3. It is a visible swelling at the base of the neck, just below the Adam's
apple.
Goiter can occur due to various factors, including iodine deficiency,
hormonal imbalances, and certain underlying medical conditions.
Goiter is a medical condition characterized by the abnormal
enlargement of the thyroid gland.
6. .
• Coughing or wheezing due to
pressure on the windpipe.
• Visible swelling or enlargement at
the base of the neck.
• A feeling of tightness or discomfort
in the throat.
• Difficulty swallowing or breathing.
• Hoarseness or voice changes.
7. A doctor examines the neck for any swelling or
enlargement.
Measure degree of goitre
Grade 0 No goitre
Grade 1 Palpable goitre
Grade 2 Visible goitre
8. Measure hormone levels and check for thyroid-related
disorders.
A blood sample can be used to measure the
amount of TSH produced by the pituitary gland and
how much T-4 and T-3 is produced by the thyroid
9. To visualize the thyroid gland and determine its size and
structure.
• Ultrasound
• CT scan
• MRI
10. If nodules are present, a fine-needle aspiration biopsy
may be performed to check for cancerous cells.
12. If iodine deficiency is the cause, supplementation
can help reduce the size of the goiter.
iodine ,selenium , iron, zincsupplements
Iodine
Supplements
14. Partial or complete thyroidectomy may be
required for large goiters or if cancer is suspected.
Surgery
15.
16. • Ensure sufficient iodine consumption to
address iodine deficiency, which is a
common cause of goiter.
• Consume iodized salt or use iodized salt
in cooking.
• Include iodine-rich foods in your diet,
such as seafood (fish, shrimp, seaweed),
dairy products, eggs, and iodine-fortified
foods.
17. • Focus on a well-rounded diet that
includes a variety of fruits, vegetables,
whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy
fats.
• Consume adequate amounts of essential
nutrients, including vitamins and
minerals, to support overall thyroid
health.
18. • Limit the consumption of raw or
excessive amounts of goitrogenic foods,
such as cassava, millet, peanuts, and
flaxseeds, as they can potentially
interfere with thyroid function.
• cruciferous vegetables (e.g., broccoli,
cabbage, cauliflower) ,Soy products,
including tofu and soy milk contain
goitrogenic compounds that can
interfere with thyroid function, they are
generally safe to eat in moderate
amounts.
19. • While iodine is necessary for thyroid
health, excessive iodine intake can also
contribute to goiter in certain
individuals.
• Avoid excessive consumption of iodine-
rich supplements or foods beyond
recommended daily amounts unless
directed by a healthcare professional.
