In this project an automated greenhouse robot was built with the purpose of controlling the greenhouse environment Parameters such as temperature and humidity. The microcontroller used to create the automated greenhouse robot was an AT89s51. This project utilizes three different sensors, a humidity sensor, a Light sensor and a temperature sensor. The 2sensors are controlling the two Relays which are a fan (for cooling) and a bulb (for heating). The fan is used to change the temperature and the bulb is used to heat the plants. The humidity control system and the temperature control system were tested both separately and together. The result showed that the temperature and humidity could be maintained in the desired range.

1. e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
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[896]
A REVIEW ON GREENHOUSE ENVIRONMENT CONTROLLING ROBOT
Vinaya Pandurang Chandanshiv*1, Prof. S.K. Kapde*2
*1P.G. Student, Dept Of Electronics And Telecommunication Engineering, Deogiri College Of
Engineering And Management, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.
*2Assistant Professor, Dept Of Electronics And Telecommunication Engineering, Deogiri College Of
Engineering And Management, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.
ABSTRACT
In this project an automated greenhouse robot was built with the purpose of controlling the greenhouse
environment Parameters such as temperature and humidity. The microcontroller used to create the automated
greenhouse robot was an AT89s51. This project utilizes three different sensors, a humidity sensor, a Light
sensor and a temperature sensor. The 2sensors are controlling the two Relays which are a fan (for cooling) and
a bulb (for heating). The fan is used to change the temperature and the bulb is used to heat the plants. The
humidity control system and the temperature control system were tested both separately and together. The
result showed that the temperature and humidity could be maintained in the desired range.
Keywords: Light Sensor, Temperature Sensor, Humidity Sensor, Monitoring, Controlling, PIC Microcontroller.
I. INTRODUCTION
Greenhouses plays a major role in today's agriculture since farmers can grow plants under controlled climatic
conditions and can optimize production. The greenhouses are usually built-in areas where the climatic
condition for the growth of plants are not optimal so requires some artificial setups to bring about productivity.
Automating process of a greenhouse requires monitoring and controlling of the climatic parameters.
With the increasing population and the need of the human being for more space has led to reduction of forests,
farm etc. This in turn results in global heating which has adverse effects on our life. The importance of plants,
trees is thus increasing with time. This led us to do a project on the greenhouse, a place we can grow plants of
different varieties under one roof. Using machine tools and robotics new harvesting systems are starting to
emerge for high value crops. Here in this project, we are monitoring and controlling the different parameters
through microcontroller.
The applications of instrumental robotics are spreading everyday to cover further domains as the opportunity
of replacing humans operators provides effective solutions with return on investment. This is especially
important when duties, that need to be performed, are potentially harmful for the society or the health of the
worker, or when more conservative issues are granted by robotics. Heavy chemicals or drug dispenser, manure
or fertilizers spreaders, etc. are activities more and more concerned by the deployment of unmanned options
greenhouses are translucent glass or plastic constructions for hastening the growth of the plants. The
distribution of plants inside greenhouses usually consists of an alteration of double rows of plants and narrow
corridors for human operation and walkway. This kind of agricultural technique is massively used for intensive
production of horticultural products in region with adverse natural climatic conditions, since it allows a more
effective use of water and daylight.
Today solutions massively depend on heavy chemicals, plentifully distributed at given time intervals, making
the greenhouse indoors highly toxic, with operator health’s shocks and forbidden re-entry long lasting delays.
Recent studies reported confirmations that spraying operations have hazardous effects on the health of
knapsack sprayer human operators, who are specially exposed when working inside greenhouses, in conditions
of high temperature and poor ventilation. Therefore, the automation of spraying, as well as other greenhouse
operations like monitoring and control of environmental conditions, harvest support, plant inspection, and
artificial pollination, has a dramatic social and economic impact.

