solutions to water scarcity, land degradation and ecosystem sustainability,Governance and management

1. CRP 5: Durable Solutions to Water Scarcity and
Land Degradation
Development challenges
• Poverty, food insecurity partly caused by water scarcity and land
degradation through agriculture
• People must learn to produce more with less water while reversing
land degradation
• People must change the way water and land resources are managed
www.iita.org

2. CRP 5: Durable Solutions to Water Scarcity and
Land Degradation
Goal
• To sustainably improve livelihoods, reduce poverty, and ensure food security
through research-based solutions to water scarcity, land degradation and
ecosystem sustainability
Objectives
• Enhance and safeguard land and water access for the poor to sustainably
benefit from resource use
• Deliver greater water and land productivity in rainfed and irrigated systems for
crops, fisheries and aquaculture, livestock, and agroforestry to cope with water
scarcity and land degradation
• Improve land and soil health and water quality to reverse widespread
degradation of agricultural production systems
• Enhance ecosystem services and resilience by enhancing the ability of people
to manage water and land to sustain ecosystem services within and beyond
agroecosystems as influenced by agricultural practices
• Change actions, behaviors, attitudes and beliefs reflected in practices and
policies within communities of stakeholders (farmers, researchers, public
sector officials in water and related sectors, politicians and the private sector) www.iita.org

3. CRP 5: Water Scarcity and Land Degradation
Best bets (solutions to water scarcity, land degradation and ecosystem
sustainability)
• Rainfed: how to improve soil fertility, land and water management to unlock the
potential of rainfed agriculture while reversing trends of ecosystems
degradation?
• Irrigation: what must we do to revitalize irrigation in Africa and Asia?
• Wastewater: how can we enhance food security by recovering nutrients and
other resources from solid and liquid waste streams?
• Basins: how do we manage water and land resources in major agricultural river
basins in ways that meet the needs of people and ecosystems?
www.iita.org

4. Best bets - continued
• Groundwater: how do we make groundwater use sustainable?
• Pastoral: what changes are needed in land and water management to
support pastoral livelihoods?
• Ecosystems: how do we improve ecosystem resilience and services to
provide farmers and pastoralists with production systems that have
increased adaptability to environmental changes?
• Information systems: how can we use land, water and ecosystems
information systems to generate evidence-based policy
recommendations?
www.iita.org

5. CRP 5: Rainfed systems
Outputs
• Development of research informed investment packages including out-scaling
strategies, opportunities and supportive policy programs for rainfed areas
• New options for sustainable water and land productivity in water-scarced
environment developed and disseminated
• New insights developed and communicated on nutrient replenishment, food
production systems, organic and biofertilizers, carbon sequestration etc
• Training materials developed and links to training institutes formed
Outcomes
• In 3 years, documented use of tools generated by the program in 10 sites
• In 6 years, sizeable investment programs into water and land practices,
improved capacity to carry out integrated soil, water, and ecosystem research
www.iita.org

6. CRP 5: Revitalizing surface irrigation:
Outputs
• A standardized performance benchmark methodology applied across 20 case
study systems with management improvement plans
• A tool kit of options and capacity building materials for improving the
management design and performance of surface irrigation
Outcomes
• In 3 years, A community of practice jointly assessing performance and
developing improvement options across 40 irrigation systems in Africa and
Asia
• In 6 years, in 10 irrigation systems, documented changes attributable to
CRP5 in institutions for managing for more accountability resulting in better
service to farmers and multiple users, increased water productivity and
environmental measures
• Documented cases of investors and designers using these materials in 3 new
irrigation systems in Sub-Saharan Africa www.iita.org

7. CRP 5: Pastoral systems :
Outputs
• Participatory mapping, assessment and planning techniques of rangeland
resource conditions and use
• Assessment of costs and benefits of various institutions, policy and practice
changes in terms of livelihood restoration and ecosystems service
• New insights into relationships between water access and pastoral
livelihoods, opportunities to better use rain water, opportunities for carbon
sequestration, valuation of rangeland of biodiversity.
Outcomes
• In 3 years: Communities in 3 locations use the tools and information
emanating from the program
• In 6 years: Documentation of interventions on policy changes and
investments based on program activities in 3 areas.
www.iita.org

8. CRP 5: Ground water management :
Outputs
• Science-based policy investment and management options that include levels
outside the groundnut water and water-resource sector
• An analysis of the role of ground water and conjunctive use systems and how
they can be relied upon and affected by climate change
• A training module for formal groundwater management agencies covering an
array of social and technical issues that go beyond monitoring the resource base
Outcomes
• Documented change in strategy, policy and practices in 4 different regions in
Asia
• 200 groundwater specialists trained within 6 years.
• In 6 years, stimulation of groundwater use in 2 under-utilized areas in Africa
through an improved knowledge base and the provision of reasonably priced
technologies and water supplies that boost production and income
www.iita.org

9. CRP 5: Resource Recovery
Outputs
• Innovative agricultural reuse and treatment models for waste water, excreta and
organic waste that delivers social and financial return
• Global map of waste water and excreta reuse and assessment of consumer
risks and benefits
• Options for reuse of waste streams including on-farm and off-farm opportunities
for reducing microbial contamination of water resources
• Business models to make an asset out of waste water
Outcomes
• Increased institutional and public knowledge on the extent of water, organic
matter, and nutrient recovery of waste streams, related risks and benefits and
agronomically, economically and socially viable options for up-scaling and out-
scaling resource recovery models.
www.iita.org

