Guidelines of waste water quality monitoring

1. Guidelines For Real Time
Effluent Quality Monitoring
System(RTEQMS)
R.M.Bhardwaj
Scientist D
CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD

2. Background
 Central Pollution Control Board issued directions
to SPCBs/PCCs for setting up of Real Time
Monitoring Systems in February 2014.
 Regulation on method of monitoring and analysis
for Real Time Monitoring Systems does not exist
and required to be mandated by SPCBs/PCCs as
a self regulation mechanism.

3. Regulatory Regime
Consent orders of SPCBs/PCCs specify standards to
be complied by industries
Industries submit analysis reports to SPCBs/PCCs
and invariably copies are marked to CPCB
Reports submitted by industries largely comply
with the consent standard limits in contrast to the
samples collected by SPCBs/PCCs/CPCB that by and
large remains non complying.
Actions (based on manual monitoring
methodology) against industries are not leading to
improvement in treatment processes by the units
besides the willingness of persistent defaulters
remains non committal.

4. Regulatory Regime (contd.)
Monitoring mechanism is weak due to lack of
logistics, manpower and resources among the
SPCBs/PCCs/CPCB obviously due to vastness of the
jurisdiction area for regional offices and Zonal
offices.
Remedy is to put in place alternate monitoring
mechanism on self monitoring methodology by
industries and provide online data to regulatory
regime.
Limitations of the remedy is to modify the consent
mechanism wherein online monitoring and reporting
has to be made mandatory

5. Guidelines for RTEQMS
 Industrial units shall inform SPCBs/PCCs/CPCB
about setting up of RTEQMS by submitting
installation and commissioning reports with the
technical details of equipment's and their
worthiness.
 RTEQMS should be equipped to analyse specified
parameters Parameters (pH, Total suspended
solids, ammonia, Bio-chemical Oxygen demand
(BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
etc.) on a defined frequency.
 RTEQMS shall consist of standalone unmanned
water monitoring stations/system equipped with
GSM/GPRS modem and other communication
modes for transmission of real time data to a
central receiving station(CRS)

6. Guidelines for RTEQMS (contd.)
 CRS/Server to be located at industrial
unit/service provider/SPCBs/PCCs and CPCB.
 Central receiving station should have capability
to receive, analyze and archive the data received
from RTEQMS with alarm system.
 Physical verification of installation of equipment's
shall be carried out by SPCBs/PCCs and compile
reports with photographic evidence.
 Verification of data generated through RTEQMS
shall be cross checked by manual monitoring and
analysis of effluent samples by SPCBs/PCCs to
assess the efficacy, accuracy, precision and
reliability of equipment's.

7. Site Selection
 Fixing of site for installation of RTEQMS should
be representative and in compliance to
provisions of Consent Management (notified
effluent outfall with coordinates-Global
Positioning System) to assess temporal changes
in the quality of effluent discharged from the
premises of industrial unit.
 Monitoring site should be accurately displayed
with written station location.
 Photographic evidence should be obtained in the
documentation.

8. Instrumentation of RTEQMS
 Various equipment manufacturers in India and
Abroad are capable to supply, install, commission
and operate the RTEQMS.
 Technology providers have analyser as well as
sensor based equipment's to cater to the needs of
RTEQMS.
 General guidelines shall not specify the equipments
and technology to be used for setting up of
RTEQMS
 Market based system shall be governed for setting
up of RTEQMS
 Industrial units/associations shall use the
equipment and service providers based on the
economics and ruggedness for RTEQMS to last
longer (say at least 5 to 8 years)

9. Advantages and Disadvantages of
Flow Through System

10. Advantages and Disadvantages of
Insitu Monitoring System

11. Data Management and Quality Checks
• RTEQMS generated data should be validated
according to Water Quality Criteria/Effluent
Discharge Standards using the methodologies
included in the publication of American Public
Health Association on Water and Waste Water
Examination(20th Edition)
• Sensors/analyzers shall have current US EPA
reference or equipment method designation and
shall be of the latest design.

12. Data Management and Quality Checks
(contd.)
• Standard Operating procedure should be
provided and must contain
o Operating procedures for all analyzers
and sensors
o Calibration procedures
o Calibration schedules
o Maintenance procedures
o Maintenance schedules
o Data Transmission procedures
o Data validation procedures

13. Network Architecture
 Network architecture should be modular
 RTEQMS should be operational in a real time
mode and central station should be able to
access
 RTEQMS should be field operational and
tolerant to extreme environmental conditions
, in high or low temperatures, high humidity
coastal conditions and high temperature.
 RTEQMS should be rugged and should not
require manual intervention except routine
calibration
 Communication between RTEQMS and
Central Receiving station must be two-way
communication system utilizing GPRS/any
other telemetry system.

