the characteristic of living think

1. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF
LIVING THING

2. Natural Science
Issues
Natural Phenomena
Occurence
Material
Components
Living Organism
(Biotic)
Non-Living Object
(Abiotic)
Biotic means living organisms, such as microorganisms,
plant, animal, and humans
Abiotic means non-living objects, examples: air, water,
sunlight, soil, rocks, and fire

3. LIVING THINGS
• All animals and plants are living things and
biology is the study of living things.
• For something to be living it has to show all of
the eight (8) characteristics of living things.

4. Characteristic
of Living
Things
1.
Eat/Feeding 2. Respiration/
Breathing
3.
Movement
4. Sensitivity/
Irritability
5. Grow
6. Excretion
8. Adaptation
7. Reproduction

5. The Eight Characteristics
of Living Things
1. Feeding
All living organisms need to take
substances from their environment to
obtain energy, to grow and to stay
healthy

6. Living things obtain and use materials and energy.
a) The combination of chemical reactions through
which an organism builds up or breaks down
materials as it carries out its life processes is called
metabolism.
b) Autotrophs (also called producers)—plants, most
algae, and some bacteria obtain their energy
directly from the sun through photosynthesis.

7. PHOTOSYNTHESIS
(Chlorophyll)

8. c) Heterotrophs (also called consumers)—most other
organisms, rely on the energy stored during
photosynthesis.
1. Herbivores—eat plants and other photosynthesizing
organisms
2. Carnivores—eat the herbivores or other carnivores
3. Omnivores—eat both plants and animals
4. Decomposers—such as bacteria and fungi; obtain
energy from the remains of organisms that have
died

9. 2. Respiration/Breathing
Breathing is inhaling
oxygen and exhaling
carbon dioxide and
water vapor.
Organ for breathing
on animal: lung, gill,
skin, trachea system
on insect
Plant organ for
breathing: stomata on
leaf and lenticels on
stem
All living things exchange
gases with their
environment.
Animals take in oxygen and
breathe out carbon dioxide.

10. What is Respiration ?
Respiration is the process by which
chemical present in food is released by
the living cell using oxygen and
producing carbon dioxide as waste.
RESPIRATION EQUATION:
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 CO2 + 6 H20+ ENERGY

11. 3. Movement
Special organ on animal:
wings, tail and fin, legs,
jointed legs, ventral muscle
and skin, flagel, cilia,
pseudopodia, ambulacral
feet
All living organisms
show movement of
one kind or another.
• Plant movement related
to growth and stimuli
exp: Mimosa plant
respond to touch by
closing their leaves

12. 4. Sensitivity/Irritability
Living things react or respond to changes
around them. We react to touch, light, heat,
cold and sound, as do other living things.

13. 5. Growth and Consist of Cell
When living things feed they gain energy. Some
of this energy is used in growth. Living things
become larger and more complicated as they
grow.

15. Living things are made up of units called
cells.
a. Every organism is composed of at
least one cell.
1.) single-celled or unicellular
2.) many-celled or multicellular

16. Living things grow and develop.
a) For single-celled organisms, growth is
mostly an increase in size.
b) Multicellular organisms go through a
process called growth, increasing in size
and number of cell, and development,
where cells divide and differentiate into
different kinds of cells.

17. 6. Excretion
Excretion is the removal of waste from the
body. If this waste was allowed to remain in
the body it could be poisonous.

18. EXCRETORY ORGAN
• Plant organ for excretion: stomata on
leaf and lenticels on stem
• Human excretory organ and their
product:
–LUNG: WATER VAPOR AND CARBON
DIOXIDE
–LIVER: BILE AND UREA
–SKIN: SWEAT
–KIDNEY: URINE

20. 7. Reproduction
All living things produce offsprings. Humans make
babies, cats produce kittens and pigeons lay eggs.
Plants also reproduce. Many make seeds which can
germinate and grow into new plants.

21. Living things reproduce.
There are two basic kinds of reproduction:
a) Asexual—only one parent and all offspring are
identical; for example, binary fission of bacteria
or amoebas.
b) Sexual—two cells from different parents unite
to produce the first cell of a new organism.

22. ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
RHIZOME

23. SEXUAL REPRODUCTION ON
ANIMAL
• OVIPAROUS : LAY EGGS – EXP.: BIRDS,
REPTILE, FISH
• OVIVIPAROUS : PRODUCE EGG AND BIRTH –
EXP.: SEVERAL SNAKE SUCH AS BOA AND
PHYTON
• VIVIPAROUS : GIVE BIRTH – EXP.: MAMMALS

24. 8. Adaptation
Environment
always change
and if organism
wants to survive
then they have
to adapt to their
environment

25. Taken as a group, living things change over time
(living things evolve).
a) Plants have adapted to living in dry and hot
deserts.
b) Fossils of ancient organisms can be used to
show how organisms have changed over
time.

26. AESTIVATION
HIBERNATION
MIMIKRI/MIMIC
Nepenthes sp.
Prop root on mangrove plant
AUTOTOMY

27. Non-living things
• Sand, wood and glass are all non-living things.
• None of them shows any of the characteristics
listed above.
• Non-living things can be divided into two
groups. First, come those which were never part
of a living thing, such as stone and gold.
The second group are those which were once
part of living things. Paper is non-living but it is
also made from trees. Jam is also non-living but
it was made from the fruit of a plant.

28. List the differences and similarity
of these two pictures

29. √ FOR HAVE AND X FOR DON’T HAVE
CHARACTERISTICS ROBOT MOUSE
MOVE √ √
BREATHE X √
FEED/TAKE IN NUTRIENT √ √
EXCRETE WASTE PRODUCT X √
REPRODUCE X √
GROWTH X √
SENSITIVE TO STIMULUS √ √
ADAPTATION √ √