. Symptoms of Bronchitis
 Cough
 Production of mucus
(sputum)
 Fatigue
 Shortness of breath
 Slight fever and chills
 Chest discomfort

17. When to see a doctor
If your COUGH:
 Lasts more than three weeks
 Prevents you from sleeping
 Is accompanied by fever higher than 38 ̊C
 Produces discolored mucus
 Produces blood
 Is associated with wheezing or shortness of
breath

18. Causes
 Acute bronchitis is usually caused by viruses,
typically the same viruses that cause colds and
flu
 The most common cause of chronic bronchitis
is cigarette smoking.
 Air pollution and dust or toxic gases in the
environment or workplace also can contribute
to the condition.

19. Risk Factors
 Cigarette Smoke
 Low Resistance
 Exposure to irritants of job
 Gastric Reflux

20. Prevention
 Avoid cigarette smoke
 Get vaccinated
 Wash your hands
 Wear surgical mask