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Essay on Clinical Psychology
Clinical psychology aims to understand, treat and prevent psychological distress and dysfunction thus to encourage good health, good adaptive thinking
and a healthy lifestyle. People working in this field research into mental dysfunction suffered by the patients, assess their cognitive state of mind and
perform psychotherapy to decrease the psychological symptoms and/ or the underlying causes.
There are many sub divisions of therapies focusing on different routes of cure/prevention. Biologically, chemotherapy and psychosurgeries are
available; but below I will discuss the treatments available psychologically. Psychologically, there are various treatments mainly the psychodynamic and
the behavioural approach. The main psychodynamic...show more content...
In contrast behaviour in the unconsciousness state lacks awareness of self and the environmental situations. In between these is the preconscious state
where thoughts from the unconscious state, that are not suppressed, thus can be brought to the conscious by slowly recalling the thoughts.
Upon this differentiation Freud discovered that these symptoms resulted from the unconscious decisions made following psychological conflicts
experienced at the present moment. One specific case, involved a young boy, who mother was asking him to sign a letter accusing the father of abusing
him, in order support her in their divorce. However the boy, knowing that both parents are of no harm couldn't decide whether to sign the letter in
favour of the mother or not to in favour of the father (unconscious psychological conflict). Thus this resulted in the boy suffering paralysis (mental
neurotic dysfunction).
Such neurosis are maladaptive behaviours, that doesn't resolve but instead avoids the under lying situation. This initiates from childhood feelings,
memories, wishes and experiences that are emotionally attached.
Freud's theory of personality defines that the psychological conflicts experienced by the individuals' link to the compromises made against the forces of
cognitive construct. Id, this form of cognitive construct is from the unconscious that follows the
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Essay about Definition of Psychology
Definition of Psychology
The term psychology comes from two Greek words: psyche, which means
1. The spirit or soul. 2. The human mind. 3. In psychoanalysis, the mind functioning as the center of thought, emotion, and behavior.
And logos, "the study of." or according to modern researches "science"
These root words were first combined in the 16th century, at a time when the human soul, spirit, or mind was seen as distinct from the body.
Definition of Psychology:
Psychology is one of the youngest sciences. It is still going through the process of its development. There has been much fierce controversy about its
definition. It has been variously defined as the science of soul,...show more content...
Great psychologist like Sigmand Freud support this fact.
The science of Behavior:
J.B. Watson described Psychology as the science of Behavior.. He said that external action or behavior is the only concern of Psychology. He totally
ignored mental processes. He said that what goes on in our mind eventually comes out as our behavior. But this is not true for all times so this was
considered incomplete.
Now a days the most comprehensive definition of Psychology is:
"Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior, and its application to solve human problems"
OR
"Psychology is the schematic study of behavior and mental processes"
This definition contains three elements. The first is that psychology is a scientific enterprise that obtains knowledge through systematic and objective
methods of observation and experimentation. Second is that psychologists study behavior, which refers to any action or reaction that can be measured
or observed–such as the blink of an eye, an increase in heart rate, or the unruly violence that often erupts in a mob. Third is that psychologists study the
mind, which refers to both conscious and unconscious mental states. These states cannot actually be seen, only inferred from
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Introduction to Psychology Essay examples
Introduction to Psychology The concern about life is a main human characteristic. No matter if his concern is concentrated in himself or in persons or
things that surround him and constitute his environment, everybody wants to know why people, himself included, behave the way they behave.
Everybody, also, wants to improve his behavior, so as to live in harmony with himself and the society. The Greek word Psychology, is a word consisted
of the words ψυχή–soul and λόγος–utterance, talk. So, generally, psychology is the science
that examines the soul. But , since the psychologists work on the problems of the personal, family, school, professional and social life, we could say,
more...show more content...
The heartbeats, the movements of our head are behavior. The way we eat, the way we drink, the way we walk, we talk, are behavior. The
construction of a bridge, the composition of a song are behavior. The fantasies of a child, the dreams of a adolescent, the illusions of an alcoholic
are behavior. Although we are all familiar with human behavior, a little do we understand or we can explain about it. Since our infancy we learn
about behavior through the experiences and the knowledge that we get by observing other people or having relations with them. Living in society
leads us to watch and try to explain the way people behave. But that is not always easy. Sometimes we cannot understand even ourselves. Psychology
comes to give answers to all this uncertainty. Therefore, according to modern psychology, the term behavior means all the conscious, unconscious,
verbal, mental and kinetic expressions of ourselves. Psychology uses statistic researches so as to distinguish the normal behavior from the abnormal
one. Such a thing is very difficult because every society has its own behavior standards, and, consequently, an act that is normal according to one
society, may be abnormal according to another. For example, polygamy is not permitted in Europe, but it is permitted in certain societies in Africa. So,
the judgement of a behavior must bear in mind the social environment in which it takes place .
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Essay on Psychology: Personality Theories
Introduction: What is Personality? Allport defines personality as 'the dynamic organisation within the individual of those psychological systems that
determine his unique adjustment to his environment' (Allport, 1937). An individual's unique personality traits and attributes are a powerful indicator of
how he/she will interact with the work environment. The difference between average and outstanding employees can often be solely personality
related. As the employee is the most valuable asset to the company, 'selecting the right employee during the process is critical' (Carbery and Cross,
2013, pp. 41–53) Traditional Theory Vs Cognitive Theory When we speak about personality, we must consider the two prominent schools of thought:
...show more content...
Differences in Personality Both nature and nurture interplay to determine personality characteristics. Nature is heredity and passed on at conception.
Nurture is that which is environmentally developed. It is innate that a baby will crawl, but he needs the support of his environment (diet, etc.) if he
is to ultimately survive. Our behaviour is the result of a combination of inborn traits and the situations in which we find ourselves. There are five
categorise which help influence personality differences. Genetically, offspring tend to take on some of the characteristics of their parents. However,
this could be due to long term exposure to the personalities of their parents rather than their genetic coding. Whether a person is male or female
determines what gender role they take on. 'Women are expected to be nurturing, attractive, emotional, weak, and subordinate to men; whereas, men
are the strong, rational, objective, and financial providers' (Loue and Sajatovic, 2007). Ones family experiences can also influence a person's
behaviour. Family experiences like: 'family size, birth order, differential parental orientations towards children' etc. will impact on the emergence of
personality as well as a person's suitability to leadership roles (Morley and Moore et al., 2004, pp. 28–52). Culture plays a very strong role in
determining what is believed to be acceptable and unacceptable
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Essay on my interest in psychology
my interest in psychology
I have always been intrigued by the mental processes of humans and animals. As a young child and into adolescence, as a student and teacher and as a
caregiver, I have always been interested in psychology in one form or another. This essay will reflect not only the development of my interest in
psychology, but the development of myself as a person.
I was born into a family with Native American heritage that practiced a strict protestant religion. As a child, I would often wonder why people's
attitudes, behaviors and beliefs could be so different from one another. I wondered why some people believed in things with great zeal, yetother people
believed the contrary just as vehemently....show more content...
I then went back to school with more determination and plunged myself into more psychology classes.
