The document discusses the five generations of computers. The first generation used vacuum tubes and introduced the concepts of binary systems and stored programs. Notable first generation computers included ENIAC and EDSAC. The second generation were smaller, faster, and more reliable than the first as they used transistors instead of vacuum tubes. Integrated circuits were introduced in the third generation from 1965-1970, greatly increasing speed and requiring lower voltages. The fourth generation from 1971-1981 saw the introduction of microprocessors like the Intel 8008 and 8080, used in early PCs. Input/output devices also advanced.

1. Vocational Training Institute Larkano
Introduction To Information
Technology
Diploma in information Technology
By: Abdul Ghafoor Kalhoro
Lecture-2

2. Employment through Skill
Generations of Computers
After the introduction of ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator the
Computer) in 1943 by S.P Eckert & T.W Mauchly, the process of
development of computer is a continues process. The development of
computer could be categorized into five generation, as compared to
previous generation new technology were as well as in the
performance with new and more applications.
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3. Employment through Skill
1st Generation
This generation can be considered by 1946, in this
generation binary system and concept of presenter
program was introduced were constructed by
vacuum tubes. ENIAC (Electronic numerical
Integrator and calculator) in 1946, EDSAC
(Electronic Delay Storage Automatic calculator) in
1951 were also first-generation computers, first
generation computer are IBM-650, IBM-705, IBM-
709 etc.
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Do You Know
A vacuum tube, electron
tube, valve, or tube, is a
device that controls electric
current flow in a high vacuum
between electrodes to which
an electric potential
difference has been applied.
Do You Know
The International Business
Machines Corporation (IBM),
nicknamed Big Blue is an
American multinational
technology corporation
headquartered in Armonk,
New York, with operations in
over 175 countries.

4. Employment through Skill
Vacuum Tube
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5. Employment through Skill
EDSAC Computer
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IBM-650

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IBM 705
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IBM 709

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2nd Generation
In this period computers became much in size, faster,
more reliable, and much greater in processing
capacities compared to first generation. Built in error
detecting devices were installed 3rd Generation The
era of this generation is only five years old i. e 1965
to 1970 (I’C) Integrated circuits are introduced in this
generation. The new solid-state circuitry increased
the speed of computer, arithmetic and logic operation
ere begins performed in micro second and even in
nano seconds, required low voltage of electricity.
More easy high level programming Languages were -
introduced. IBM-360 and Honeywell 200 were famous
computers.
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Do You Know
An integrated circuit circuit is
a set of electronic circuits on
one small flat piece of
semiconductor material,
usually silicon.

8. Employment through Skill
IBM 360
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Honeywell 200

9. Employment through Skill
3rd Generation
The era of this generation is only five years
old i. e 1965 to 1970 (I’C) Integrated circuits
are introduced in this generation. The new
solid-state circuitry increased the speed of
computer, arithmetic and logic operation
ere begins performed in microsecond and
even in nano seconds, and required low
voltage of electricity. Easier high level
programming Languages were induced.
IBM-360 and Honeywell 200 were famous
computers
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10. Employment through Skill
4th Generation
The duration of fourth generation between 1971 - 1981. In 1971
powerful processor chip INTEL 8008 was introduced, 8080 INTEL
processor was first, which used in PC. Many advanced input output
devices are also developed in this generation. This generation
based on (SSI) scale integration and were with more storage
capacity and processing speed. XT, A 286,36486, IBM AS-400 is
famous computers.
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11. Employment through Skill
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