potential of energy fuel: Fossil fuel (fossil data of India) fossil fuel like natural gas, crude oil and coal fossil fuel, state-wise with Map of oil and natural gas reserves and potential resources and map of bituminous and lignite reserves (courtesy of the Coal India Limited).

1. Potential of energy fuels: Fossil fuel
Presented by:
Hemant
M.Sc. Environment studies
17001556002
CEEES (DEENBANDHU CHOTU RAM UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY, MURTHAL, SONIPAT)

2. Contents:
• Introduction
• Different types of fossil fuel
• Energy minerals in India
 Lignite and bituminous coal
 Crude oil and natural gas
Hemant

3. Hemant
Fossil fuels are hydrocarbon compounds such as coal, natural gas, and oil. They are formed
by the anaerobic decomposition of buried ancient organisms. Generally, coal forms from land
sediments, and natural gas and oil form from marine sediment. Natural gas is found
sometimes with petroleum, with coal, or by itself. Being less dense, natural gas is most often
found on top of oil pools. Fossil fuels are classified as non-renewable resources because they
take millions of years to form, and reserves are being depleted much faster than new ones are
being formed.
The first use of the term "fossil fuel" was by the German chemist Caspar Neumann, in English
translation in 1759. The burning of fossil fuels produces around 21.3 billion tonnes (21.3
gigatonnes) of carbon dioxide (CO2) per year. It is estimated that natural processes can only
absorb about half of that amount, so there is a net increase of 10.65 billion tonnes of
atmospheric carbon dioxide per year.
Introduction

4. Different types of fossil
fuel
Coal, oil and natural gas
Hemant

5. coal
• Coal deposits are primarily found in
eastern and south-central India.
Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh,
West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh,
Telangana and Maharashtra
accounted for 98.20% of the total
known coal reserves in India.
Crude Oil Natural gas
• The natural gas industry in India
began in the 1960s with the
discovery of gas fields in Assam and
Gujarat.
Hemant
• The first oil deposits in India were
discovered in 1889 near the town of
Digboi in the state of Assam.
• India was the third top net crude oil
(including crude oil products)
importer of 189 Mt in 2017.

6. Hemant
• Lignite and bituminous coal
• Crude oil and natural gas
Energy minerals in India

7. Hemant
• The coal reserves in India up to a depth of 1200 m have been estimated to be 301.56 billion
tonnes in 2014.
• Major deposits are located in the states of Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal,
Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, and Maharashtra.
• The lignite reserves in the country have been estimated to be 43.22 billion tonnes in 2014 and
have 90% of their deposit located in the state of Tamil Nadu.
• The quality of Indian coal is poor. On average, Indian power plants require 0.7 tons of coal to
produce 1 kWh whereas US power plants require 0.45 tons to produce the same (EIA, 2001).
• Demand for coal in India is dominated by the power sector (more than 70% of the total
demand). Remaining demand comes from steel industries, cement industries, and others.
• In 2013, production of coal was 571 million tons and the production of lignite was almost 27
million tons. Although India is the 3rd largest producer of coal, it needs to import coal (mainly
from Indonesia and South Africa for energy coal and Australia for coking coal) to satisfy the
growing energy needs. The steel industries require high quality coking coal for the production
of steel. The non-coking coal in India is used for the power and other industries.
Lignite and bituminous coal

8. Hemant
Figure:- Map of bituminous and lignite reserves
(courtesy of the Coal India Limited).
1: Singrauli, exploited by the Northern Coal
Limited (NCL);
2: Karanpura Bokaro, Central Coalfields Limited
(CCL);
3: Jharia, Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL);
4: Assam and Meghalaya, North Eastern Coalfields
(NEC);
5: Raniganj, Eastern Coal Limited (ECL);
6: IB and Talcher, Mahanadi Coalfields Limited
(MCL);
7: Central India, South Eastern Coalfields Limited
(SECL);
8: Pench and Kanhan, Western Coalfields Limited
(WCL);
9: Chanda and Wardha, Western Coalfields Limited
(WCL);
10: Godavari Valley, Singareni Collieries Company
Limited (SCCL);
11: Cauvery Basin
Northern Coalfields Limited (NCL);
12: Umarsar; 13: Palana; 14: Nichhom.
Hemant

9. Hemant
• The largest and oldest oil field (utilized since 1866) in India is located in Digboi, in the
state of Assam.
• The other important oil fields are located in the states of Rajasthan, Gujarat, and Bombay
High in the Arabian Sea (which is around 150 km away from the western coast of India).
• As of 2013, India has proved reserves of oil of 758.27 million tonnes. Western offshore
(which includes Bombay High oilfield) contributes to 44%, Assam to 23%, Gujarat to 18%,
and Rajasthan to 8% of the total oil reserves in India.
• Crude oil production in 2013 was 37.78 million metric tonnes out of which a majority of
this production was carried out by the Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
and the remaining by private/joint venture companies from the product sharing contract
(PSC) regime. The production of crude oil can be divided into offshore and onshore
sources. The share of production from these sources is nearly equally divided (48% for
offshore and 52% for onshore).
Crude oil and natural gas

10. Hemant
Figure 3. Map of oil and natural gas reserves and
potential resources.
1: Kutch, Saurashtra and Cambay,
2: Mumbai Offshore,
3: Kerala-Konkan-Lakshadweep,
4: Cauvery Basin,
5: Krishna-Godavari,
6: Mahanadi,
7: Bengal,
8: Assam-Arakan Fold Belt (AAFB),
9: Assam Shelf,
10: Ganga,
11: Vindhyan,
12: Rajasthan,
13: Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Hemant

11. THANK YOU!
Hemant

12. Hemant
References
• http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/uesb20 Traditional energy
resources in India (coal, crude oil, natural gas): A review
• www.slideshare.net
• www.wikipedia.org
• indiaenergy.gov.in
• www.omicsonline.org