Question 1 Random changes in gene frequency that occur in small populations describes the concept of A. convergent evolution. B. adaptive radiation. C. sympatric speciation. D. genetic drift. E. parapatric speciation. 5 points   Question 2 On a molecular level, all organisms A. have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in proteins, but use different genetic codes. B. have the same bases in DNA and RNA, but different amino acids in proteins. C. have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in proteins, and use the same genetic code. D. show no similarities. E. use different means of storing genetic information. 5 points   Question 3 Which of the following is the best description of an adaptation? A. a trait that will be beneficial in the future B. a trait that was beneficial to survival in the past C. an environmental change that selects for certain traits D. a trait that is of no advantage to survival E. a trait that is currently beneficial to survival 5 points   Question 4 Which of the following statements about natural selection is true? A. All individuals within a population have an equal likelihood of survival. Survival is based on chance. B. Natural selection results in those individuals within a population who are best-adapted surviving and producing more offspring. C. Natural selection leads to extinction. D. Natural selection causes variations to arise within a population. E. Natural selection leads to increased likelihood of survival for certain individuals based on variation. The variation must come from outside the population. 5 points   Question 5 Embryonic development includes all of the following except A. cleavage. B. growth. C. organogenesis. D. gastrulation. E. fertilization. 5 points   Question 6 Vestigial organs A. include the human appendix and wisdom teeth and a snake’s hipbones. B. did not have a function when they first developed, but do so today. C. are not found in present-day organisms. D. are similar in many organisms. E. must have evolved individually in different organisms. 5 points   Question 7 Most mutations lead to a decreased chance of survival for the mutant organism. Rarely, a mutation can provide an increased chance of survival. These rare mutations provide a(n) _____________________ for the mutant. A. directional shift B. selective disadvantage C. adaptive D. selective advantage E. environmental susceptibility 5 points   Question 8 Which of the following is not true of the punctuated equilibrium theory? A. It suggests that most species undergo little phenotypic change during most of their evolutionary duration. B. It proposes that most evolutionary change is concentrated in relatively brief episodes of change. C. It was inspired in part by patterns observed in the fossil record. D. It appears to be well supported by the fossil record. E. It suggests that subgroups diverge and evolve at about equal and constant rates. 5 poin ...

1. Question 1
Random changes in gene frequency that occur in small
populations describes the concept of
A.
convergent evolution.
B.
adaptive radiation.
C.
sympatric speciation.
D.
genetic drift.
E.
parapatric speciation.
5 points
Question 2
On a molecular level, all organisms
A.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in
proteins, but use different genetic codes.
B.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, but different amino
acids in proteins.
C.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in
proteins, and use the same genetic code.

2. D.
show no similarities.
E.
use different means of storing genetic information.
5 points
Question 3
Which of the following is the best description of an adaptation?
A.
a trait that will be beneficial in the future
B.
a trait that was beneficial to survival in the past
C.
an environmental change that selects for certain traits
D.
a trait that is of no advantage to survival
E.
a trait that is currently beneficial to survival
5 points
Question 4
Which of the following statements about natural selection is
true?
A.
All individuals within a population have an equal likelihood of
survival. Survival is based on chance.
B.
Natural selection results in those individuals within a
population who are best-adapted surviving and producing more
offspring.

3. C.
Natural selection leads to extinction.
D.
Natural selection causes variations to arise within a population.
E.
Natural selection leads to increased likelihood of survival for
certain individuals based on variation. The variation must come
from outside the population.
5 points
Question 5
Embryonic development includes all of the following except
A.
cleavage.
B.
growth.
C.
organogenesis.
D.
gastrulation.
E.
fertilization.
5 points
Question 6
Vestigial organs
A.
include the human appendix and wisdom teeth and a snake’s
hipbones.

4. B.
did not have a function when they first developed, but do so
today.
C.
are not found in present-day organisms.
D.
are similar in many organisms.
E.
must have evolved individually in different organisms.
5 points
Question 7
Most mutations lead to a decreased chance of survival for the
mutant organism. Rarely, a mutation can provide an increased
chance of survival. These rare mutations provide a(n)
_____________________ for the mutant.
A.
directional shift
B.
selective disadvantage
C.
adaptive
D.
selective advantage
E.
environmental susceptibility
5 points
Question 8

5. Which of the following is not true of the punctuated equilibrium
theory?
A.
It suggests that most species undergo little phenotypic change
during most of their evolutionary duration.
B.
It proposes that most evolutionary change is concentrated in
relatively brief episodes of change.
C.
It was inspired in part by patterns observed in the fossil record.
D.
It appears to be well supported by the fossil record.
E.
It suggests that subgroups diverge and evolve at about equal and
constant rates.
5 points
Question 9
Up until the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries,
many naturalists believed that all species of living organism(s)
had been created separately and had remained unchanged since
the creation. Around that time, scientific research provided
findings that were contradictory to that idea. All of the
following are findings that contradict the idea of a single
creation. Choose the exception.
A.
As scientists explored more of the earth, they found that
different groups of organisms were found in the different
regions.
B.

