arts

1. WELCOME TO
CONTEMPORARY
PHILIPPINE ARTS AND
THE REGIONS

2. WHAT IS AN ART?
It is a tool for communication.
Venue for one to convey or express a thought,
emotions or aspirations.
1. Every artwork reflects the artist and his/her society .
2. Art offers us a chance to learn and understand artists
and the regions where they belong, through their
works.

3. * Why do people create art?
• What makes us, or drives us to create and perform?
• Why is art special to us, humans?
• Art is one of the earliest and most basic forms of
communication. = Seen in prehistoric visual artworks like
caves drawings, and other early artifacts.
• Also evident in our folk songs and rituals, which people
perform to express themselves, and to share their
individual insights to others.
• Through these arts, they catch other people’s attention,
imagination, and admiration.

4. ON ART
In your own words, how do you express art?
What is your own definition of art?
A R T
Defined as manifestations or use of various creative
disciplines , produced by human creativity and skill to
express oneself, comes in many forms such as:
Literature, media arts but most familiar of which, is =
the visual and performing arts.

5. VISUAL AND PERFORMING ARTS
Art as mentioned is:
1. The tangible output of creative expression.
2. The product of human creativity & skill to express oneself.
3. Represented through different forms and disciplines such
as:
* Literature, culinary, media, visual, & performing arts.

6. VISUAL ARTS
This term is used to describe a wide array of
artistic disciplines that are appreciated
primarily through sight. This includes the
different art forms such as fine arts,
decorative arts, and contemporary arts
1. Fine Arts = Readily associated with art.This term
was first used to describe the art forms created
primarily for:
2. its appearance rather than its practical use. As time
passed, this term was used to include artworks that
came about from emerging technology and artistic

7. The following are the most common examples of
fine arts:
1. Drawing 2.painting 3. Sculpture
4. Print 5. Graphic art 6. Calligraphy
5. 8. Architecture
2.) Decorative Arts = Known as decorative
crafts.Both aesthetically pleasing and functional.
Decorative arts are not only beautiful, but are
useful as well.

8. 3. Contemporary Art Forms – New and unusual art forms that
could not be easily categorized between the fine arts and the
decorative arts, …which belong to this art form.
1. Assemblage 4. Performance art
2. Collage 5. Digital art
3. Installation 6. Land art
PERFORMING ARTS
1.) Music = Universal form of art. Defined as
manipulation of sound and silence. Blends the
different elements such as:
a. pitch b. rhythm c. dynamics

9. d. Timbre e. texture
What are the music genres:
a. Art Music – Usually presented and preserved through written
musical notations that were developed in Europe.
b. Popular Music – Music that is accessible and commercially
available to the public. Played or disseminated through defferent
mass media outlets such as radios, televisions, and the internet.
c. Traditional Music – Musical forms that are community and
culturally based. Diverse with one community or group often
having a different form from another. Learned and preserved by
passing it to one generation to another through oral
communication and actual performance.

10. 2. Dance – Regulated and deliberated order of
body movements which has aesthetic value and
are often performed accompanied with music.
1. Ballet 2. Belly 3. Break 4. Hip-
hop
5. Improvisational 6. Modern
7. Traditional 8. Contemporary
3. Theater – or play- A branch of performing art
that often involves the integration and combination
of the visual and performing arts. Defined as a fine
art where actors and actresses perform experience,

11. In front of live audience.
The performers make use of:
Gestures, music, song, dance and visual arts to help
communicate the story in front of the audience.
1. Mime 2. Puppetry 3. Tragedy 4. Opera
5. Musical Theater 6. Traditional Theater.
WHY DO ARTISTS CREATE ART?
Other than tool for communication, there are other
reasons why do artists create art.
1. Recogniton …Artists hope of gaining

12. .
2. Worship – Some artists create art to glorify our Creator,
God, some through creating pyramids, temples.
3. Impulse – Some artists create art because they were driven
by impulse, and it is their passion. Nothing makes them
happier than doing their chosen art.
4. Self- expression – They express their ideas and emotions
that not be adequately expressed through words alone. The
artwork is a reflection of the artist’s personality, and
expeiences, making their artwork unique.

