Genetic modification is a special set of gene technology that alters the genetic machinery of such living organisms as animals, plants or microorganisms. Combining genes from different organisms is known as recombinant DNA technology and the resulting organism is said to be ‘Genetically modified (GM)’, ‘Genetically engineered’ or ‘Transgenic’. The principal transgenic crops grown commercially in field are herbicide and insecticide resistant soybeans, corn, cotton and canola. Other crops grown commercially and/or field-tested are sweet potato resistant to a virus that could destroy most of the African harvest, rice with increased iron and vitamins that may alleviate chronic malnutrition in Asian countries and a variety of plants that are able to survive weather extremes. There are bananas that produce human vaccines against infectious diseases such as hepatitis B, fish that mature more quickly, fruit and nut trees that yield years earlier and plants that produce new plastics with unique properties. Technologies for genetically modifying foods offer dramatic promise for meeting some areas of greatest challenge for the 21st century. Like all new technologies, they also pose some risks, both known and unknown. Controversies and public concern surrounding GM foods and crops commonly focus on human and environmental safety, labelling and consumer choice, intellectual property rights, ethics, food security, poverty reduction and environmental conservation. With this new technology on gene manipulation what are the risks of “tampering with Mother Nature”?, what effects will this have on the environment?, what are the health concerns that consumers should be aware of? and is recombinant technology really beneficial? This review will also address some major concerns about the safety, environmental and ecological risks and health hazards involved with GM foods and recombinant technology,Genetically modified (GM) technology is a highly controversial topic for today’s global food consumer. The commercial development of GM crops began in 1996 with GM corn and has expanded every year with the cultivation of GM crops. In 2016, global land use for GM crops reached 185.1 million hectors.1 Although GM foods had helped sustain the nutritional needs of human beings and farm animals and mounting evidence showed that GM foods were substantially equivalent to traditionally bred food sources, it has also sparked fierce debate about its safety. This has generated worldwide interest in finding a common and harmonious narrative to deal with new opportunities and challenges of biotechnology. A recent review of public perceptions of animal biotechnology,2 provides an excellent context for understanding public knowledge, attitudes, and perception of GM Food

1. Sahyadri science college, Shivamogga.
PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF GM FOODS
Guide
Dr. Pradeep K
Coordinator and assistant professor
PG Dept. of Biotechnology,
Sahyadri science college,
Shivamogga.
Presented by
G yadav
M.Sc., I year,
PG Dept. of Biotechnology,
Sahyadri science college,
Shivamogga.
KUVEMPU UNIVERSITY

2. 1.Introduction
2.History
3.Types of gm goods
4.Examples of genetically modified food
5.Public opinion
6.Current status of genetically modified foods in India
7.Conclusion
8.Reference
Contents:

3. Introduction:

4. History:
Professor Ray a researcher at
Calgene Inc
The first genetically modified food approved for release was the
flavr Savr tomato in 1994, developed by Calgene, was engineered
to have a longer shelf life by inserting an antisense gene that
delayed ripening.

5. 1983-The first gm plant – A tobacco plant resistant to antibiotic – was created
1994- The 1st commercialization of gm food in an industrialized country was in US in may 1994
when Calgene Inc. Marketed its Flavr Savr tomato
1995- GM Squash was launched
1996- Flavr Savr tomato paste as sold in the UK. The 1st GM Soybeans were planted in the US. Gm
Rapeseed were grown in Canada.
1996- GM corn(field and sweet) and cotton was launched
1997- GM Maize was grown for the first time in the us and Canada.
1997- Gm papaya was launched
1999- GM canola WAS launched
2002- Philippine’s department of agriculture approved the propagation and importation of bt corn.
2004- Golden rice underwent its first field test.
2006- gm alfalfa and sugar beets launched
2010- European commission approves BASF’s “Amflora” gm potato for commercial starch
production
2016- Protein rich potato launched
2017- Gm apples was launched
GM FOODS LAUNCHED YEAR