In these classes, I found myself naturally drawn to the topics of research methods and statistics. These two academic areas in particular provided an
environment in which I was able to develop and excercise my naturally analytical way of thinking. I then geared my undergraduate education towards
learning to perform research in psychology by taking more research and science based psychology classes. Additionally, I sought out and obtained
research assistantships with professors of cognition, physiological and clinical psychology. Specifically, I have been a primary research assistant for an
investigation of the effect of irony on recall and recognition, an investigation of the performance of children with and without Attention Deficit
Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on a computer anticipation task, and an investigation of the effect of Polychlorinated Biphenyls on ADHD–like
behavior in laboratory rats. I have also assisted in literature reviews in the area of receptive language and Autism, as well as a review on sleep and
genetics. In addition, I have been a participant recruiter for a research project on familial inheritance of depression and REM sleep abnormalities. For
complete information, please see my attached curriculum vitae.
While taking research–based courses, I found that I had another natural inclination:
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Essay about psychology
As described, there are 10 different perspectives of early psychology. These perspectives are: Structuralism, functionalism, Gestalt psychology,
Behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic, physiological, evolutionary, cognitive, and cultural and diversity. I will only be looking at three of these
perspectives still in common use today here is a summary of each.      The behavioral perspective "focuses on the
observable behaviors; thus it does not speculate about mental processes such as thinking." (Davis and Palladino, 2005).Unlike the other
approaches, the behavioral perspective accentuates how it is important to learn and understand and doesn't focus on coconscious. B. F. Skinner, a well
known...show more content...
Educator's and parents need to be very careful, in my opinion, when using only this approach with their children. Humanists will not label any
behavior as "bad" or "wrong" but instead they will focus on the individuals right to choose what they will do or what decision they make on their
own. In schools today I believe we place to much emphasis on making the child feel they have done well no matter the level of work they have
produced or the actions they have chosen to take. The humanistic approach can work well when trying to improve a child's self–esteem or cure shyness
but, when a child is not told they are doing something wrong how will they then learn what is considered right and wrong in society? "We've got
youngsters here now who . . . are under the authority of the school [and] are being persuaded that there is a better way, and that way is to make their
own decisions. They're being induced to make decisions about activities that the citizenry of the state have decided are wrong" (http://www.probe.org
/docs/psy–educ.html) When used in conjunction with behaviorism and cognitive psychology a child will gain a much better understanding of their
place in the world as well as what is expected of them in regards to behavior.       "Many psychologists have accepted
the cognitive perspective – where the focus is on how thought occurs, memory processes, and
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Essay on Psychologists
Psychology is the study of human behavior, how we think, feel and act. Psychologists study both normal and abnormal behavior to understand it.
Psychologists also try to use what we learn from that study to help people change aspects of their behavior that they want to change. Areas of
psychology are clinical, industrial, and developmental. Careers in Psychology offer varied opportunities.
Employment opportunities for capable psychologists are expected to be slightly better than average over the next several years. However, if you're
interested in a career in Psychology, you should know that the training program to become a psychologist is a long one. There is also stiff competition
for places in graduate training programs in Psychology....show more content...
A person with only a bachelor's degree cannot legally practice psychology in the states. They can hold psychology related positions. With a bachelor's
degree in Psychology, salary starts at about $17,000 a year.
With a doctoral degree in Psychology and one year of a supervised internship, a student can become a legal psychologist. In many states, it is
required that one pass an exam before practicing Psychology. One with a doctoral degree can have a salary of $45,000 per year, on the low end. After
schooling, the field of Psychology can expand many ways.
To give you an idea, here are some indepth looks at various fields.Some psychologists work in the health care field. They practice in hospitals,
rehabilitation facilities, and both public and private clinics. They may work individually or in teams with other health care professionals such as
physicians, nurses, social workers, and so forth. Psychologists in health care provide assessment and treatment services to persons with mental and
emotional disorder. Because of the growing body of scientific knowledge about the role of psychological factors in physical health and disease,
psychologists also play a role
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Essay about History of Psychology
Explain the reasons for the development of psychology as an academic discipline in the 19th and 20th centuries, making explicit the important turning
points and breakthroughs. In this essay I am looking at where Psychology as a discipline has come from and what affects these early ideas have had
on psychology today, Psychology as a whole has stemmed from a number of different areas of study from Physics to Biology, But the first
Psychological foundations are rooted in philosophy, which to this day propels psychological inquiry in areas such as language acquisition,
consciousness, and even vision among many others. While the great philosophical distinction between mind and body in western thought can be traced
to the Greeks, it is to...show more content...
Founded by John B Watson in 1915 the behaviourist approach studies observed behavioural responses of humans and animals. The behaviourist
approach believes we learn to behave in response to our environment, either by stimulus–response association, or as a result of reinforcement.
Behaviourists focus on the influence of the environment, they chose not to be concerned with the internal mechanisms that occur inside the
organism, they believe that your behaviour depends on what factors are present in the environment at any given time. Another big contributor to this
approach is Ivan Pavlov who was made famous for conditioning in which he used dogs in an experiment. "The behaviourist approach has been a
dominant influence in psychology, it represents one of the В‘hardcore' approaches, which has contributed a great deal to our understanding of
psychological functioning " (Malim & Birch, 1998) a common criticism of this approach is that it does not address the possible role of biological
factors in human behaviour. And also that it leaves no room for the free will of an individual. In the wake of psychoanalysis and behaviourism,
humanistic psychology emerges as the "third force" in psychology led by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. This approach came about just before the
cognitive
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Perspectives of Psychology
Perspectives of Psychology Psychology can be defined as the systematic study of mental processes, couple with behaviors, and experiences (Kalat,
2011). There are many ways in examining, mental processes and behaviors among people, and therefore psychologist uses different perspectives to
understand how human beings, think, act, and behave. Some psychologist uses one perspective to analyze behaviors, and other uses a
multidimensional approach. Carter & Seifert (2013) identified 7 major perspectives that are used to study people's behavior, and mental processes.
These perspectives are the biological, evolutionary, psychodynamic, behavioral, humanistic, cognitive, and the sociocultural perspective. Biological
perspective The...show more content...
The biological perspective, examines biological and environmental factors that shape how we learned. This perspective does not focus on subject
experiences, but objectives behaviors. Behavioral scientists are interested in how we learn from the things around us. The Humanistic perspective This
perspective assumes that we all thrive for personality growth, through mental processes and behaviors.. This perspective is different in its methodology
compare to the biological approach, and the psychodynamic approach. Both these perspectives assume that human beings are controlled by internal or
external forces. There are deterministic in nature. The humanistic perspective, promotes free will, and people can be, whatever, they envision
themselves. This perspective was influence by humanists such as Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, who emphasizes on the importance of individual
potentials. The Cognitive perspective The cognitive and biological perspective, studies how the brain influence people's behavior. To differentiate the
two, we must look at which function the brain is being studied. The biological perspective looks at physiological responses from a biological
standpoint, factors such as genes and neurotransmitters. The cognitive perspective examines, how information is being
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Essay about Psychology Theories
I chose Gestalt Psychology for my first perspective, it is how people experience objects and perceive things as a whole. Gestalt allows us to look at
everyday objects and distinguish them from their surroundings. Without the Gestalt Theory people would see every atom that made up a whole
object. As I look at my computer screen, I do not see every little atom, I see the screen as a whole. From this perspective, learning objects as a whole
instead of each individual part is beneficial because it allows us to open our minds for new learning experiences. However, there may be things in life
that do not provide enough visual clues to determine what it is supposed to be. The Functionalist Theory is based on behavior and mental life. It...show
more content...
