Proportion Balance Rhythm Emphasis Harmony

1. Art Principles of Design
It refers to the organization of a work
of art.
Ms. R. AMUDHA
Assistant Professor, Department of Home Science – Interior Design & Décor,
Sri Kanyaka Parameswari Arts & Science College, Chennai -01.

2. Proportion
• It means one part in relation to another.
• Definition: it is defined as the relation
between parts of the same thing or between
different things of same kind.
• Law of relationship: deals with relationship in
size, shape, color, texture and pattern.

3. Golden mean/ Golden oblong/Golden
rectangle/Greek oblong
• The oblong which is used as a basis of their
space divisions is called as golden oblong and
is recognised as standard for space
relationship.
• It is measured approximately two units on
short side and three units on long side.
2
3
7
11
5

7. Balance
• It is the state of rest or repose.
• Types of balance:
• Formal/Symmetrical balance
• Informal/Asymmetrical balance
• Radial

8. Formal/Symmetrical balance – Objects are alike
and place in equal space from center.

9. Informal/Asymmetrical
balance –
Distribution of weight is
made by grouping of
objects and do not attract
same amount of attention.

10. Radial balance – arrangement of elements about a
central point.

11. Rhythm
• “a feeling of easy eye movement”
• Something that is spontaneous, energetic or
primitive.
• Rhythm movement can be achieved through
– Repetition
– Progression of size
– Continuous line movement
– Radiation
– Gradation

12. Repetition: a shape is regularly
repeated at proper intervals.

13. Progression of size: arranging smaller to large
objects gives variation and avoids monotony.

14. Continuous line movement: brings beauty in
sequence of line movement

15. Radiation: organised movement that grows out of
a central point

16. Gradation: obtain through color variation or size.

17. Emphasis: to give importance or
highlight to particular object

18. Harmony: pleasing effect, impression
of unity.

19. Harmony of line: through repetition,
contradiction, transitional.

20. Harmony of shape: grouping objects of
same shape

21. Harmony of size: objects should be
combined proportionately.

22. Harmony of texture: rough or smooth

23. Harmony of ideas: achieved through
presenting ideas

24. Art Principles of design
• Proportion
• Balance
• Rhythm
• Emphasis
• Harmony

38. Reference
• Premalatha. M.R., Andal. A & Parimalam. P,
(2008), “A text book of Interior Decoration”,
satish serial publishing house, ISBN
10: 818930450X / ISBN 13: 9788189304508