14. Network Architecture (contd.)
 RTEQMS should have built in GPS receiver
for automatic position determination and
web camera to visualise the surroundings
of effluent channel and virtual flow.
 Central Receiving station must have the
capability to remotely configure, receive,
process, archive and visualize data
collected and transmitted from RTEQMS to
serve through WEB dissemination
 System should have WEB software to
distribute the data to authorized users
with highly secured mode through a
Quality Control Process.

15. WEB Software Platform
 Web Software Platform must be able for web
posting of the data available on the central
server in such a way that all authorized
persons with an internet connection
(ADSL) would have the possibility to access to
the information of all the RTEQMS
 Web Enabled Software must have following
features:
o Log of user accessing the web enabled data
with complete detail of data accessed and
downloaded should be maintained.
o Authorized user should have access to
current data and historical data.

16. WEB Software Platform (contd.)
o RTEQMS must show the geographical
information and status of the stations, for
example Name of station, Station ID,
Latitude, Longitude, Height (msl) etc.
o On selecting a station, the complete menu
of the data should be displayed.
o Data should be accessible in Tabular and
graphical format provided by the authorised
user.

17. General Specifications -RTEQMS
 Equipment's should be capable of operating in a
self-powering mode from an internal power
supply (using cell batteries/alternative system)
with a full payload at a defined sampling
interval.
 Equipment's should have a non-volatile flash disk
memory capable of storing individual readings
for a period of at least one year.
 Loss of power should not cause loss of memory

18. Technical Specification
of
Analysers/Sensors

19. pH (mV)
Parameter Technical Specification
Measuring Range 0.0 to 14 units of pH
Accuracy ≤ 0.01 units of pH
Response Time ≤ 60 seconds
Operating Temperature 0 to 40o C
Operating Humidity 5 to 95% non-condensing
Power 12 VDC Nominal
Cleaning Self-Cleaning ( Automatic )

20. COD (mg/l)
Parameter Technical Specification
Measuring Range 0.0 to 500 mg/L
Accuracy ± 2% + 5 mg/L of certified
reference standard
Resolution ≤ 1 mg/L
Response Time ≤ 60 seconds
Operating Temperature 0 to 40o C
Operating Humidity 5 to 95% non-condensing
Power 12 VDC Nominal
Cleaning Self-Cleaning ( Automatic )

21. BOD (mg/L)
Parameter Technical Specification
Measuring Range 0.0-50 mg/L
Resolution ≤ 1 mg/L
Response Time ≤ 60 seconds
Operating Temperature 0 to 40o C
Operating Humidity 5 to 95% non-condensing
Power 12 VDC Nominal
Cleaning Self-Cleaning ( Automatic )

22. Ammonia (mg/l)
Parameter Technical Specification
Measuring Range 0.0 to 100 mg/L
Accuracy ≤ 3% of full scale
Resolution ≤ 0.1 mg / L
Response Time ≤ 60 seconds
Operating Temperature 0 to 40o C
Operating Humidity 5 to 95% non-condensing
Power 12 VDC Nominal
Cleaning Self-Cleaning ( Automatic )

23. Total Suspended Solids (mg/l)
Parameter Technical Specification
Measuring Range 0.0 to 200 mg/l
Accuracy ≤ 5 mg/l
Response Time ≤ 60 seconds
Operating Temperature 0 to 40o C
Operating Humidity 5 to 95% non-condensing
Power 12 VDC Nominal
Cleaning Self-Cleaning ( Automatic )

24. Experience on Real Time Water
Quality Monitoring of River
Ganga and Yamuna

25. Automatic Water Quality Monitoring of
River Ganga
First attempt of Automatic Water Quality
Monitoring of River Ganga -1992-95
System performed for a couple of months
System did not have telecommunication system
Data downloading through floppy diskettes
Monitoring data have erratic values
System did not improved despite efforts
Contract with the supplier of floating boat and
equipments terminated
Led to arbitration and litigation
Bitter experience for two decade

26. Automatic Water Quality Monitoring of
River Ganga

27. Automatic Water Quality Monitoring of
River Yamuna
Second attempt of Automatic Water Quality Monitoring of
River Yamuna -1998
Monitoring system was analyser based
Container size for equipments was 15x20 feet
System performed for a couple of months
System did not have telecommunication system
Data downloading through floppy diskettes
Monitoring data have erratic values
System did not improved despite efforts

28. Real Time Water Quality Monitoring of
River Ganga and Yamuna
Third attempt of Real Time Water Quality Monitoring of
River Ganga and Yamuna -2012
Monitoring system is sensor based
System functioning for a period of 12 months
System have telecommunication system
Data transmission through telemetry in server installed in
CPCB Delhi Office
Monitoring data is under going verification through
manual monitoring
System has strengths and weaknesses
Possibilities of improvement is being explored

