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Real time water quality monitoring system in ganga basin
1. Real Time Water Quality Monitoring System
R.M.Bhardwaj
Senior Scientist
Central Pollution Control Board
rmbhardwaj@gmail.com
2. Automatic Water Quality Monitoring of River Ganga
First attempt of Automatic Water Quality Monitoring of
River Ganga (1992-95)
System performed for a couple of months
System did not have telecommunication system
Data downloading through floppy diskettes
Monitoring data have erratic values
System did not improved despite efforts
Contract with the supplier of floating boat and
equipments terminated
Led to arbitration and litigation
Bitter experience for two decade
4. Automatic Water Quality Monitoring of River Yamuna
Second attempt of Automatic Water Quality Monitoring
of River Yamuna -1998
Monitoring system was analyser based
System performed for a couple of months
System did not have telecommunication system
Data downloading through floppy diskettes
Monitoring data have erratic values
System did not improved despite efforts
5. Real Time Water Quality Monitoring of
River Ganga and Yamuna
Third attempt of Real Time Water Quality Monitoring of
River Ganga and Yamuna -2012 under HP-II
Monitoring system is sensor based
System functioning for a period of 15 months
System have telecommunication system
Data transmission through telemetry
Server installed in CPCB Delhi Office
Monitoring data is under going verification through
manual monitoring
System has strengths and weaknesses
Possibilities of improvement is being explored
9. Salient Features of RTWQMS
• System can monitor ten parameters
pH
Turbidity
Conductivity
Temperature
Dissolved Oxygen
Ammonia
Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
Nitrate
Chloride
10. Components of the System
Monitoring Station-Data logger and transmission
system with build in display
Compressor
Solar panel-Battery Charging System for remote
stations
Web Camera
Sensor package
Wireless network-GSM/GPRS transmitters
Single Point Grounding System for field stations
Floating Platform/Buoy
Data processing and publishing server
Alert system
17. Central Receiving Station
• Comprising of three Servers
• Data collection and Data base server - Windows
Server Edition, Software with SQL Database
• Real-time Quality Control Software for alarms by
SMS messages based on thresholds
• Quality Assurance and Application Server
(Windows Server Edition), Time Series
• Web Accessible Remote Station and Computer
Maintenance Log Software
• WEB Server, Data Dissemination/visualization
software
• UPS for Computer Systems
• Computer Rack
• Network Router with Hardware
• Network Switch (HUB)
18. Data Management
• Online data validation at each station with the
con::cube / moni::tool features
• Software installed on Central Receiving Station has
provision for data acquisition, archival, analysis,
display and report generation with parameter value
graphs
• Possible to process and further analyze all the
measured and calculated parameters from these ten
remote stations.
19.
20. Central Monitoring and Alert System
• Hydro – Q a web based Central Monitoring System
provides information about electrical and general
parameters online
• System allows authenticated users to view textual and
graphical reports including trends of all configured
parameters
• Integration with google maps provides a one point
view of all site information.
21. Achievements of Real Time Water Quality
Monitoring System-Maha Kumbh-2013
•Monitoring station at Allahabad provided valuable
inputs during Maha Kumbh held during 2013.
•Data generated on daily basis was communicated to
stakeholder organisations responsible for maintaining
water quality of bathing standard including PMO.
•Data shared with Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand
Pollution Control Board for reduction of organic
pollution and colour discharging effluents from Paper
Mills in Kashipur belt of Uttarakhand dischaging
wastewater in tributaries of river Ramganga which
ultimately joins river Ganga upstream of Kannauj.
22. Achievements of Real Time Water
Quality Monitoring System (contd.)
• Based on Real Time data directions issued to
SPCBs for closure and reduction in production
capacity of paper mills and distilleries during
Maha Kumbh mela for a period of about three
months.
• Water quality maintained for mass bathing
days where millions of devotees had holy bath
at Sangam.
25. Achievements of Real Time Water Quality Monitoring
System –Inter State Issue between Delhi and Haryana
• Monitoring station at Wazirabad (Delhi) on river
Yamuna generating valuable data on ammonia at raw
water intake point for water supply of Delhi since its
installation and commissioning in October 2012.
• Ammonia is one of the critical parameter for treatment
of water for public supplies in the water works.
• Data is communicated to Delhi Jal Board and Haryana
Pollution Control Board on daily basis.
• Based on Real Time data, directions issued under
Section 18 (1) (b) of Water (Prevention and Control of
Pollution) Act, 1974 to Haryana Pollution Control
Board for improvement of performance of sewage
treatment plant and common effluent treatment plant in
Panipat and Sonipat district of Haryana.
29. Limitations/Constraints of Monitoring System
•Site selection and Timely clearance/permission for
installation
• Frequent calibration
• Security in remote areas
• Wide variation in real time values in respect of some
parameters (BOD,COD and Nitrate) however relatively
reliable observations in respect of other parameters (pH,
DO, Temperature, Colour, Conductivity, Turbidity,
Chloride and Ammonia)
•System is workable however drop time observed
invariably due to communication failure or solar power
disruption
30. What is next in Real Time Water Quality Monitoring?
Water quality monitoring with a larger network is
envisaged for grossly polluted river stretches
Proposal for setting up of stations on various rivers along
cities envisaged based on the latest experience
System will be helpful for CPCB and SPCBs/PCCs
struggling with manpower.
Data purchase concept is being worked out and shall be
such so that the vendors have opportunity to invest in
setting up of RTWQMS.
31. What is next in Real Time Water Quality Monitoring?
Ganga water quality monitoring with a larger network is
envisaged -2014 onwards
Limitations shall be huge investment and skilled
manpower.
Data purchase concept is being worked out and shall be
such so that the vendors have opportunity to invest in
setting up of RTWQMS.
32. What is next in Real Time Water Quality Monitoring?
Industrial effluent quality monitoring on all the grossly
polluting industries along river Ganga and its tributaries
to cover entire basin area in four States in the first phase
under National Ganga River Basin Authority.
Entire Ganga Basin in 9 States to be covered
subsequently.
Industries have been directed to install Real Time
Effluent Quality Monitoring system and transmit the data
to CPCB and concerned SPCBs/PCCs.