10. CRP 5: Basins
Outputs
• Guidelines for selection and evaluation of individual water storage options and their
combination at the basin scale that take into account the magnitude and distribution of
benefits and costs and the role of infrastructure in managing hydrological extremes
• Guidelines for allocating and managing water in the basin to reduce poverty, risk,
increase productivity, improve energy, manage the effects of hydrological extremes and
provide for ecosystems services and take account of water rights
• Options for increased water and land productivity at basin scale
• Institutional options for benefit sharing mechanism to improve the livelihoods of upstream
communities, conserve fragile upland areas, reduce sediment flows and improve
downstream water availability
• Methods for analyzing trade offs between water and land users
Outcomes
• Discussions in investment and water allocation in 5 river basins
• Benefit sharing mechanisms are in use in 5 locations
• Improved research capacity to analyze benefits, improve water and land monitoring and
mitigating negative impacts of anthropogenic interventions
• In 10 years, basin managers successfully manage water scarcity
www.iita.org

11. CRP 5: Ecosystems
Outputs
• Insights into the levels and scales at which ecosystems components provide services that help
reduce poverty
• Identification of management practices and incentive systems to enhance or create ecosystems
services for current and future use to reduce poverty across CRP5 Best Bets and in support of other
CRPs
• Identification of custodians of ecosystem resources across key research sites with action plan for
creating enabling policy to support them
• Methods to test, monitor and evaluate the impact of intervention aimed at promoting the use,
maintenance and enhancement of ecosystem resource in support of the rural poor
Outcomes
• After 6 years in 10 areas, document success of interventions
• Farmers and resource managers are moving towards insurance policies comprised of multiple ways
to better use soil, water ,and biotic resources that enhance ecosystem services
• Natural resource managers will support and create partnerships with small scale producers who use
water, soil and biotic management, methods that reduce vulnerability in the production system while
at the same time maintaining productivity
• Consumer and retailer norms and behaviors are supporting agricultural production systems that
reduce vulnerability
• Policies, legal measures and incentives that support production systems with less dependent on
external inputs
www.iita.org

12. Information sharing
• Outputs
• Agro‐ecosystem information systems comprised of:
Comprehensive, web‐enabled agro‐ecosystem database and map server for
CGIAR regions, of soil and vegetation conditions and water resources status.
• A Sentinel Site Surveillance System consisting of a set of well characterized,
long‐term monitoring sites within CG benchmark sites, including over 60 sites
under the Africa Soil
• Information Service, as a resource for intervention evaluation, ecosystem
monitoring, model building and validation
• Scenario, simulation and statistical models for a range of land and water
management decision problems, including land and water resource evaluation and
planning, watershed management, soil and livestock management, and water
supply and demand modeling.
• Increased capacity of regional and national organizations to design and apply
environmental information and surveillance systems, including end user cases,
decision profiles and example decision support modules.
www.iita.org

13. Information sharing
Outcomes
• Land and water information and surveillance systems are adopted as an
integral part of decision making processes on land and water
management in regional, national and local systems, resulting in policies
and practices that are well targeted at key risks to land, water and
ecosystem health.
• Documentation of 6 cases.
• A wide range of stakeholders engaged with land and water management,
from international and regional policy makers and donors to individual
users of the information and surveillance systems.
• Fifty thousand people will be using the information.
www.iita.org

14. CRP 5: Governance and management
• IWMI (lead center) to sign performance contracts with consortium
board, centers and other institutions who will be responsible for leading
best bets
• Steering committee
– comprises main CG (based on financial contributions >USD4
million) and external partners
– TORs of steering committee: overall strategic and annual
workplans, approve budget allocation, oversee annual performance
reporting processes, & oversee monitoring and evaluation
processes
• Scientific and Impact Advisory Committee
– Specific advice on scientific directions, science quality and
feasibility of proposed approaches
– Specific advice on partnership and uptake/impact strategies
– Oversight and advice on gender and capacity building issues
www.iita.org

15. CRP 5: Governance and management
• Management committee (Program Director plus leaders of each of the
Best Bets)
– planning scientific delivery of CRP outputs via the development of
rolling annual workplans and strategic reviews of progress
– recommend budget allocations among centers
– Integrate across and within CRPs ‐ bringing context, contribution
and synergy between different CRPs and CRP components
– Facilitate collective agreement on equitable mechanisms,
processes and decision criteria for funding allocations
– Submission of CRP documentation and funding requests through
the lead centre
– Development of and reporting against annual CRP budgets in
collaboration with all partners
– CRP communications planning, reporting against workplans,
milestones and outcomes
– Initial dispute arbitration www.iita.org

16. CRP 5: Budgets, Impact Areas and Partners
Principal partner’s 2009 audited budget + 10%
– 2011: $78.586 million
– 2012: $85.424 million
– 2013: $93.953 million
• IITA role
– Minor (soil fertility management & SP-IPM)
– 2.85% (total budget request)
Impact Areas (regions)
• Latin America, sub Saharan Africa , West, Central, & South Asia
Partners
• IWMI (lead center), African Rice, bioversity, CIAT, CIP, CPWF, IITA, ICARDA,
ICRAF, ICRISAT, IFPRI, ILRI, IRRI, World Fish center plus others non CG
organizations
www.iita.org