13. WHY STUDY ART?
Creating art can help you:
1. Express yourself.
2. Enabling us to share our ideas and emotions with others.
3. Teaches us to distinguish and understand the individual
differences we wll have, that in part, make us unique
which makes us more sensitive to others.
4. Helps develop our decision and problem solving skills
5. Help us to realize that there are many ways of dealing and
solving an obstacle.

15. This is an important skill in the real world
because it teaches us to look for creative ways to
solve difficulty.It nurtures imagination and in
turn, promotes originality and innovativeness which
are skills valued in almost all businesses today.
ART AND THE FILIPINO
Filipinos are very social people and this is
refected in their art more especially in
their traditional art.Filipino Art is often
intended to unite the community and

16. According to Prof. Felipe de Leon Jr., a professor of art
studies and as of witing the current chair of the
National Commission for Culture and the Artd
(NCCA), Filipino integral arts has the following
attributes:
1. Art is ingrained with beauty and function. Art is not
made for art sake but is instead made with
considerations with other factors such use, beliefs,
ethics, social, spiritual and environmental concerns.
2. It is holistic in nature. A balance should be made
between all the other disciplines to achieve the

18. 3. Art is part of our everyday life. It is not considered as
a separate activity. Art exist whenever there is human
activity.
4. Everybody is an artist, and everybody is given an
equal chance to contribute and participate.
5. Freedom in the technique and the use of mediums,
which gives flexibility and opportunity to join in the
artistic expression.
6. Art makes use of available resources, it should not be

19. CONTEMPORARY VISUAL ARTS
FINE ARTS
1. Paintings and illustrations- Paintings may be defines as 2-
dimentional forms that showcase artistic expression
on a surface. Images are made by applying pigment on a
prepared surface using typically one or a combination of:
brush, palette knife, spray, finger, etc. Medium: oil,
watercolor, poster color, pastel, ink, etc. These media are
applied on a surface such as canvas, paper, wood,
etc. The beginnings of paintings and illustrations as we
it were the result of Spanish colonization.
Early paintings and other fine arts –primarily, religious in

20. Nature, used to evangelize and spread Christianity, throughout
the archipelago.
PAINTING THEMES
1. Religious themes - the primary subject for the artworks
during the Spanish colonial times. In the present, many
religious themed paintings can be seen in the murals of many
churches and social commentaries. Example: Renato Habulan
and Joey Velasco.
2. Historical themes – Seen in the works of Angono…Rizal native
Carlos “Botong” V. Francisco whose masterpiece “Filipino
Struggles” through History depicts Manila’s historical events.
This mural displayed in the Manila City Hall. Other historical-
themed works include Blood Compact, First Mass at Limasawa,
etc.

21. C. Portraiture - Used to commemorate personalities and seen in
many formal institutions such as government offices,. Started
during the Spanish colonial times. Been a symbolism of one’s rise
to power and wealth. Many artists started their careers as
portraiture artists such as Iloilo-born Antipas Delotavo and Rafael
del Casal.
D. Still Life – A work of art that portrays inanimate objects.
Traditionally composed of a basket or bowl of fruits and flowers n
vases on the table..Notable Artists- Paz Paterno, Vicente
Manansala, a Kapampangan artist.
E. Landscape - - Depict the beauty of the outdoors. Depict that of

22. And other rural scenery, including seascape, which focused on
the imagery bodies of water.
F. Nude – A subject of painting in the Philippines
G. Genre – Painting showcase people doing everyday activities
and chores.
Activity
Choose and research on a contemporary Filipino painting made in
made in the last 50 years that you find interesting. Type your
research on a short bond paper. You research should include the
the following information:

23. 1. Image/picture of the painting.
2. Title of the painting
3. Artist (give some information about the artist)
4. When it was made
5. Painting theme used
6. Date created
7. Describe the elements seen in the painting and its meaning to the
overall work
8. Give the reasons why you chose this painting
2. Sculptures
Artworks that are three-dimensional. The classifications of
sculptures are traditionally divided into 2, namely: Free-standing and

24. A. Free-standing – known as “in the round”, sculptures that are
raised independently in its given space.- Can be often observed
from all points of view.
B. Reliefs – Sculptures that are raised from the background .
* Bas-reliefs = (or low reliefs) reliefs that are slightly
protruding from their background. -adding
* High reliefs= are reliefs that are prominently raised against
their background, giving the sculpture more dimensionally.-
subtracting
*Sculptures are made by adding or subtracting materials.

25. Subtraction is used in carving, while addition is seen in sculpturing
techniques like molding, casting, and welding.
Contemporary art forms that are related to sculptures like mobiles
and three-dimensional light-manipulations such as holograms are
not easily classified between free-standing and reliefs and hence are
classified in the contemporary forms.
DECORATIVE ARTS AND CRAFTS
1. Pottery – Art and craft of making pots and other wares using clay
or mud.Pottery tradition in the country has

26. Survived for centuries.
• The Philippines has a sculptural tradition dating long before the
arrival of the first colonizers, and been long in casting metal,
molding clay, and carving stone and wood to create various
sculptural pieces.
• Wood carving is found throughout the different regions and
communities of the country, used to create and decorate the
items used in one’s own daily life such as furnitures, utensils,
shelter, and transportation, existed throughout the history of the
Philippines and is still alive in many cultural hubs in the country
such as Paete, Laguna and Betis, Pampanga.

27. *Contemporary sculpture in the Philippines can also depict the
different themes used in paintings and drawings. It can be classified
into two styles:
1. Academic/classical-follows the aesthetics of the ancient Greek
and Romans as taught by the European art academies.
2. Modern style – often abstracted and is not as particular about
the realistic portrayal or representation of figures compared to the
classical style.
*During American colonial period- classical sculptures portrayed
prominent people of society and politics, led by Bulacan native
Guillermo Tolentino (1890-1976) whose sculptural masterpieces
include the Bonifacio Monument,

28. And the Oblation in U.P. Diliman.
DECORATIVE ARTS AND CRAFTS
Decorative arts and crafts of the contemporary times
from the traditional indigenous crafts found throughout the
country. These are part of our artistic history and traditions.
artworks are important source of inspiration to present
artists.
Many artists today use their cultural artistic heritage
decorative arts processes in their contemporary art

29. 1. Pottery – 1. Art and craft of making pots and other wares
using clay or mud.
2. Pottery tradition in the country has survived for centuries.
3. Early pottery artifacts have shown the skills and artistry
of our pottery makers, made everyday items such as food
containers and water vessels, and some created for formal and
ritualistic purposes as burial jars or figurative momentos.
4. In Vigan, Ilocos Sur, pottery tradition is still alive with
their high-temperature pottery called “burnay”, used as a
container for a variety of things like water, salt, wine, etc.

30. 5. These earthenware are heated in giant kilns that occupy an
area as big as half of a city block.
6. In contemporary times, studio pottery is quite popular.
Studio pottery is a handmade one kind of a ceramic that is
sought after by collectors.Use as cookware and tableware, but
many present day ceramic artists venture in more sculptural
pieces.
2. Carving – Art in manipulating and creating objects by
subtracting and shaping solid material such as wood and
stone. Filipinos are excellent carvers.

31. Examples: Ifugao- rice god or bulul- carved wood-used
a decorative element throughout their daily
wares.
Muslims- Western Mindanao- carved geometric
patterns and stylized images of plants and
animals called “okir”. Popular decorative
motifs are the “sarimanok” and the “naga”
Similar carving processes, found within the tribal groups
of Mindanao- Tausugs, Maranaos, Badjaos.
Tagbanuas of Palawan – carve animal sculptures used
as ritual objects or decorations for houses and children’s
trinkets.