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Volume:03/Issue:09/September-2021 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com
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[897]
Animated version of the Robot
1.1 Inputs defined in project & their purpose
The input signal in our project is generated through the sensors which are used for sensing the light,
temperature and humidity. The sensors used are:
 LDR
 LM35
 SY-HS-220
LDR: The LDR is used for the purpose of light detection. It is a light dependent resistor. The LDR is the simplest
light detector.
LM35: The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors, whose output voltage is linearly
proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature. The LM35 thus has an advantage over linear temperature
sensors calibrated in ºKelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a large constant voltage from its output to
obtain convenient Centigrade scaling.
SY-HS-220: Humidity transmitter provides a high accuracy of 4 to 20mA humidity measurement Accuracies of
2% RH is available.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
Due to development in agriculture field, there are many ways to monitor & control the various parameters like
temperature, humidity, soil moisture, light intensity. System can be wired or wireless. In the wired system,
power source is wire. This system more reliable but complex to handle. When in wireless sensor network,
power source of node is battery but it has also a drawback relative to battery which is of limited capacity. To
overcome this drawback AODTPC (adaptive on demand transmission control protocol) protocol with Kalman
estimator is used. [5]
In WSN, there are also many ways to monitor the greenhouse. Bhaviskar et al [13] adopted ZigBee protocol in
which they divided system into two partPCN (portable controller node) system &SAN (sensor & actuator node)
system. PCN system consist laptop/PC & Xbee transceiver. A GUI application provides real time monitoring &

3. e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:03/Issue:09/September-2021 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com
www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science
[898]
controlling of various parameters & remote control. SAN system consists sensor node & actuator node. At
sensor node, it senses various parameters and transmits to PCN system. At actuator node, it performs the
switching operation.
Liu et al. [8] proposes design of greenhouse dividing in two frameworks. First part consists several sensor
nodes which were used to measure different parameter. in that, sink node install inside the greenhouse to
collect the data [10] & transferred to remote PC. Second part consist GSM module & management software.
Authors analyzed the result of sensors &RSSI (received signal strength) value.
Ling et al. [6] proposed a monitoring system with ZigBee module [1] which is interfacing with microprocessor
C8051F. They also provided the flow chart of network address searching & mode of transmission
Yeh et al. [3] build a mobile nursery for orchid breeding using ARM9 processor interfacing with PC based
server. They were showing standard deviation improvement for temperature, humidity.
Another advancement in controlling tool is that Hanggoro et al. [2] demonstrate design of greenhouse
monitoring &controlling using Android mobile application. They were concentrated in humidity level of
greenhouse using Ardunio UNO processor interfacing with Android mobile application.
Sahu [4] monitor & control the greenhouse using microcontroller AT89C51 & shown the result analysis of
transducer readings. Sometimes robot also placed in farm to monitor the farming status with the help of
sensors. [9]
III. METHODOLOGY
This project deals with the monitoring and control of the greenhouse parameters such as humidity,
temperature and light. Here we have designed a microcontroller-based prototype model where we are
controlling the above-mentioned parameters through the microcontroller.
Here we are monitoring parameters like temperature, light and humidity. For measurement of these
parameters, we need sensors which respond to the changes in the parameters appropriately. Hence, we have
used LM35 as temperature sensors, SY-HS-220 as the humidity sensor and LDR as the light sensor. As the
signals measured are of very low value therefore their amplification is very necessary. hence LM324 has been
used as a non-inverting amplifier. As LM324 contains 4 op-amps per IC hence it has been used. For the purpose
of analog to digital conversion we have used ADC0808. We are using it as 3:1 multiplexer. IC 555 has been used
as a timer IC to provide a clock signal to ADC0808. It is used as astable multivibrator with 50% duty cycle for
220 KHz frequency. The heart of the project i.e., the microcontroller is AT89S51. It is used because of its larger
memory. The display is done through 16×2-line LCD. We can also use 4 lines LCD. MAX232 has been used for
the interfacing purpose. with the help of this IC, we can display the data on the computer also. for storing the
data for the future use we used EEPROM IC 24C16. The power module consists of IC7805 for 5V supply and
IC7812 for 12v supply.