7. 1.First generation crops :
` They have enhanced input traits, such as herbicides tolerance, better insect resistance and better
tolerance to environment stress.
The ensuing crops are not significantly different from the traditionally grown crops in terms of appearance,
taste band nutrition.
Example of such crops are
Herbicide resistance soybean
Insect - resistance maize Insect resistance potato
TYPES OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS

8. 2. Second generation crops
They have new traits to increase their benefits to consumers, such as increased level of proteins,
modified or healthier fats, modified carbohydrates, increased flavour or increased micro
nutrients.
Examples of such includes rice with higher level of beta carotene, tomatoes higher levels of
carotenoids, maize with increased vitamin c soybean with improved amino acid composition, and
potatoes with higher calcium contents.
Golden rice
Tomatoes higher levels of carotenoids

9. 3. Third generation
These gm foods are in the research pipeline. These plants may have traits that can provided
increased ability to resist abiotic stress such as drought, increased temperature or saline soils.
Other traits may provide health benefits. Yet, another objective may be create “pharma plants” to
helps to produce active pharmaceutical products.
In 2009 fda approved the license for the recombinant anti-thrombin for the prevention of blood clot
Rauvolfia tetraphylla Brassica nigra Barbary

10. Common genetically modified foods:
GOLDEN RICE SOYBEAN TOMATO
POTATOES COTTON SEED
OIL
SUGAR-BEET

11. SQUASH PAPAYA
ARCTIC APPLE
CORN RAPESEED
(CANOLA)
AQUABOUNTY
SALMON
Common genetically modified foods:

12. Public perception about genetically

14. A Nationwide Consumer opinion
survey about gm foods was done in
2006 by FDA

16.  India is signatory to the Cartagena
protocol on biosafety(CPB)since 2003.
 India’s apex biotech regulatory
committee, the genetic engineering
approval committee(GEAC) that
functions as a statutory body under
the environment protection act 1986
of the ministry of environment and
forests(MoEF), has been changed to
genetic engineering appraisal
committee in July 22,2010.
CURRENT STATUS OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS IN INDIA

17. WILLINGNESS TO CULTIVATE MODIFIED FOOD CROPS ACROSS
EDUCATION LEVELS

18. CONSUMERS UNDERSTANDING OF GM FOODS

19. Who benefits the most from GM foods?

20. GOVERNMENT AND GM FOOD
1. Europe: Anti-GM protests(Austria, France, Hungary).
2. Japan: GM testing is mandatory. Customers for organic
3. USA: FDA GM foods are substantially equivalent to natural food. So not subject to FDA regulations
4. GRAS Generally recognized as safe
5. Brazil: some states have banned GM crops smuggle to compete with grain- exporting countries.
6. Africa: EU opposes the use of GM in Africa, south Africa, Sudan, Zimbabwe have GM laws: key act – 2009
7. Argentina: very pro-GM
8. New Zealand: NO GM foods grown here
9. India: no policy yet for GM poverty

21. Advantages of gm foods Disadvantages of gm foods
Food supplies become predictable. GMO crops may cause antibiotic resistance.
Nutritional content can be
improved.
Farmers growing genetically modified foods have a greater
legal liability
Genetically modified foods can
have a longer shelf life
Genes go into different plant species
. We receive medical benefits from
GMO crops.
Independent research is not allowed.
It creates foods that are more
appealing to eat.
Some genetically modified foods may present a carcinogen
exposure risk
Genetically modified foods are
easier to transport
High cost
Herbicides and pesticides are used
less often.
Some ethical issues

22. CONCLUSION

23. REFFERENCE
1. http://www.pewresearch.org/science/2016/12/01/public-opinion-about-genetically-modified-foods
2. https://www.slideshare.net/apexflora/genetically-modified-foods
3. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetically_modified_food

24. THANK YOU