This allows us to be able to avoid waling into a hole or hitting our head on a door. Humanistic Personality Theory is more of a behavioral theory. I
can say they both deal with the "here and now" issues though. The Functionalist Theory however is associated with the Humanistic Personality
Theory because they are both behavioral and mental theories. Functionalism is based on experiences and how it affects our current behavior. With
the Humanistic Theory and its beliefs of dealing with the present functionalism allows you to retrieve memories to help you make your decision. I
believe that functionalism also contributes to self worth. My whole life I have been achieving accomplishments, whether big or small, and it gives
me a self worth to look back at all of them. "Cognitive theory is focused on the individual's thoughts as the determinate of his or her emotions and
behaviors and therefore personality. Many cognitive theorists believe that without these thought processes, we could have no emotions and no
behavior and would therefore not function. In other words, thoughts always come before any feeling and before any action." ("Cognitive theory in,"
2004) Cognitive theory could have an effect on Gestalt Psychology because if a person has a learning disorder is can change how they perceive
things. They may not be able to distinguish every day objects for what they truly are. My six year old cousin has down syndrome.
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Essay about The Nature of Psychology
The Nature of Psychology
Psychology is the scientific study and practical application of observable behavior and mental processes of organisms. Psychology differs from
other social sciences such as: Sociology, History, or Economics, because psychology specifically deals with the study of an individual. The other
social sciences will study groups, or history. Psychology is less a science of reported findings, it attempts asks and answers questions using
observable behavior and what can be determined as mental processes of the subject. The symbol for psychology is the Greek letter "psi" (Г ). The
subject matter of psychology is, affect, behavior, and cognition. The affect for psychology is the actual mental...show more content...
The Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic perspective deals with the unconscious, a possible explanation for obesity would be that the individual has an
unconscious notion to eat when they are upset. Behavioral perspective or "learning perspective" focuses on how people learn to behave a certain way,
a behavioral psychologist would explain obesity by suggesting that consuming too much food was learned and that's why the individual is obese. The
cognitive perspective deals with information processing or how it is stored and retrieved; obesity would be explained by looking at the judgment to
eat more food. Biological perspective focuses on the body's events and the effect on behaviors, thoughts, and feelings, genetic pre–disposition would be
considered when looking at obesity, "Does it run in the family?". The humanistic emphasizes on individual potential, and assumes that all people are
essentially good, obesity would be considered from a self–esteem perspective, and does the individual have such low self–esteem that food is
consumed at rapid and abnormal rates.
Importance of Psychology
Psychology is important because it is relevant in our daily lives and it has practical applications in the real world. Psychology could be used to
explain why an individual is sleep deprived, and it also would be able to explain what effects that sleep deprivation would have on the individual.
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A Career as a Psychologist Essay
Psychologists are very important people; they help millions of people with their everyday struggles and problems that they have to deal with. Not
only do psychologists help people with problems that they cannot handle on their own, they also are scientists who study human minds and
behaviors. With being a psychologist, there are many different careers to choose from within this profession (Explore Health Careers). The first type
of psychologists to choose from is a clinical psychologist. Clinical psychologists help people with counseling and psychotherapy. They work with
people who have all around life problems, such as new adjustments in life. Clinical psychologists also help people who have emotional disorders or
...show more content...
They also provide consolation to courts and attorneys in different types of legal proceedings (Psyris). Next is an organization psychologist, which helps
in the productivity of groups and individuals in a workplace. These types of psychologists focus on improving the function of organizations, and to keep
individuals healthy within the organization (Psyris). Another type of psychology to choose from is a counseling psychologist. These are important
psychologists because they teach people how to deal with their everyday problems. They help their patients determine their problems and help them
understand the problems they are facing. Not only do counseling psychologists help their patients with the issues they are experiencing at home but
also in their workplace or their community in general. By helping their patients identify their strengths and resources, is how counseling psychologists
help them with their problems (Bureau of Labor Statistics). The next type of psychology is the developmental psychologist. Developmental
psychologists work with psychological processes and development that takes place throughout life. They study aging and problems the elderly may
face, but this type of psychologist mainly focuses on children and adolescents (Bureau of Labor Statistics). The last type of psychologist to choose
from is the social
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Psychology is the study of behavior and the mental process. The mental process is the steps the mind takes to think, feel, etc., while behavior is just
simply how one acts. In the beginning, philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle wrote about the relationship of the body and the soul. Psychologists
and medical doctors wondered about the connection between the body and the brain whereas philosophers tried to explain the connections between the
mind and the body. Psychologists study the process of sense, perception, thinking, learning, cognition, personality, behavior, and emotions and
motivations, abnormal behavior, interactions between individuals, and interactions with the environment. In 1879, Wilhelm Wundt opened the Institute
for...show more content...
In order to figure out something, you must first understand it. Therefore, psychology's first goal is description. Description is naming and classifying
specific behavior. It is based on careful, organized procedure as opposed to careless description of common sense. It involves figuring out what
exactly is happening and studying every little detail about it such as where it normally happens, to whom it happens to, and under what conditions it
seems to happen. The specific job of a psychologist is to study and carefully observe everything about their patient. Psychologists have to think
outside of the box. They should be able to characterize how they act and think in certain situations. I chose to use these goals to investigate autism.
The earliest signs of autism involve the lack of normal behavior. Psychologists have found that some autistic infants do not respond to cuddling, reach
out to be picked up, or look at their mothers when being fed. As children get older, the signs become more diverse. Some of these signs include:
impaired vision, preference for aloneness, insistence for sameness, liking for routines, abnormal motor and sensory responses such as repetitive
movements or over–responding to sensory stimulation, social development, communication difficulties, and effects in education. Psychology's second
goal is explanation. Explanation simply proposes reasons or suggestions that such
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Essay about Behavior Psychology
Behavior Psychology Psychology is defined as a science that focuses on the study of and to explain the way human's think, behave, and feel. The
behaviourist school of psychology is concerned with the explanation of behaviour through observable outcomes without making reference to mental
events. Behaviourism is very narrow and can be strongly objected in its approach to psychology as it does not consider the mental thought process
involvement in behaviour. This school of psychology is very much about nurture rather than...show more content...
The belief is that human behaviour can be trained because human emotions are so malleable therefore personality is forever changeable (Cohen, 1979).
