Snells Law Optical fibre

1. OPTICAL
COMMUNICATION
SYSTEMS

2. Main Topics to be Covered
Introduction to optical communication systems
Types of Optical communications systems
Components of optical communications systems
Optical fiber – Attenuation, dispersion and nonlinearity
Optical receiver and Optical Amplifiers
Optical filters and passive optical components

3. Books
Text Book:  Fiber Optic Communication Systems by Govind P
Agrawal
Reference
Books:
 Optical Networks by Rajiv Ramaswami
 Nonlinear Fiber Optics by Govind P Agrawal

4. Historical Perspective

5. Historical Perspective

6. Historical Perspective

7. Motivation and Objectives

8. Motivation and Objectives

9. Motivation and Objectives

10. Motivation and Objectives

11. Motivation and Objectives

12. Global Fibre Deployment

13. Fibre Optics

14. EM Spectrum

15. EM Wave Propagation

16. Windows of EM Spectrum

17. Light

18. Light – Particles or Waves

19. Light Waves

20. Ray Theory

21. Ray Theory

22. Ray Theory

23. Ray Theory

24. Ray Theory

25. Ray Theory

26. Critical Angle
• Angle at which Total Internal Reflection is achieved

27. Numerical Aperture

28. Numerical Aperture

29. Numerical Aperture

30. Numerical Aperture

31. Problem-1
Find the maximum angle that a ray should make with the fiber’s
axis, to remain confined inside the fiber core, if the critical angle
for the core cladding interface is π/3 radians and the RI of the
core is 1.5. Also draw the ray diagram.

32. Problem-2
A step-index fiber has a core index of refraction of n1 =
1.425. The acceptance angle for light entering the fiber from air
is found to be 8.50o.
(a) What is the numerical aperture of the fiber?
(b) What is the index of refraction of the cladding of this fiber?
(c) If the fiber were submersed in water, what would be the
new numerical aperture and acceptance angle?