This PowerPoint is about the application of mutation breeding in wheat crop and it's mechanism

1. APPLICATION OF MUTATION
BREEDING IN WHEAT
IMPROVEMENT
(GPB-512)
SUBMITTEDBY:
Gyana Ranjan Mohanty
Admission No:221222106
M.Sc(Ag) Dept. Of Genetics & Plant
Breeding
College Of Agriculture,OUAT,
bhubaneswar

2. INTRODUCTION:
• Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is one of the world's
most important staple crops, serving as a primary
source of calories and nutrition for billions of
people.
• To meet the growing demand for wheat in a
changing climate and an expanding global
population, innovative agricultural techniques
are required.
• One such technique, mutation breeding, has
emerged as a promising approach to improve
wheat varieties and enhance their adaptability,
yield, and quality.

3. MUTATION BREEDING
• Technique which induces
genetic variation in DNA
to produce new desired
traits.
• Mutation breeding is
used to modify a specific
character of a plant,
while all other
characteristics remain
the same for Adaptation
to biotic and abiotic
stress.

4. MUTATION BREEDING IN WHEAT
Gamma irradiation is widely used as a
modification agent for improving genetic
diversity in agriculture for breeding purposes
due to its high penetration ability but there is
also used of chemical mutagen like EMS and
sodium azide, etc
mutation induction method is convenient to
use, because large quantities of kernels can be
irradiated in one session, and irradiated
kernels can easily be stored and shipped

5. Mechanism of Mutation Breeding

7. APPLICATION IN WHEAT CROP
 Improved yield: enhancing wheat yield through induced mutation that
increse grain production.
 Early maturity : reduction of time period of wheat plant to reach
maturity allowing multiple cropping season in 1 years.
 Quality Improvement: it can also be used to enhance the quality
attributes of wheat, such as better bread-making qualities,baking
quality, protein content.
 Disease Resistance: Mutated wheat varieties can exhibit enhanced
resistance to Rust ,powdery mildew, kernal bunt,seedling blight.
 Mutation breeding helps in resisting pest from infection in wheat
crop, those are Aphid, stem sawfly, Hessian fly.
 Abiotic stress Tolerance: creating wheat mutant which are capable of
withstand and growing in salt ,Drought, heat, waterloging condition.

8. Cont….
 Herbicide resistance: developing wheat variety resistant to specific
herbicides for more effective weed control.
 Reduce lodging: creating wheat strains which are less prone to
lodging.
 mutation breedng is used to develop of dwarf and semi dwarf
vareity of whet.
 Reduction of Al toxicity : mutant wheat is used to reduce Al toxicity
in grain. Al toxicity causes asthma, respiratory cancer etc.
 Biofortification: enhancing wheat with essential micronutrient like
ZN, vitamins.
 Induction of Male sterility : GMS induce in durum wheat which
reduce cost of hybrid seed production.
 Creation of genetic variability and Adaptation to climate change in
wheat crop

9. Ex: of Successful Mutant Varieties:
Several mutant wheat varieties have been developed through mutation
breeding:
 Higheryield: 1) Pb-M-2550,pb-M-2728 from Punjab-11 wheat variety
 DwarfWheat:1) semi dwarf mutant (HUW-SDf 1) induced from K68
through Co 60.
2) Semi dwarf variety jg0030 induced from Jing411.
3) Semi dwarf and non lodging mutant NP 836.
 High-Quality and earlymaturityWheat mutant:
1) Sharbati sonora from Sonora 64 using Gamma ray.
2) High Gluten content and elasticity wheat mutant (Pusa Lerma)
from Lerma Rojo.
 DiseaseResistance: 1)Powdery mildew (Tamlo-R32)
2) Yellow Rust – Lr-34/Sr57/Yr18 mutant gene
transfer in NN-Gandum-1 Variety.

10. SOME MUTANT WHEAT IMPROVEMENT
RESEACH PAPER
 Development of wheat Populations for Drought tolerance and Biomass
Allocation through Etyl Methane Sulphonate mutagenesis
(Hussein et al. 2021) explored EMS-Induced mutagenesis in the LM43 wheat
genotype create genetic diversity, under controlled and field trials, observing
significant differences in various traits across generations due to mutagen. The
cumulative mutagenic effects resulted in segregations in subsequent
generations(M1 – M4), offering potential selections on drought adaptiveness,
Unique biomass allocation for wheat improvement programs.
 Induction of mutation with gamma ray radioation to improve the
characteristics of wheat genotype IS-Jarissa
(Dwinanda et al. 2020) aimed to identify effective (Gamma radiantion)
irradiation doses for genetic diversity and to select mutants with early
maturing and high-yielding traits. Results indicated the successful irradiation
of IS-Jarissa wheat varieties and the emergence of 21 mutant candidates in
the M2 stage, holding promise for wheat improvement.

11. FUTURE PROSPECTS:
 As the field of mutation breeding continues to
Advance in genomics and biotechnology may
enhance precision in mutation breeding, allowing
for the targeted modification of specific genes.
 Researchers are optimistic about gene editing tech.
like CRISPR-Cas9 to introduce precise and beneficial
mutation in wheat genomes. And enhance food
supply for growing populations.
 This could lead to even more remarkable
breakthroughs in wheat crop improvement.