Behaviour is simply a reaction to a stimulus which once learned becomes part of learned habit. It was also believed learning occurs through the
reinforcement of certain aspects of the situation. Reinforcement is when something is added to the situation which makes the same reaction in that
situation more likely in future (McInerney, 1998). The belief was that most of behaviour is a result of what has been learnt, which is to say that it is the
result of the environment rather than biological influences. Therefore the study of learning and the conditions under which it occurs is the core project
of behaviourism (Tennant, 1997) Behaviouristic therapy is aimed at the modification of behaviour especially undesirable ones by mainly reinforcing
the desirable behaviour and suppressing or punishing the undesirable and unwanted behaviour. Once the therapist has identified the behaviour and
triggering factors they may employ several techniques to condition or recondition the person's behaviour. These methods of therapy have been derived
and adapted by experiments done by earlier behaviourists such as Pavlov, Watson and Skinner. Methods used today
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Essay on Psychology Class Reflection
Over the course of this class I have pieced together many things about my own life that before went unnoticed. I am now able to see things in a bit
of a different light. Now that I have been introduced to the realm of psychology I understand some of the reasons for behavior around me. I have
learned that there is a reason for most everything and a lot of our behaviors and mental processes can be explained through psychology. Studies have
been conducted for many years to try and pinpoint the source of our behavior and it is not something that most people think about every day. Having a
better understanding of why we operate the way we do will help me to better understand myself and the others around me. Our behavior at...show more
content...
role confusion stage. (Gerrig & Zimbardo, 2009) It is a coping mechanism that probably stems from his childhood in some way. This is just one
example of how I am seeing the world from a more psychological perspective. I now try and form some theory about abnormal behavior rather that
just shrugging it off. While I have not really had any experience with anyone with any very serious psychological conditions I see now that there is
much more than meets the eye when it comes to their behavior. There is typically some sort of explanation that can be found in psychology and I
think if everyone had a basic understanding of psychology they would understand the abnormal behavior a little better. After this introduction to
psychology I can now also better understand my behavior and understand the things that are affecting my life. There are certain aspects in my life
that limit me from making the choices I may prefer to make. I have obligations and responsibilities that I must maintain in order to provide a
decent life for my family. There is much at stake for me and I cannot always just do whatever it is that I would like to do. As a child I was raised in
a house where honesty was the key. It has been instilled in my life and to this day I know the right thing to do is to be honest. My parents were very
good at instilling a since of honor in me. I am still not sure how they did it but I know it affected the decisions that I made and make today. I was always
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Essay about Psychology is a Science
Psychology is definitely not what I thought it was. It is not just a therapist wanting to take your money and not do anything for it. Psychology is an
exact science that uses the scientific method to figure out problems. Things like astrology and graphology are not a real science, they do not use true
science to deduct things and find a true answer.
There are a lot of different ideas within the history of psychology. There was Structuralism, which focused on the structure of the mind. Fuctionalism
believed in adapting to ones environment, Gesalt Psychology, focusing on the whole rather than the parts, Behaviorism, no studying of the mental
processes, only behaviors, and Psychoanalysis, which only focused on the unconscious mind.
There...show more content...
Behavioral view in which our behavior is primarily shaped by our learning. Trait view, the results from our own special combination of traits. And
Sociocultural view, behavior is influenced by our culture and social experiences.
The psychology world is changing rapidly. More and more people are getting their education in psychology. There are five different types of
psychological research.
1.Experiments. The researcher controls all the conditions of an experiment.
2.Correlational studies. No experimental manipulation, only study of the relationships between the variables.
3.Surveys. Opinions, responses, etc.
4.Naturalistic Observations. Research of people or animals in their own home surroundings.
5.Case Studies. Involving either one individual, or at most, a few.
Bias come up a lot too in psychology. There are personal bias?, which involve your beliefs, opinions, preferences, etc. These can cause people to ignore
data that they otherwise would?ve counted. Then there is expectancy bias?. This can be telling someone to expect something before it happens so that
they assume something and come to flawed conclusions.
Basically, psychology is all around us and everything we do or say can be from a deeper place than we realize. A simple smile at someone else can
tell you how they are feeling simply by seeing the reaction on their face. Although you may not think it?s
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Persuasive Essay About Psychology
Imagine that a friend of yours heard that you were taking a psychology class. Your friend asks you. "Why are you wasting your time with that class?
I never took a psych class but it seems like a waste of time. It seems like other fields are more important." Write a short dialogue where you either
agree or disagree with your friend about the importance of psychology. In your dialogue, include at least two pieces of evidence that support your
argument. Friend: I heard you are taking a psychology class.
Me: Yeah! Why?
Friend: Why are you wasting your time with that class? I never took a psych class but it seems like a waste of time. It seems like other fields are more
important.
Me: You can think what you wish, but the psychology field has many different branches that are beneficial to society. In psychology, we have learned
many different tools that could be used in the real world.
Friend: Like what?
Me: First, psychology has many different roots and main schools of thought. A few of them are behaviorism, cognitive, humanistic, and neuroscience.
Friend: Well, how does that make psychology more important than other fields?
Me: The main schools of thought look into many different aspects of the brain, behavior and other things of that nature. I think that it is very helpful to
understand and know how people function, think, and act, especially because we all have to live together.
Friend: Okay. I see where you're coming from but I am not sure I can fully agree with you
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Psychology : Psychology And Psychology
In the future, I ultimately intend to be a psychologist. With being a psychologist, I am taking on the responsibility on how to lead people into having an
overall better life and promote positive change for them. Psychologists often specialize in studying and examining the brain and human behavior. That
being said, psychology is a very important branch of science that attempts to help us stay sane!
Already getting started next year, I enrolled into a psychology class to get a jumpstart for when I go into college. I chose to enroll into the
psychology class because the human mind is something that is very complex and diverse. By me taking this class, I am partially more ahead and more
taught than that of a student who doesn't take the class. And that way, when I get into the psychology major, I have a small intake of what it is all about.
Once I'm done with taking the high school courses of psychology, I plan on going to the University of California, Los Angeles to further continue my
soon–to–be career. Researching the top ranked colleges of the psychology major, UCLA is ranked number 2! Me being in the psychology classes
might possibly give me a better look into wanting to study at the number 2 ranked college for psychology, so it should be a win–win situation.
In order to become a psychologist, there are certain classes that you have to enroll in. The required classes that you have to take into having the
psychology major are statistics, experimental methods/research
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Theories Of Contemporary Psychology
There are various different approaches in contemporary psychology. It is important to be informed about the 3 contemporary approaches that will be
investigated in this Essay. This essay will provide basic assumptions, one major theory of each contemporary approach and Include strengths and
weaknesses of the three approaches; Psychodynamic, Behaviourism, and Humanistic. Each of these approaches studies psychology from a different
perspective. The psychodynamic approach studies the personality in terms of conscious and unconscious forces, such as unconscious desires and
beliefs. The behaviourist approach is concerned primarily with the observable and measurable aspects of human behaviour. human behaviour is
learned, thus all behaviour can be...show more content...
Abraham Maslow, an American psychologist and a founder of humanistic psychology who developed the Hierarchy of needs. Maslow's hierarchy of
needs is a description of the needs that motivate human behaviour. In 1943, Abraham Maslow proposed five different kinds of human needs,
beginning with the most basic: survival. Physiological needs, such as food and shelter, are followed by needs related to safety. Next, there are needs
of love and belonging. Fourth, humans have needs of esteem, such as the need for being respected. The final need in the hierarchy is the need for
self–actualization (fulfilling one's potential). The hierarchy suggests that basic needs must be met prior to less basic needs; for example, a starving
person will seek food before self–actualization.
Assumptions: One of the main assumptions of the humanistic approach is that humans have free will; not all behavior is determined, while the
Behaviourism approach is concerned with observable behaviour. Therefore, people have no free will.