29. Monitoring Location
River Ganga
 01. Haridwar- Upper Ganga Barrage-BhimGoda)
 02. Kannauj (Nanamau Bridge), Downstream
 03. Kanpur (Jajmau Bridge Kanpur)
 04. Allahabad (Shastri Bridge), Upstream
 05. Varanasi, Upstream
 06. Varanasi, Downstream
 07. Gandhi Ghat, Patna (floating platform)
 08. Garden Reach, Kolkata
River Yamuna
 09. Delhi Upstream, Wazirabad
 10. Delhi Downstream Okhla

30. Monitoring Location

31. Real Time Water Quality Monitoring of
River Ganga and Yamuna

32. Salient Features of RTWQMS
 RTWQMS Project consists of 10 standalone, unmanned
remote water quality monitoring
 System stations can monitor ten parameters
pH
Turbidity
Conductivity
Temperature
Dissolved Oxygen
Ammonia
Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)
Nitrate
Chloride
 Monitoring frequency is set for 15 minutes.
 Real time data transmitted through GPRS network to
server of central receiving station at CPCB office

33. Components of the System
 Real Time Water Quality Monitoring System
(RTWQMS) comprises of
 Monitoring Station-Data logger Data logger and
transmission system with build in display -
Compressor-Solar panel-Battery-GPS-GPRS-
Camera
 Sensor package
 Enclosures
 Wireless network-GSM/GPRS transmitters
 Battery Charging System for remote stations
(battery, regulator, solar panel)
 Single Point Grounding System for field stations
 Floating Platform/Buoy
 Data processing and publishing server
 Alert system

34. Monitoring Station
Jajmau Bridge Kanpur-
Fixed
Varanasi Downstream-
Floating

35. Monitoring Station-Floating
River Ganga-Varanasi
Downstream-Floating
River Gomti-Lucknow-CWC
Station

36. Data Logger and Battery
Data Logger Battery Back Up

37. Sensor Cage with sensors
on Floating Station
Set of four Sensor

38. Monitoring Station-Fixed
Shastri Bridge-Allahabad Shastri Bridge-Allahabad

39. Monitoring Station-Fixed
Anchor of Cage to Bridge
Pillar
Anchor of Cage to Bridge
Pillar

40. Data Logger connected to Sensors

41. Central Receiving Station
 Comprising of three Servers
 Data collection and Data base server - Windows
Server Edition, Software with SQL Database
 Real-time Quality Control Software for alarms by
SMS messages based on thresholds
 Quality Assurance and Application Server
(Windows Server Edition), Time Series
 Web Accessible Remote Station and Computer
Maintenance Log Software
 WEB Server, Data Dissemination/visualization
software
 UPS for Computer Systems
 Computer Rack
 Network Router with Hardware
 Network Switch (HUB)

42. Data Management
 Online data validation at each station with the
con::cube / moni::tool features
 Software installed on Central Receiving Station
has provision for data acquisition, data
archival, data analysis, data display and report
generation with parameter value graphs
 Possible to process and further analyze all the
measured and calculated parameters from
these ten remote stations.

44. Central Monitoring and Alert System
 Hydro – Q a web based Central Monitoring
System provides information about electrical
and general parameters online
 System allows authenticated users to view
textual and graphical reports including trends of
all configured parameters
 Integration with google maps provides a one
point view of all site information.

45. Limitations/Achievements of
Monitoring System
•Site selection and Timely clearance/permission
for installation
• Taxation for an overseas vendor
•Frequent calibration is required
• Security in remote areas a cause of concern
• Wide variation in real time values in respect of
some parameters (BOD,COD and Nitrate)
however relatively reliable observations in
respect of other parameters (pH, DO,
Temperature, Colour, Conductivity, Turbidity,
Chloride and Ammonia)

46. Limitations/Achievements of
Monitoring System (contd.)
•System is workable however drop time observed
invariably due to communication failure or power
disruption
•Data used during Maha Kumbh Event and with
respect to issues with water quality intake point
of Delhi on Yamuna for instant reporting
•Direction issued to SPCB for corrective action on
water quality deterioration at water intake point
of Delhi and regularly used during Maha Kumbh
event.
•System will be helpful for Govt. organisations
struggling with manpower.
•Limitations shall be huge investment and skilled
manpower.

