2. Map Layout
• To communicate its message effectively, your map
needs context: a title, a legend, a scale bar.
• Your layout can be designed for many types of
display: a paper printout, a computer monitor, or a
wall-sized poster.
• You should have some idea of how the map
composition will be displayed before you begin
designing the final layout, because that will influence
some of the choices you will make. For example, if
you are making a wall-sized map, you will need to
make your text very large so it can be read from far
away.
3.
4. No KETERANGAN
A Penggamabaran grid dapat berupa garis/strip yang menempel di bingkai isi peta dan boleh juga
dengan simbol tic mark atau tanda “ + “ ( pada prinsipnya tidak mengganggu informasi peta)
B Disarankan memakai Koordinat Geografi (lintang Bujur), jika mengunakan Koordinat Proyeksi
(misal grid UTM) sertakan juga Koordinat Geografinya
C Penomoran peta berseri, contoh : Peta 1 dari n, n = jumlah tema, jika beda tahun diberi tambahan
huruf, contoh :
17a. wilayah Urban dan Non-Urban Kota Surabaya Tahun 1982
17a. Wilatah Urban dan Non-Urban Kota Surabaya Tahun 1988
D Besar huruf disesuaikan dengan hirarki informasi dan tata cara penulisan dan nama geografi
mengikuti kaidah yang ada
E Pencantuman orientasi dan Skala peta
F Keterangan/Legenda : Disusun dengan hirarki informasi, urutan pertama sesuai dengan kata kunci
tema peta, tidak perlu ada judul tema lagi pada keterangan
G Simbol titik dan garis tidak perlu diberi angka
H Penulisan singkatan dan keterangan harus persis sama dengan yang ada di isi peta misal, G. pada
singkatan gunung
I Petunjuk Lembar peta : Wilayah relatif sekitar nya yang mudah dikenali atau setingkat lebih tinggi,
misal wilayah penelitian kecamatan maka petunjuk lembar peta adalah wilayah kabupaten
bersangkutan, dst
J Petunjuk lembar peta dilengkapi koordinat geografi dan skala
K Pecantuman sumber :
1.Sumber peta : instansi, skala dan tahun
2.Sumber data : instansi dan tahun
Ket : sumber peta berupa data rester maupun data vektor dan harus ada tahun, bila tidak tercantum pada judul peta,
sebutkan pada sumber data juka hasil pengelolahan data dicantumkan seperti di bawah ini sumber : Pengelolahan
dari…………..
L Pada setiap peta/tema, harus ada informasi orientasi, minimal orientasi yang paling dikenal. Dapat
berupa simbol titik maupun garis. Informasi tambahan di sekitar wilayah penelitian dengan batas-
bats administrasi dan juga batas geografis lainnya ( selat, teluk, danau dan lain-lain)
M Simbol batang atau lingkaran jika terpaksa boleh di dalam unit analisis tetapi bisa diletakan di
luarnya dengan menambahkan sebuah garis penghubung antara unit analisis dengan grafik
5. N Keterangan tiap data pada simbol batang atau lingkatan dengan harga majemuk ( dalam % )
disesuaikan dengan urutan data pada simbol atau sebaiknya
O Simbol batang atau lingkaran harus diberi petunjuk pembagian persentase tiap harga pada informasi
tepi
P Jika simbol batang atau lingkaran menggunakan luas/isi berbandingan maka pada peta biberi
petunjuk nilai luas/isi batang atau lingkaran
Q Tampilan simbol batang peta diberi petunjuk nama dan nilai data di informasi tepi atau di tampilkan
pada tiap simbol batang yang di gunakan
6. Design a great map layout
• The best data or analysis in the world
will have a hard time being effective if it
can't be presented effectively. There are
two elements to communicating with
GIS -designing the overall product, and
applying effective cartography to the
map itself.
7. • Almost all maps include a "frame"
design (titles, color bars, etc.) as well as
an actual geographic picture - some
may also include narrative text, charts,
graphs, etc. Use these principles to
give your "map products" careful design
so that they achieve your overall intent.
8. 1. Begin by defining your purpose and your
audience
• All maps are selective - they show what their maker
intends. Have a clear objective and message in mind
when you go to produce your map.
• Who will see this map product and under what
circumstances?
• Will it mainly be used in a small working group,
handed out as a flyer at public meetings, or used as a
backdrop for a press conference?
• Is the audience technically knowledgeable?
• Be specific about the type and number of people who
most matter to your project.
• Common pitfalls: assuming that your map just shows
"data" rather than having a message; or, developing
a map for your own taste, rather than understanding
what your audience needs.
9.
10.
11. • Design a map product that takes the reader on a
journey.
• Unfold your messages in layers, not all at once.
As the viewer looks more closely, additional
information beyond your primary message should
emerge.
• Don’t force the viewer to read this information
when they first see the map. Look at newspaper
front pages for examples of how to combine
graphic elements in an overall story.
• Common pitfall: use all the same size and color
fonts for title and map labels.
2. Make your map a story
12.
13. • A map should have one primary message
that is instantly clear to most people who see
it – show your map to someone who has
never seen it and ask them to tell you what it
says five seconds after they look at it.
• Remove all information from the map that is
not essential.
• Common pitfall: drawing attention first to a
utility element such as a large or centrally
placed scale bar or north arrow, or an
overlarge legend; or, hiding the title in small
fonts.
3. Keep it simple
14.
15. • The frame of your map (title, graphics, legend, etc.)
should integrate with your map to draw the viewer’s
eye to your messages in order of importance.
• Have someone look at it from the map’s intended
viewing distance and tell you what draws their eye in
the first few seconds, then when they look a bit
longer, etc.
• Use your strongest colors for the most important
features.
• Common pitfall: making lakes and other background
water features a very rich and dark royal blue, which
will dominate the viewer’s perception.
4. Direct the viewer’s eye
16.
17. • Every map has an optimal viewing distance.
For a page map, it may be only a foot or two;
for a large poster it could be 10 feet or more.
• Place your map at its intended viewing
distance and assess its impact
• Common pitfall: reviewing a poster map only
from a foot or two viewing distance, which
prevents seeing larger patterns in the full
map.
5. Design for a viewing distance
18.
19. Cartography deals with the design of maps
themselves. There are many good
resources for improving your map design -
among the best are:
• Designing Better Maps: A Guide for GIS Users
by Cynthia A. Brewer ESRI Press, 2005, 220 pp - published
by ESRI Press, this comprehensive book is a complete guide to
a wide range of design techniques.
• Making Maps : A Visual Guide to Map Design for GIS
by John Krygier and Denis Wood 2005 This book is equally
useful, but focuses more on the concepts of design. It is less a
technical cartography guide than a tour of effective map
communication strategies