Strengths: Behaviorism is based upon observable behaviors, so it is easier to quantify and collect data and information when conducting research.
Weakness: a weakness of the Humanism approach is that it does not have a very scientific basis compared to the behaviorism
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Essay On Clinical Psychology

  • 1. Essay on Clinical Psychology Clinical psychology aims to understand, treat and prevent psychological distress and dysfunction thus to encourage good health, good adaptive thinking and a healthy lifestyle. People working in this field research into mental dysfunction suffered by the patients, assess their cognitive state of mind and perform psychotherapy to decrease the psychological symptoms and/ or the underlying causes. There are many sub divisions of therapies focusing on different routes of cure/prevention. Biologically, chemotherapy and psychosurgeries are available; but below I will discuss the treatments available psychologically. Psychologically, there are various treatments mainly the psychodynamic and the behavioural approach. The main psychodynamic...show more content... In contrast behaviour in the unconsciousness state lacks awareness of self and the environmental situations. In between these is the preconscious state where thoughts from the unconscious state, that are not suppressed, thus can be brought to the conscious by slowly recalling the thoughts. Upon this differentiation Freud discovered that these symptoms resulted from the unconscious decisions made following psychological conflicts experienced at the present moment. One specific case, involved a young boy, who mother was asking him to sign a letter accusing the father of abusing him, in order support her in their divorce. However the boy, knowing that both parents are of no harm couldn't decide whether to sign the letter in favour of the mother or not to in favour of the father (unconscious psychological conflict). Thus this resulted in the boy suffering paralysis (mental neurotic dysfunction). Such neurosis are maladaptive behaviours, that doesn't resolve but instead avoids the under lying situation. This initiates from childhood feelings, memories, wishes and experiences that are emotionally attached. Freud's theory of personality defines that the psychological conflicts experienced by the individuals' link to the compromises made against the forces of cognitive construct. Id, this form of cognitive construct is from the unconscious that follows the Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 2. Essay about Definition of Psychology Definition of Psychology The term psychology comes from two Greek words: psyche, which means 1. The spirit or soul. 2. The human mind. 3. In psychoanalysis, the mind functioning as the center of thought, emotion, and behavior. And logos, "the study of." or according to modern researches "science" These root words were first combined in the 16th century, at a time when the human soul, spirit, or mind was seen as distinct from the body. Definition of Psychology: Psychology is one of the youngest sciences. It is still going through the process of its development. There has been much fierce controversy about its definition. It has been variously defined as the science of soul,...show more content... Great psychologist like Sigmand Freud support this fact. The science of Behavior: J.B. Watson described Psychology as the science of Behavior.. He said that external action or behavior is the only concern of Psychology. He totally ignored mental processes. He said that what goes on in our mind eventually comes out as our behavior. But this is not true for all times so this was considered incomplete. Now a days the most comprehensive definition of Psychology is: "Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior, and its application to solve human problems"
  • 3. OR "Psychology is the schematic study of behavior and mental processes" This definition contains three elements. The first is that psychology is a scientific enterprise that obtains knowledge through systematic and objective methods of observation and experimentation. Second is that psychologists study behavior, which refers to any action or reaction that can be measured or observed–such as the blink of an eye, an increase in heart rate, or the unruly violence that often erupts in a mob. Third is that psychologists study the mind, which refers to both conscious and unconscious mental states. These states cannot actually be seen, only inferred from Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 4. Introduction to Psychology Essay examples Introduction to Psychology The concern about life is a main human characteristic. No matter if his concern is concentrated in himself or in persons or things that surround him and constitute his environment, everybody wants to know why people, himself included, behave the way they behave. Everybody, also, wants to improve his behavior, so as to live in harmony with himself and the society. The Greek word Psychology, is a word consisted of the words ψυχή–soul and λόγος–utterance, talk. So, generally, psychology is the science that examines the soul. But , since the psychologists work on the problems of the personal, family, school, professional and social life, we could say, more...show more content... The heartbeats, the movements of our head are behavior. The way we eat, the way we drink, the way we walk, we talk, are behavior. The construction of a bridge, the composition of a song are behavior. The fantasies of a child, the dreams of a adolescent, the illusions of an alcoholic are behavior. Although we are all familiar with human behavior, a little do we understand or we can explain about it. Since our infancy we learn about behavior through the experiences and the knowledge that we get by observing other people or having relations with them. Living in society leads us to watch and try to explain the way people behave. But that is not always easy. Sometimes we cannot understand even ourselves. Psychology comes to give answers to all this uncertainty. Therefore, according to modern psychology, the term behavior means all the conscious, unconscious, verbal, mental and kinetic expressions of ourselves. Psychology uses statistic researches so as to distinguish the normal behavior from the abnormal one. Such a thing is very difficult because every society has its own behavior standards, and, consequently, an act that is normal according to one society, may be abnormal according to another. For example, polygamy is not permitted in Europe, but it is permitted in certain societies in Africa. So, the judgement of a behavior must bear in mind the social environment in which it takes place . Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 5. Essay on Psychology: Personality Theories Introduction: What is Personality? Allport defines personality as 'the dynamic organisation within the individual of those psychological systems that determine his unique adjustment to his environment' (Allport, 1937). An individual's unique personality traits and attributes are a powerful indicator of how he/she will interact with the work environment. The difference between average and outstanding employees can often be solely personality related. As the employee is the most valuable asset to the company, 'selecting the right employee during the process is critical' (Carbery and Cross, 2013, pp. 41–53) Traditional Theory Vs Cognitive Theory When we speak about personality, we must consider the two prominent schools of thought: ...show more content... Differences in Personality Both nature and nurture interplay to determine personality characteristics. Nature is heredity and passed on at conception. Nurture is that which is environmentally developed. It is innate that a baby will crawl, but he needs the support of his environment (diet, etc.) if he is to ultimately survive. Our behaviour is the result of a combination of inborn traits and the situations in which we find ourselves. There are five categorise which help influence personality differences. Genetically, offspring tend to take on some of the characteristics of their parents. However, this could be due to long term exposure to the personalities of their parents rather than their genetic coding. Whether a person is male or female determines what gender role they take on. 'Women are expected to be nurturing, attractive, emotional, weak, and subordinate to men; whereas, men are the strong, rational, objective, and financial providers' (Loue and Sajatovic, 2007). Ones family experiences can also influence a person's behaviour. Family experiences like: 'family size, birth order, differential parental orientations towards children' etc. will impact on the emergence of personality as well as a person's suitability to leadership roles (Morley and Moore et al., 2004, pp. 28–52). Culture plays a very strong role in determining what is believed to be acceptable and unacceptable Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 6. Essay on my interest in psychology my interest in psychology I have always been intrigued by the mental processes of humans and animals. As a young child and into adolescence, as a student and teacher and as a caregiver, I have always been interested in psychology in one form or another. This essay will reflect not only the development of my interest in psychology, but the development of myself as a person. I was born into a family with Native American heritage that practiced a strict protestant religion. As a child, I would often wonder why people's attitudes, behaviors and beliefs could be so different from one another. I wondered why some people believed in things with great zeal, yetother people believed the contrary just as vehemently....show more content... I then went back to school with more determination and plunged myself into more psychology classes. In these classes, I found myself naturally drawn to the topics of research methods and statistics. These two academic areas in particular provided an environment in which I was able to develop and excercise my naturally analytical way of thinking. I then geared my undergraduate education towards learning to perform research in psychology by taking more research and science based psychology classes. Additionally, I sought out and obtained research assistantships with professors of cognition, physiological and clinical psychology. Specifically, I have been a primary research assistant for an investigation of the effect of irony on recall and recognition, an investigation of the performance of children with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on a computer anticipation task, and an investigation of the effect of Polychlorinated Biphenyls on ADHD–like behavior in laboratory rats. I have also assisted in literature reviews in the area of receptive language and Autism, as well as a review on sleep and genetics. In addition, I have been a participant recruiter for a research project on familial inheritance of depression and REM sleep abnormalities. For complete information, please see my attached curriculum vitae.