47. HYDROLOGY PROJECT – II
LOAN NO. 4749-IN
International Competitive Bidding (ICB)
for Procurement of supply, installation,
testing, training and commissioning of
Real Time Water Quality Monitoring
Stations (RTWQMS).
IFB No: ICB No: HP II/CPCB-1 /2011-12
Bid Evaluation Report- Vol. 1

48. ICB –Tender Quotations
Name of Bidder Bid Amount
Wintech Engineers Pvt. Ltd.,
New Delhi,India
Rs.7,90,82,000/-
Tritech Engineering & Testing
(Singapore) Pvt. Ltd., Singapore
Rs. 5,61,96,196/-
Essel Shyam Technologies Ltd.,
NOIDA, India
Rs.1,51,30,267/-
Elcome Technologies Pvt. Ltd.,
Gurgaon, India
Rs. 8,99,34,030/-
SGS Weather & Environmental
System Pvt. Ltd.,
New Delhi, India
Rs. 9,36,48,545/-

49. Details of Bid Quotation
Sl. No. Name of Item Specification or Part No. Qty. Rate Value
Sl.No. Name of Item Detail Qty Rate Value
1 Basic item Real Time Water
Quality Monitoring
System as per the
details of TS
10 INR 1,429,670 INR 14,530,446
(including inland
transportation and
other services)
2 Central
Receiving
Station
Central Receiving
Station at CPCB as
per the details of TS
1 INR 4,737,429 INR 4,737,429
Total
(1+2)
INR 19,267,875
3. Goods
Manufactu
red in the
Purchaser’
s Country
Real Time Water
Quality Monitoring
System as per details
of TS
1 Lot
INR 2,083,646
Central Receiving
Station at CPCB as
per the details of TS
1 Lot
INR 452,147
Total (3) INR 2,535,792

50. Details of Bid Quotation
Sl.
No.
Name of Item
Related Services
Qty. Rate Value
4.1 Installation, Testing, Calibration, and
Commissioning of RTWQMS including civil
works
LS (1
Lot)
INR 3,095,352 INR 3,095,352
4.2 Training of CPCB personnel in all activities LS (1
Lot)
INR 631,800 INR 631,800
4.3 Operation of CPCB Data Center, including
Data Collection, Data Storage, Data
Validation, Data Dissemination and servicing
of all software/ hardware
LS (1
Lot)
INR 949,806 INR 949,806
4.4 Cost of GSM/GPRS Data Transmission during
installation, testing & calibration and
warranty period
LS (1
Lot)
INR 186,030 INR 186,030
4.5 Maintenance Manuals, maintenance
database and SOP( two numbers) at each
site
LS (1
Lot)
INR 585,000 INR 585,000
4.6 O&M of the system during the two years of
warranty following the final acceptance of
the system
LS (1
Lot)
INR 10,049,375 INR 10,049,375
Total Bid Price INR 15,497,363

51. Details of Bid Quotation
Sl. No. Name of Item /AMC Rate
5.1 Hardware Maintenance (Post-Warranty Period)
5.1.1 Central Receiving Station INR 1,610,329
5.1.1 RTWQMS INR 3,732,414
5.1.3 Software Licenses & Updates INR 0
5.2 Technical Services
5.2.1 Operating & maintenance staff [to be detailed] INR 12,542,445
5.2.2 Telecommunication costs (GSM/GPRS) INR 252,720
5.2.3 Licenses, Fees Web INR 0
5.3 Other Recurrent Costs
5.3.1 Burglary Insurance for all the equipments INR 73,519
5.3.2 Fire & Natural Disaster Insurance for all equipments INR 157,238
5.3.3 Specialist Annual Consuttancy on WQ Data INR 526,500
Total Price INR 18,895,166

52. Post Warranty Related Services
Years Total
No. Component Y 3 Y 4 Y 5
1 Hardware Maintenance
(Post-Warranty Period)
1.1 Central Receiving Station INR 510,810 INR 536,351 INR 563,168 INR 1,610,329
1.2 RTWQMS INR 1,119,338 INR 1,306,538 INR 1,306,538 INR 3,732,414
2 Software Licenses &
Updates
INR 0 INR 0 INR 0 INR 0
3 Technical Services
3.1 Operating & maintenance
staff [to be detailed]
INR 3,978,571 INR 4,177,500 INR 4,386,374 INR 12,542,445
3.2 Telecommunication costs
(GSM/GPRS)
INR 84,240 INR 84,240 INR 84,240 INR 252,720
3.3 Licenses, Fees Web INR 0 INR 0 INR 0 INR 0
4 Other Recurrent Costs
4.1 Burglary Insurance for all
the equipment's
INR 25,773 INR 24,485 INR 23,261 INR 73,519
4.2 Fire & Natural Disaster
Insurance for all
equipment's
INR 55,123 INR 52,367 INR 49,749 INR 157,238
4.3 Specialist Annual
Consultancy on WQ Data
INR 175,500 INR 175,500 INR 175,500 INR 526,500
Annual Subtotals: 5,949,356 6,356,980 6,588,830
TOTAL INR 18,895,166

53. Thank You