Cold war and Major incidents

1. TOPIC
Major wars and
conflicts in the
world
1947-2016

2. CONTENTS
 VEITNAM WAR
 SUEZ CANAL
 BERLIN BLOCKADE
 CHINESE CIVIL WAR
 AFGHAN WAR
 KOREAN WAR
 HUNGARIAN REVOLUTION 1956
 9/11 INCIDENT
 SECTARIANISM
 CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS

3. VIETNAM WAR
 It is also called as second Indochina war.
 It was started in (1954-1975).
 In this war Vietnam can be converted into
two parts.
 North Vietnam
 South Vietnam

4. NORTH VIETNAM SOUTH VIETNAM
 USSR
 China
 North Korea
 East japan
 Cuba
Objective:
To spread communism in the
whole world.
 USA
 France
 South Korea
 West japan
 UK
 Australia
Objective:
To remove communism from the
world.

5. END OF THE WAR
 North Vietnam attacked on Saigon (part of south Vietnam).
 So north Vietnam can be dominant on south Vietnam.
 In this war 3.1 million civilians dead.
 In this war 1626 US service members were missing.

6. SUEZ CRISES
(1956)

7. FIRSTLY OPENED IN 1869
FRENCH AND EGYPTIAN GOVT. FORM THIS
CANAL.
IT IS AN INTERNATIONAL CANAL.
IT IS USED FOR TRADE BETWEEN MIDDLE
EAST AND EUROPE.
MIDDLE EAST EUROPE

8. SUEZ CRISES STARTS IN 1956 WHEN
ISRAEL ATTACKED ON EGYPT TO GET
SUEZ CANAL.
AFTER THIS BRITIAN AND FRENCH
ATTACKED ON EGYPT IN 5 NOVEMBER
1956. TO STOP THE SHIPPING ON
SUEZ CANAL.
BUTT THEY CANNOT STOP THE
SHIPPING ON SUEZ CANAL.

9. USA AND USSR CAN BE PRESSURED
ON BRITAIN AND FRENCH TO MOVE
FROM THE SUEZ CANAL.
OTHER THEN WE CAN ATTACKED ON
BRITISH AND FRANCE.

10. SUEZ CANAL CAN BE CLOSED IN
(1956-57)
AT LAST UNO CAN ABOLISH UNEF
PEACEKEEPERS POLICE IN EGYPT
ISRAEL BORDER.
IN THIS WAY SUEZ CRISES CAN BE
SOLVED.

11. Korean war
Korean war started on 25 June 1950
This war is also known as fatherland liberation
war
Before this war Korea was a colony of japan .
Korea is a pensulian states
Pensulian states mean ( sides are covered with
water)

12. Due to sea both USSR and USA want to take
korea in their alliance because most cheapest
way of trade is through sea that’s why korea is
important for both
Due to this reason korea was divided in two
parts
1:South korea
2:North korea

13. 1:South Korea supports capitalist bloc.
2:north Korea supports communist bloc.
In this war more than 5 million civilian and
soldiers were killed . Korea is still divided today
And era of this war 1950 to 1953

14. HUNGERIAN REVOLUTION OF 1956
Hungarian revolution is also called uprising of 1956
As we all know USA has powerful army and USSR
has more money.
USSR has owned the hungry government and said to
Government to apply communism in his own country
But the students of hungry take revolution steps
against government

15. Due the efforts of students, government could
not apply communism in his own country and
failed to convert its state into communist state.
This movement is also called most powerful
revolution movement

16. BERLIN BLOCKADE
 It was started in 24 June 1948 and ended in
12May 1949
 Berlin was capital of Germany and it was
divided into east and west parts.
 East part was under U.S.S.R and west part
was that of U.S.A.
 Soviet Union blocked the Railways, roads and
canal access to west Berlin.

17. BERLIN BLOCKADE
 In response western allies organized berlin
air lift
 Aid to western belin by air craft was given by
u.s.a air force, british air force,and canadian
air force.
 Ussr remains quit due to fear of conflict.
 On 12 may 1949 blokage was lifted by ussr.