  • 7. While taking research–based courses, I found that I had another natural inclination: Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 8. Essay about psychology As described, there are 10 different perspectives of early psychology. These perspectives are: Structuralism, functionalism, Gestalt psychology, Behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic, physiological, evolutionary, cognitive, and cultural and diversity. I will only be looking at three of these perspectives still in common use today here is a summary of each.      The behavioral perspective "focuses on the observable behaviors; thus it does not speculate about mental processes such as thinking." (Davis and Palladino, 2005).Unlike the other approaches, the behavioral perspective accentuates how it is important to learn and understand and doesn't focus on coconscious. B. F. Skinner, a well known...show more content... Educator's and parents need to be very careful, in my opinion, when using only this approach with their children. Humanists will not label any behavior as "bad" or "wrong" but instead they will focus on the individuals right to choose what they will do or what decision they make on their own. In schools today I believe we place to much emphasis on making the child feel they have done well no matter the level of work they have produced or the actions they have chosen to take. The humanistic approach can work well when trying to improve a child's self–esteem or cure shyness but, when a child is not told they are doing something wrong how will they then learn what is considered right and wrong in society? "We've got youngsters here now who . . . are under the authority of the school [and] are being persuaded that there is a better way, and that way is to make their own decisions. They're being induced to make decisions about activities that the citizenry of the state have decided are wrong" (http://www.probe.org /docs/psy–educ.html) When used in conjunction with behaviorism and cognitive psychology a child will gain a much better understanding of their place in the world as well as what is expected of them in regards to behavior.       "Many psychologists have accepted the cognitive perspective – where the focus is on how thought occurs, memory processes, and Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 9. Essay on Psychologists Psychology is the study of human behavior, how we think, feel and act. Psychologists study both normal and abnormal behavior to understand it. Psychologists also try to use what we learn from that study to help people change aspects of their behavior that they want to change. Areas of psychology are clinical, industrial, and developmental. Careers in Psychology offer varied opportunities. Employment opportunities for capable psychologists are expected to be slightly better than average over the next several years. However, if you're interested in a career in Psychology, you should know that the training program to become a psychologist is a long one. There is also stiff competition for places in graduate training programs in Psychology....show more content... A person with only a bachelor's degree cannot legally practice psychology in the states. They can hold psychology related positions. With a bachelor's degree in Psychology, salary starts at about $17,000 a year. With a doctoral degree in Psychology and one year of a supervised internship, a student can become a legal psychologist. In many states, it is required that one pass an exam before practicing Psychology. One with a doctoral degree can have a salary of $45,000 per year, on the low end. After schooling, the field of Psychology can expand many ways. To give you an idea, here are some indepth looks at various fields.Some psychologists work in the health care field. They practice in hospitals, rehabilitation facilities, and both public and private clinics. They may work individually or in teams with other health care professionals such as physicians, nurses, social workers, and so forth. Psychologists in health care provide assessment and treatment services to persons with mental and emotional disorder. Because of the growing body of scientific knowledge about the role of psychological factors in physical health and disease, psychologists also play a role Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 10. Essay about History of Psychology Explain the reasons for the development of psychology as an academic discipline in the 19th and 20th centuries, making explicit the important turning points and breakthroughs. In this essay I am looking at where Psychology as a discipline has come from and what affects these early ideas have had on psychology today, Psychology as a whole has stemmed from a number of different areas of study from Physics to Biology, But the first Psychological foundations are rooted in philosophy, which to this day propels psychological inquiry in areas such as language acquisition, consciousness, and even vision among many others. While the great philosophical distinction between mind and body in western thought can be traced to the Greeks, it is to...show more content... Founded by John B Watson in 1915 the behaviourist approach studies observed behavioural responses of humans and animals. The behaviourist approach believes we learn to behave in response to our environment, either by stimulus–response association, or as a result of reinforcement. Behaviourists focus on the influence of the environment, they chose not to be concerned with the internal mechanisms that occur inside the organism, they believe that your behaviour depends on what factors are present in the environment at any given time. Another big contributor to this approach is Ivan Pavlov who was made famous for conditioning in which he used dogs in an experiment. "The behaviourist approach has been a dominant influence in psychology, it represents one of the В‘hardcore' approaches, which has contributed a great deal to our understanding of psychological functioning " (Malim & Birch, 1998) a common criticism of this approach is that it does not address the possible role of biological factors in human behaviour. And also that it leaves no room for the free will of an individual. In the wake of psychoanalysis and behaviourism, humanistic psychology emerges as the "third force" in psychology led by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. This approach came about just before the cognitive Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 11. Perspectives of Psychology Perspectives of Psychology Psychology can be defined as the systematic study of mental processes, couple with behaviors, and experiences (Kalat, 2011). There are many ways in examining, mental processes and behaviors among people, and therefore psychologist uses different perspectives to understand how human beings, think, act, and behave. Some psychologist uses one perspective to analyze behaviors, and other uses a multidimensional approach. Carter & Seifert (2013) identified 7 major perspectives that are used to study people's behavior, and mental processes. These perspectives are the biological, evolutionary, psychodynamic, behavioral, humanistic, cognitive, and the sociocultural perspective. Biological perspective The...show more content... The biological perspective, examines biological and environmental factors that shape how we learned. This perspective does not focus on subject experiences, but objectives behaviors. Behavioral scientists are interested in how we learn from the things around us. The Humanistic perspective This perspective assumes that we all thrive for personality growth, through mental processes and behaviors.. This perspective is different in its methodology compare to the biological approach, and the psychodynamic approach. Both these perspectives assume that human beings are controlled by internal or external forces. There are deterministic in nature. The humanistic perspective, promotes free will, and people can be, whatever, they envision themselves. This perspective was influence by humanists such as Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, who emphasizes on the importance of individual potentials. The Cognitive perspective The cognitive and biological perspective, studies how the brain influence people's behavior. To differentiate the two, we must look at which function the brain is being studied. The biological perspective looks at physiological responses from a biological standpoint, factors such as genes and neurotransmitters. The cognitive perspective examines, how information is being Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 12. Essay about Psychology Theories I chose Gestalt Psychology for my first perspective, it is how people experience objects and perceive things as a whole. Gestalt allows us to look at everyday objects and distinguish them from their surroundings. Without the Gestalt Theory people would see every atom that made up a whole object. As I look at my computer screen, I do not see every little atom, I see the screen as a whole. From this perspective, learning objects as a whole instead of each individual part is beneficial because it allows us to open our minds for new learning experiences. However, there may be things in life that do not provide enough visual clues to determine what it is supposed to be. The Functionalist Theory is based on behavior and mental life. It...show more content... This allows us to be able to avoid waling into a hole or hitting our head on a door. Humanistic Personality Theory is more of a behavioral theory. I can say they both deal with the "here and now" issues though. The Functionalist Theory however is associated with the Humanistic Personality Theory because they are both behavioral and mental theories. Functionalism is based on experiences and how it affects our current behavior. With the Humanistic Theory and its beliefs of dealing with the present functionalism allows you to retrieve memories to help you make your decision. I believe that functionalism also contributes to self worth. My whole life I have been achieving accomplishments, whether big or small, and it gives me a self worth to look back at all of them. "Cognitive theory is focused on the individual's thoughts as the determinate of his or her emotions and behaviors and therefore personality. Many cognitive theorists believe that without these thought processes, we could have no emotions and no behavior and would therefore not function. In other words, thoughts always come before any feeling and before any action." ("Cognitive theory in," 2004) Cognitive theory could have an effect on Gestalt Psychology because if a person has a learning disorder is can change how they perceive things. They may not be able to distinguish every day objects for what they truly are. My six year old cousin has down syndrome. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 13. Essay about The Nature of Psychology The Nature of Psychology Psychology is the scientific study and practical application of observable behavior and mental processes of organisms. Psychology differs from other social sciences such as: Sociology, History, or Economics, because psychology specifically deals with the study of an individual. The other social sciences will study groups, or history. Psychology is less a science of reported findings, it attempts asks and answers questions using observable behavior and what can be determined as mental processes of the subject. The symbol for psychology is the Greek letter "psi" (Г ). The subject matter of psychology is, affect, behavior, and cognition. The affect for psychology is the actual mental...show more content... The Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic perspective deals with the unconscious, a possible explanation for obesity would be that the individual has an unconscious notion to eat when they are upset. Behavioral perspective or "learning perspective" focuses on how people learn to behave a certain way, a behavioral psychologist would explain obesity by suggesting that consuming too much food was learned and that's why the individual is obese. The cognitive perspective deals with information processing or how it is stored and retrieved; obesity would be explained by looking at the judgment to eat more food. Biological perspective focuses on the body's events and the effect on behaviors, thoughts, and feelings, genetic pre–disposition would be considered when looking at obesity, "Does it run in the family?". The humanistic emphasizes on individual potential, and assumes that all people are essentially good, obesity would be considered from a self–esteem perspective, and does the individual have such low self–esteem that food is consumed at rapid and abnormal rates. Importance of Psychology Psychology is important because it is relevant in our daily lives and it has practical applications in the real world. Psychology could be used to explain why an individual is sleep deprived, and it also would be able to explain what effects that sleep deprivation would have on the individual. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 14. A Career as a Psychologist Essay Psychologists are very important people; they help millions of people with their everyday struggles and problems that they have to deal with. Not only do psychologists help people with problems that they cannot handle on their own, they also are scientists who study human minds and behaviors. With being a psychologist, there are many different careers to choose from within this profession (Explore Health Careers). The first type of psychologists to choose from is a clinical psychologist. Clinical psychologists help people with counseling and psychotherapy. They work with people who have all around life problems, such as new adjustments in life. Clinical psychologists also help people who have emotional disorders or ...show more content... They also provide consolation to courts and attorneys in different types of legal proceedings (Psyris). Next is an organization psychologist, which helps in the productivity of groups and individuals in a workplace. These types of psychologists focus on improving the function of organizations, and to keep individuals healthy within the organization (Psyris). Another type of psychology to choose from is a counseling psychologist. These are important psychologists because they teach people how to deal with their everyday problems. They help their patients determine their problems and help them understand the problems they are facing. Not only do counseling psychologists help their patients with the issues they are experiencing at home but also in their workplace or their community in general. By helping their patients identify their strengths and resources, is how counseling psychologists help them with their problems (Bureau of Labor Statistics). The next type of psychology is the developmental psychologist. Developmental psychologists work with psychological processes and development that takes place throughout life. They study aging and problems the elderly may face, but this type of psychologist mainly focuses on children and adolescents (Bureau of Labor Statistics). The last type of psychologist to choose from is the social Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 15. Psychology is the study of behavior and the mental process. The mental process is the steps the mind takes to think, feel, etc., while behavior is just simply how one acts. In the beginning, philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle wrote about the relationship of the body and the soul. Psychologists and medical doctors wondered about the connection between the body and the brain whereas philosophers tried to explain the connections between the mind and the body. Psychologists study the process of sense, perception, thinking, learning, cognition, personality, behavior, and emotions and motivations, abnormal behavior, interactions between individuals, and interactions with the environment. In 1879, Wilhelm Wundt opened the Institute for...show more content... In order to figure out something, you must first understand it. Therefore, psychology's first goal is description. Description is naming and classifying specific behavior. It is based on careful, organized procedure as opposed to careless description of common sense. It involves figuring out what exactly is happening and studying every little detail about it such as where it normally happens, to whom it happens to, and under what conditions it seems to happen. The specific job of a psychologist is to study and carefully observe everything about their patient. Psychologists have to think outside of the box. They should be able to characterize how they act and think in certain situations. I chose to use these goals to investigate autism. The earliest signs of autism involve the lack of normal behavior. Psychologists have found that some autistic infants do not respond to cuddling, reach out to be picked up, or look at their mothers when being fed. As children get older, the signs become more diverse. Some of these signs include: impaired vision, preference for aloneness, insistence for sameness, liking for routines, abnormal motor and sensory responses such as repetitive movements or over–responding to sensory stimulation, social development, communication difficulties, and effects in education. Psychology's second goal is explanation. Explanation simply proposes reasons or suggestions that such Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 16. Essay about Behavior Psychology Behavior Psychology Psychology is defined as a science that focuses on the study of and to explain the way human's think, behave, and feel. The behaviourist school of psychology is concerned with the explanation of behaviour through observable outcomes without making reference to mental events. Behaviourism is very narrow and can be strongly objected in its approach to psychology as it does not consider the mental thought process involvement in behaviour. This school of psychology is very much about nurture rather than...show more content... The belief is that human behaviour can be trained because human emotions are so malleable therefore personality is forever changeable (Cohen, 1979). Behaviour is simply a reaction to a stimulus which once learned becomes part of learned habit. It was also believed learning occurs through the reinforcement of certain aspects of the situation. Reinforcement is when something is added to the situation which makes the same reaction in that situation more likely in future (McInerney, 1998). The belief was that most of behaviour is a result of what has been learnt, which is to say that it is the result of the environment rather than biological influences. Therefore the study of learning and the conditions under which it occurs is the core project of behaviourism (Tennant, 1997) Behaviouristic therapy is aimed at the modification of behaviour especially undesirable ones by mainly reinforcing the desirable behaviour and suppressing or punishing the undesirable and unwanted behaviour. Once the therapist has identified the behaviour and triggering factors they may employ several techniques to condition or recondition the person's behaviour. These methods of therapy have been derived and adapted by experiments done by earlier behaviourists such as Pavlov, Watson and Skinner. Methods used today Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 17. Essay on Psychology Class Reflection Over the