This presentation attempts to list down the challenges in higher education in India with special reference to Physical Education

1. CHALLENGES IN HIGHER EDUCATION WITH SPECIAL
REFERENCE TO PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Dr.R.Kalidasan
Asst. Prof. (SG) & UGC Research Awardee
Dept. of Physical Education
Bharathidasan University
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2. Education
is the foremost important tool for social
and economical transformation
Education - broad classification
•Primary
•Secondary
•Higher
•Technical education mode
•Vocational education mode
•Distance education mode and so on4/5/2017 2Kalidasan - BDU

3. Higher Education System - largest in the world
•United States
•China
•India
Higher Education has expanded several times
since independence, issues of access, equity
and quality still continue to be the areas of
concern.
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4. Our President
Dr.Pranab Mukherjee,
too, observed that the
standard of Higher
Education was
declining in the
country
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5. Our former Prime Minister Dr.Manmohan Singh once opined
that “too many of our higher educational institutions are
simply not up to the mark.
Too many of them have simply not kept abreast with the rapid
changes that have taken place in the world around us in
recent years, still producing graduates in subjects that the job
market no longer requires.
Not one Indian University today figures in top 200 educational
institutions of the world.”
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6. India presently there were 693 Universities
• Central Universities - 45
• State Universities – 325
• Deemed to be Universities -128
• Private Universities -195
52 institutions of National importance such
IITs, NITs and similar other institutions
Colleges - 37,204
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7. Government of India, has had several bodies to control
and monitor the standards in higher education
•University Grants Commission (UGC) -1956
•All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE)-1987
•Medical Council of India (MCI) -1956 amended in 1993
•Indian Council for Agricultural Research (ICAR)
•National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE)-1993
•Dentists Council of India (DCI) -1948
•Pharmacy Council of India (PCI)- 1948
•Indian Nursing Council (INC) -1947
•Bar Council of India (BCI) - 1961
•Central Council of Homeopathy (CCH) – 1973
•Central Council for Indian Medicine (CCIM) – 1970
•Indian Medicine Central Council Act, 1970
•Council of Architecture (COA) -1972
•Distance Education Council (DEC) - 1985
•National Council for Rural Institutes (NCRI)
•Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) by UGC
•National Board of Accreditation (NBA) by AICTE
•Accreditation Board (AB) by ICAR
•Distance Education Council (DEC)
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8. CHALLENGES IN HIGHER EDUCATION
A section of institutions involved in certain unethical
practices, which has to be controlled and monitored by the
concerned regulating bodies. Few of this, is listed hereunder:
•Charging of capitation fee and excessive fee structure
•Misleading and non transparent process in the admission
•Recruiting teachers without qualification
•Recruiting teachers with a low salary
•Exploitation of teachers
•Adoption of misleading and non transparent processes
•Appointment of ineligible and unqualified teachers
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9. To overcome challenges in higher education and for
better progress, very many ideals have been
suggested by many experts and scholars. Few of those
suggestions are documented briefly hereunder:
•Innovative practices
•To mobilize resources
•Public Private Partnership
•International cooperation
•Towards a new vision
•Action plan for improving quality
•Quality development
•World class education
•Stipends to research fellows
•To increase quantity of Universities
•Examination reforms
•High-tech libraries
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10. National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE)
NCTE regulates and monitors the teacher
education system throughout the country.
It looks after the norms and standards in the
teacher education system.
The two focus subject areas of NCTE were
‘Education’ and ‘Physical Education’
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11. The issues and challenges in Higher Education
especially in Physical Education are very many.
Deshpande (2000) opines, ‘Physical Education in
this country has remained neglected and if any
attention is being paid, it is in step motherly
manner. This is one of the significant causes as
to why we are lingering back in the field of
international sports’.
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12. I. COMMON FEES STRUCTURE
NCTE
Norms and standards in order to strengthen the
teacher education system in India.
Syllabus and curriculum for all teacher education
programmes, throughout the country.
Common fees structure for all teacher education
programmes throughout the country.
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13. II. MECHANISM IN SELECTING THE EXPERTS
People with dubious records get into the teaching
positions in Universities and Colleges, sometimes be a
part of the Visiting team.
NCTE should follow more stringent mechanism in
selecting the visiting team members.
For Physical Education programme, it is better to have
visiting team members only in Physical Education
background.
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14. III. PERIODICAL MONITORING
After the Inspection the infrastructure facilities
shown to the visiting team were not used for
Physical Education programme in some
institution.
NCTE should have periodical check up of all the
institutions whether the building and
equipments are used for.
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15. IV. MONITORING COMMITTEE
Set-up a monitoring committee to periodically
monitor the institutions.
It should be given powers to cancel the
recognition at the end of any semester.
NCTE should be given powers to transfer
students from the recognition cancelled
institution to other institution in the interest of
the student committee.
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16. Gupta (2000) once rightly commented ‘hospitals cannot be
run and dams cannot be constructed by second rate and
third-rate graduates’.
The same is true for professional course teachers. Average
and mediocre teachers cannot excel in teaching.
Teachers are the back bone for any institution.
The education system will collapse, if we do not find right
person for right job.
The performance of a college is very much depending upon
the quality of work the faculty puts in.
V. FACULTY
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17. NCTE insists adequate qualified faculty members in
each institution, in many institutions faculty members
will be available only at the time of inspection, so
NCTE should think of some other effective mechanism
to curtail such situations.
NCTE should also bring a system to monitor the salary
paid to the faculty members are as per the UGC
norms.
Similar Doctor and part time coaches are not
appointed in many of the institutions.
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18. In the recent times, faculty appointment in
Physical Education at various institutions in
Tamil Nadu rise question marks. It may be due
to systemmic failures.
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It is suggested that for any direct
recruitment as Professor or Associate
Professor, UGC should insist for NET /
SET clearance as compulsory in order
to maintain the standard.

20. VI. LEADERS
For the growth and development of any
profession, it needs visionary leaders.
The real leader will inspire the people and
become role model for others.
In the past, we had good number of
visionary leaders in Physical Education.
The days are not far away that many
visionary leaders will emerge to strengthen
the system.
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21. VII. USE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY
All Professional Colleges and Department of
Physical Education must have Computer
laboratory with internet facilities
Similarly, all Professional institutions should be
inter-linked, which will help to have
teleconference between students and teachers
from different locations.
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22. To progress well, we have to restructure
our entire teaching programme
innovatively.
It is suggested to constitute a separate
controlling body, for Physical Education
which is to be bifurcated from NCTE.
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23. Reference
Deshpande, S.H. (2000) University News, January 38(1), 10.
Gupta, Y.K. (2000) Current Science, 79, 1629.
Muralikrishnan, P.B., & Kalidasan, R. (2003) Physical
Education in India needs restructuring, Journal of Physical
Education & Sports, May, 15, 22-24.
Singh, Manmohan (2013) “Our higher education has hit a low:
PM” India today, February 6, retrieved from
http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/higher-education-in-india-
has-hit-a-low-prime-minsiter-manmohan
singh/1/249035.html
Acknowledgement – S.Vigneshwaran
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24. Life may remain an unending challenge,
let us fight it out.
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