18. MAPOF WORLD

19. CHINESE CIVIL WAR
 War began in august 1947and ended in
1950.
 War resulted in two defective parts of china.
 One is republic of china (ROC)
 Second one is people republic of china
(PRC)
 Both have legitimate government of china.

20. CON…
 The war was ideological split between
communism and nationalism.
 Chinese full scale war resumed in 1946
 After four years came the major military
hostilities
 PRC control mainland china
 ROC control other islands i.e tiwan,
penghu,matsu.

21.  To this day no peace treaty has ever been
signed.
 Till both parts conflicts that tiwan is under
their control.

22. AFGHAN WAR
 It started from Dec 1979 and ended in Feb
1989.
 Insurgent group (mujahdeen)fought against
Afghan forces and soviet army.
 850000-1.5million civilions were killed
 Millions of afghans left the country and move
towards PAK and IRAN.

23. MAP OF AFGHANISTAN

24.  Nur muhammed taraki’s government took
power in 1978.
 He initiated series of radical moderanization
reforms throughout the country.
 Traditional afghan muslimes opposed it.
 Conflict start between them .
 In april 1979 large parts were in open
rebilion.

25. ATTACK BY TROOPS

26. ATTACK BY USSR
 Soviet government sent troopes to support
afghan government.
 On DEC24 1979 president of afghanistan
was killed .
 In jan 1980 resolution was passed by 34
nations for the withdrawl of soviet troops.

27. INVOLVED COUNTRIES
 Afghan insurgents receive massive amount of
aid from PAK,U.S.A,U.K,CHINA, Arab
monarchies.

28. END OF WAR
 At the mid 1987 soviet union was under
reformist mikhail.
 He announced to withdraw forces.
 Withdrawing of troops ended in Feb 1989.
 Due to its length it is called bear trap.
 The soviet war in afghanistan is one of the
events that led to the end of ussr.

29. AFTER WITHDRAW OF SOVIET UNION

30. 9/11 INCIDENT
 9/11 also known as September 11 attack
 It was a terrorist attack by Al-Qaeda at USA
 A group of 19 members hijacked four American passenger planes
 Two planes were crashed into north and south tower of world trade
center in new York. In 1 hour and 42 minutes both the towers collapsed
 Third plane was crashed in pentagon (headquarter of USA defense)
 Fourth plane was planed to crash in Washington but due to heroics of
passenger it was crashed into field near shanks Ville, Pennsylvania
 At about two thousand nine hundred ninety six people died including 19
terrorists
 We can conclude that from 2001 to present. The uni polar scenario is
ending and multi polar scenario is starting.

31. SECTARIANISM
(1514 AD)
 Sectarianism is hatred arising from attaching importance
to perceived differences between subdivisions within a
group, it may be a religion class regional or factional of
political movement
 It was started in 1514 between two groups Shia militants
(sipah-e-Muhammad) and Sunni (sipah-e-sahaba).
 In last two decades over 4,000 people died due to
sectarianism
 Two types of sectarianism
1. Religious sectarianism
2. Political sectarianism

32. RELIGIOUS SECTARIANISM IN PAKISTAN
 In Pakistan religious sectarianism is between
Shia militants (sipah-e-Muhammad) and
Sunni (sipah-e-sahaba).
 In Pakistan population of Sunni is 80-85%
and Shia is 10-20% which is the largest
population of Shias in any country.
 Violence between these two groups take
place because some of them have rigid
views over Islam

33. POLITICAL SECTARIANISM IN PAKISTAN
 Political sectarianism takes place because of
rivalries to other groups in politics or different
thinking of people in one group.
 In the world there is sectarianism due to rigid
views over an explanation

34. CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS
(1962)
 It is also known as October crisis from 16th to 28th of
October 1962
 This took place between USA and USSR over missile
deployment of soviet union in Cuba.
 Cuba which controlled by UUSR was the closest state to
Florida state of USA about 81 miles away.
 If USSR had deployed the missile the cold war should
have converted in to a nuclear war
 The soviet moved the missile in a response of a failed
invasion by USA known as PIGS
 But in a period of 13 days the missiles were moved back
by soviet union due to agreements between USA and
USSR