course of this class I have pieced together many things about my own life that before went unnoticed. I am now able to see things in a bit of a different light. Now that I have been introduced to the realm of psychology I understand some of the reasons for behavior around me. I have learned that there is a reason for most everything and a lot of our behaviors and mental processes can be explained through psychology. Studies have been conducted for many years to try and pinpoint the source of our behavior and it is not something that most people think about every day. Having a better understanding of why we operate the way we do will help me to better understand myself and the others around me. Our behavior at...show more content... role confusion stage. (Gerrig & Zimbardo, 2009) It is a coping mechanism that probably stems from his childhood in some way. This is just one example of how I am seeing the world from a more psychological perspective. I now try and form some theory about abnormal behavior rather that just shrugging it off. While I have not really had any experience with anyone with any very serious psychological conditions I see now that there is much more than meets the eye when it comes to their behavior. There is typically some sort of explanation that can be found in psychology and I think if everyone had a basic understanding of psychology they would understand the abnormal behavior a little better. After this introduction to psychology I can now also better understand my behavior and understand the things that are affecting my life. There are certain aspects in my life that limit me from making the choices I may prefer to make. I have obligations and responsibilities that I must maintain in order to provide a decent life for my family. There is much at stake for me and I cannot always just do whatever it is that I would like to do. As a child I was raised in a house where honesty was the key. It has been instilled in my life and to this day I know the right thing to do is to be honest. My parents were very good at instilling a since of honor in me. I am still not sure how they did it but I know it affected the decisions that I made and make today. I was always Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 18. Essay about Psychology is a Science Psychology is definitely not what I thought it was. It is not just a therapist wanting to take your money and not do anything for it. Psychology is an exact science that uses the scientific method to figure out problems. Things like astrology and graphology are not a real science, they do not use true science to deduct things and find a true answer. There are a lot of different ideas within the history of psychology. There was Structuralism, which focused on the structure of the mind. Fuctionalism believed in adapting to ones environment, Gesalt Psychology, focusing on the whole rather than the parts, Behaviorism, no studying of the mental processes, only behaviors, and Psychoanalysis, which only focused on the unconscious mind. There...show more content... Behavioral view in which our behavior is primarily shaped by our learning. Trait view, the results from our own special combination of traits. And Sociocultural view, behavior is influenced by our culture and social experiences. The psychology world is changing rapidly. More and more people are getting their education in psychology. There are five different types of psychological research. 1.Experiments. The researcher controls all the conditions of an experiment. 2.Correlational studies. No experimental manipulation, only study of the relationships between the variables. 3.Surveys. Opinions, responses, etc. 4.Naturalistic Observations. Research of people or animals in their own home surroundings. 5.Case Studies. Involving either one individual, or at most, a few. Bias come up a lot too in psychology. There are personal bias?, which involve your beliefs, opinions, preferences, etc. These can cause people to ignore data that they otherwise would?ve counted. Then there is expectancy bias?. This can be telling someone to expect something before it happens so that they assume something and come to flawed conclusions. Basically, psychology is all around us and everything we do or say can be from a deeper place than we realize. A simple smile at someone else can tell you how they are feeling simply by seeing the reaction on their face. Although you may not think it?s Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 19. Persuasive Essay About Psychology Imagine that a friend of yours heard that you were taking a psychology class. Your friend asks you. "Why are you wasting your time with that class? I never took a psych class but it seems like a waste of time. It seems like other fields are more important." Write a short dialogue where you either agree or disagree with your friend about the importance of psychology. In your dialogue, include at least two pieces of evidence that support your argument. Friend: I heard you are taking a psychology class. Me: Yeah! Why? Friend: Why are you wasting your time with that class? I never took a psych class but it seems like a waste of time. It seems like other fields are more important. Me: You can think what you wish, but the psychology field has many different branches that are beneficial to society. In psychology, we have learned many different tools that could be used in the real world. Friend: Like what? Me: First, psychology has many different roots and main schools of thought. A few of them are behaviorism, cognitive, humanistic, and neuroscience. Friend: Well, how does that make psychology more important than other fields? Me: The main schools of thought look into many different aspects of the brain, behavior and other things of that nature. I think that it is very helpful to understand and know how people function, think, and act, especially because we all have to live together. Friend: Okay. I see where you're coming from but I am not sure I can fully agree with you Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 20. Psychology : Psychology And Psychology In the future, I ultimately intend to be a psychologist. With being a psychologist, I am taking on the responsibility on how to lead people into having an overall better life and promote positive change for them. Psychologists often specialize in studying and examining the brain and human behavior. That being said, psychology is a very important branch of science that attempts to help us stay sane! Already getting started next year, I enrolled into a psychology class to get a jumpstart for when I go into college. I chose to enroll into the psychology class because the human mind is something that is very complex and diverse. By me taking this class, I am partially more ahead and more taught than that of a student who doesn't take the class. And that way, when I get into the psychology major, I have a small intake of what it is all about. Once I'm done with taking the high school courses of psychology, I plan on going to the University of California, Los Angeles to further continue my soon–to–be career. Researching the top ranked colleges of the psychology major, UCLA is ranked number 2! Me being in the psychology classes might possibly give me a better look into wanting to study at the number 2 ranked college for psychology, so it should be a win–win situation. In order to become a psychologist, there are certain classes that you have to enroll in. The required classes that you have to take into having the psychology major are statistics, experimental methods/research Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 21. Theories Of Contemporary Psychology There are various different approaches in contemporary psychology. It is important to be informed about the 3 contemporary approaches that will be investigated in this Essay. This essay will provide basic assumptions, one major theory of each contemporary approach and Include strengths and weaknesses of the three approaches; Psychodynamic, Behaviourism, and Humanistic. Each of these approaches studies psychology from a different perspective. The psychodynamic approach studies the personality in terms of conscious and unconscious forces, such as unconscious desires and beliefs. The behaviourist approach is concerned primarily with the observable and measurable aspects of human behaviour. human behaviour is learned, thus all behaviour can be...show more content... Abraham Maslow, an American psychologist and a founder of humanistic psychology who developed the Hierarchy of needs. Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a description of the needs that motivate human behaviour. In 1943, Abraham Maslow proposed five different kinds of human needs, beginning with the most basic: survival. Physiological needs, such as food and shelter, are followed by needs related to safety. Next, there are needs of love and belonging. Fourth, humans have needs of esteem, such as the need for being respected. The final need in the hierarchy is the need for self–actualization (fulfilling one's potential). The hierarchy suggests that basic needs must be met prior to less basic needs; for example, a starving person will seek food before self–actualization. Assumptions: One of the main assumptions of the humanistic approach is that humans have free will; not all behavior is determined, while the Behaviourism approach is concerned with observable behaviour. Therefore, people have no free will. Strengths: Behaviorism is based upon observable behaviors, so it is easier to quantify and collect data and information when conducting research. Weakness: a weakness of the Humanism approach is that it does not have a very scientific basis compared to the behaviorism Get more content on HelpWriting.net