For the controlling action we have used sugar cube relays with which we can connect the fans etc. BC557
transistors have been used for gain purpose. Various resistors, capacitors (paper, electrolytic), diodes and
connectors (2pin, 3pin, 4pin, 5pin, and 6pin) have been used.
IV. APPLICATION
1. It is used to control & display agricultural parameters required in the Green House System such as
temperature, brightness, etc.
2. It can be operated remotely by interfacing a telephone system so that if there is any problem in the system, it
can automatically dial & give information about the occurred problem.
3. The basic system of the Green House with some modifications can be used in other applications as follows.
4. Factories: It can be used to switch ON & OFF the heater or fan depending on whether the machine or the
motor is cool or hot. Also, the ideal room temperature can be maintained for the proper working of all machines
5. Residential areas or bungalows: It can be used to check the water level in the tank & then can accordingly
switch ON or OFF the motor. Also, it can be used to irrigate the plants in the garden & the lawns by monitoring
the moisture in the atmosphere & water requirement of the plants.

4. e-ISSN: 2582-5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:03/Issue:09/September-2021 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com
www.irjmets.com @International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering, Technology and Science
[899]
6. Hotels: It can be used to maintain different temperatures in different rooms with the help of a single control
i.e., multi-motoring of the temperatures is possible. Similar systems can be used in water treatment of plants
too.
7. Hospitals: It can be used in I. C. U’s, operation theatres, maintenance of laboratory temperatures, monitoring
of oxygen levels etc.
8.Automobile industries: It can be used to sense the fuel level, oil level, temperature of engines, RPM, gear
position etc.
V. CONCLUSION
We conclude that the various parameters of the greenhouse such as temperature, light, and humidity play a
great role in the plant growth and should remain within the required range. here in this project, we have
successfully monitored and controlled the parameters through various sensors and controllers.
VI. REFERENCES
[1] Ganesh Kumar and P.Vasanth Sena, “Novel Artificial Neural Networks and Logistic Approach for
Detecting Credit Card Deceit,” International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, Vol. 15,
issue 9, Sep. 2015, pp. 222-234
[2] Gyusoo Kim and Seulgi Lee, “2014 Payment Research”, Bank of Korea, Vol. 2015, No. 1, Jan. 2015.
[3] Chengwei Liu, Yixiang Chan, Syed Hasnain Alam Kazmi, Hao Fu, “Financial Fraud Detection Model:
Based on Random Forest,” International Journal of Economics and Finance, Vol. 7, Issue. 7, pp. 178-188,
2015.
[4] Hitesh D. Bambhava, Prof. Jayeshkumar Pitroda, Prof. Jaydev J. Bhavsar (2013), “A Comparative Study
on Bamboo Scaffolding and Metal Scaffolding in Construction Industry Using Statistical Methods”,
International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 4, Issue 6, June 2013,
Pg.2330-2337.
[5] P. Ganesh Prabhu, D. Ambika, “Study on Behaviour of Workers in Construction Industry to Improve
Production Efficiency”, International Journal of Civil, Structural, Environmental and Infrastructure
Engineering Research and Development (IJCSEIERD), Vol. 3, Issue 1, Mar 2013, 59-66
BOOKS:
[6] Kenneth. J. Ayala – The 8051 Micro-Controller.
[7] Douglas Hal
[8] PHILIPS Handbook
[9] Lampex.
[10] N. C. Goyal -R. K. Khaitan – A Monograph On Electronics Design Principles
[11] R. S. Gaonkar.
[12] U.P Bakshi - A.P Godse- Integrated Circuits and Applications
WEBSITES:
[13] www.ATMEL.com
[14] www.nsc.com
[15] www.spj.com
[16] www.google.com