6. The platypus is only found in Australia and the dodo was only
found on Madagascar.
C.
Some fossils of extinct organisms are quite different from living
organisms.
D.
Even though the limbs of various mammals carry out different
functions (swimming, gliding, running, holding, etc.), the bone
patterns are very similar.
E.
The limbs of some mammals serve the same purpose but their
bone patterns are very different.
5 points
Question 10
As opposed to external fertilization, internal fertilization
ensures that
A.
sperm will be protected until they can unite with the eggs.
B.
the number of sperm and eggs produced will be equal.
C.
sperm and egg will be released simultaneously.
D.
only the fittest of sperm and egg combinations will survive.
E.
all of the sperm will fertilize eggs.
5 points
Question 11

7. Animals that possess both male and female sexual organs
A.
are dioecious and typically cross-fertilize.
B.
are hermaphroditic and typically cross-fertilize.
C.
are parthenogenetic and typically self-fertilize.
D.
are hermaphroditic and typically self-fertilize.
E.
are dioecious and typically self-fertilize.
5 points
Question 12
Chemical compounds secreted by mammals and insects to
communicate sexual readiness are called
A.
estrogens.
B.
pheromones.
C.
testosterones.
D.
hormones.
E.
developers.
5 points

8. Question 13
Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone
(FSH) are
A.
only produced in female humans.
B.
constantly secreted into the bloodstream of males.
C.
produced in both male and female humans.
D.
produced in the ovaries.
E.
produced in the testes.
5 points
Question 14
After being produced in the seminiferous tubules, sperm mature
in the
A.
epididymis.
B.
vas deferens.
C.
seminal vesicle.
D.
ejaculatory duct.
E.

9. urethra.
5 points
Question 15
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
A.
can be used to reveal pregnancy.
B.
acts as a hormone signaling menstruation.
C.
is produced by the amnion.
D.
is needed to form the placenta.
E.
is stored in the ovaries.
5 points
Question 16
This type of selection favors both extremes of the phenotype
spectrum within a population.
A.
directional
B.
neutral
C.
stabilizing
D.
disruptive

10. E.
natural
5 points
Question 17
Immature eggs are called
A.
basal cells.
B.
blastocysts.
C.
ovaries.
D.
follicles.
E.
oocytes.
5 points
Question 18
A population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
A.
requires a small population size.
B.
consists of allele frequencies that are constantly changing.
C.
is under no selective pressures.
D.
consists of genotype frequencies that are constantly changing.

11. E.
is very common in nature.
5 points
Question 19
The primary male hormone is
A.
estrogen.
B.
only involved in sperm production.
C.
produced throughout a male’s entire lifetime.
D.
testosterone.
E.
produced in the brain.
5 points
Question 20
Negative feedback loops act to
A.
cause uterine contractions during childbirth.
B.
control sperm production.
C.
cause milk production after childbirth.
D.
cause expulsion of milk during breastfeeding.

12. E.
cause an erection of the penis when stimulated.
Question 1
Random changes in gene frequency that occur in small
populations
describes the concept of
A.
convergent evolution.
B.
adaptive radiation.
C.
sympatric speciation.
D.
genetic drift.
E.
parapatric speciation.

13. 5 points
Question 2
On a molecular level, all organisms
A.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in
proteins, but use
different genetic codes.
B.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, b
ut different amino acids in proteins.
C.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in
proteins, and use the
same genetic code.
D.
show no similarities.
E.

14. use different means of storing genetic information.
5 points
Question 3
Which of the following is the best description of an adaptation?
A.
a trait that will be beneficial in the future
B.
a trait that was beneficial to survival in the past
C.
an environmental change that selects for certain traits
D.
a trait that is of no advantage to survival
E.
a trait that is currently beneficial to survival
5 points

15. Question 1
Random changes in gene frequency that occur in small
populations describes the concept of
A. convergent evolution.
B. adaptive radiation.
C. sympatric speciation.
D. genetic drift.
E. parapatric speciation.
5 points
Question 2
On a molecular level, all organisms
A.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in
proteins, but use
different genetic codes.
B. have the same bases in DNA and RNA, but different amino
acids in proteins.
C.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in
proteins, and use the
same genetic code.
D. show no similarities.
E. use different means of storing genetic information.

16. 5 points
Question 3
Which of the following is the best description of an adaptation?
A. a trait that will be beneficial in the future
B. a trait that was beneficial to survival in the past
C. an environmental change that selects for certain traits
D. a trait that is of no advantage to survival
E. a trait that is currently beneficial to survival
5 points