32. sarimanok

33. W E A V I N G
It is the art of interlacing threads or fibers to create textile,
fabric or other similar products. Philippine textile are made
from indigenous plants such as: pina, abaca, maguey, and
cotton.
Traditional weaving methods: seen in different towns in the
Ilocos Region, such as blankets, (binakol and pinilian) =
Bought to Manila and abroad, sold as handicrafts.
“Ikat” – processed and revived in the mountain provinces

35. ikat

36. Basket weaving-Backpacks of Mandaya Tribe in Eastern Mindanao
and decorated bags of Manobo, woven baskets of Tagbanua tribe in
Palawan.
Mat weaving – made of Pandan, swamp grass, bamboo and palm
leaf = provide cool relief from the country’s humid environment. *
Found in Basey, Samar – artistic, decorated with lively flowers,
peacocks, and fantasy settings. Mats can be made-to-order to have
the name of the owner.
The colorful mats of Maranao are made with patterns of stripes
and plaid.

37. Pandan plant, leaves

38. Maguey plant

39. M E T A L W O R K
= Art of creating and manipulating metal to create various
items such as jewelry, weapons, etc.
= Archeological records and recovered artifacts.
= Filipinos-skilled metalworkers
= Many amazing jewelries and ornaments discocvered from
different sites prove the early Filipinos’ talents.
=Most remarkable- collection of precolonial gold jewelry,
consists of ornaments, earrings, necklaces, gold-woven belts
and sashes.
= Ayala Museum- displays and shows mastery and technical

40. • Maranaos from Tugaya Lanao del Sur are the largest
manufacturer of brassware in the Philippines. One of
the most popular products is the “gaddor” or
decorated brass urns made using lost-wax process.

41. CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS
-Cannot be easily classified and categorized following the
traditional definitions.
C O L L A G E
METHOD OF COMBINING PRINTED IMAGES WITH OTHER FLAT MEDIA AND
PASTED ON A CANVASS OR BOARD.
= Came about in the early 1900s as part of the
experimentation of the cubist, Picasso and Braque.
They made use of cut-outs of newspaper that were pasted
onto their paintings.

42. Collages create a great variety of texture and color not
found in the traditional painting.
Artists- Dina Gadia, born in 1986, in Anda, Pangasinan
Jonathan Benitez, a Palawan-based painter and
collage artist born in Iligan City, Mindanao. He
incorporates collages as a discourse on consumerist aims
of advertising and environmental awareness.

43. A S S E M B L A G E
A term used by French artist, Jean Debuffet in 1962.
= Describe a series of artworks made from paper collage,
wood scraps, and other found objects.
= Among the pioneers in assemblage art in the Philippines is
Lao Lianben . Born in Manila, April 21, 1948. He used
indigenous found materials for his artworks in the 1960s. He
placed twigs and small branches on top of carved wooden
panels as commentary on forest devastation.
Robert Feleo- works called “Sapin-sapin”= combination o

44. Of different pieces, both found and made, that portray
traditional, historical, iconic, and popular images.

45. assemblage

46. M O B I L E
=A sculptural work that is suspended from the ceiling
or a protruding base. Typically made a number of
balancing rods dangling in different lengths carrying
one or more elements.
=Pioneered by American artist, Alexander Calder.
=Mobile is an example of a kinetic sculpture –moving
due to its interaction with the wind.

48. P E R F O R M A N C E A R T
= Mix of visual arts and performing arts. This should be
done in front of a live audience . Music and sound are
often incorporated . Words and dialogues are not given as
much focus compared to the movements, perform by the
artist himself. Artists would often include various
disciplines in their art such as digital art, videos, fashion,
etc.
= Can be done spontaneously or rehearsed . It can be done
in a simple manner or as a large scale of event.

49. I N S T A L L A T I O N A R T
=Involves the arrangement of objects in a given space.
= Associated with conceptual art and Dada movement.
-Intentionally designed to be experienced as a temporary
work of art.
=Incorporates different materials that may include
traditional sculptural materials such as wood, metal and
different objects as well as technology Based on mediums
such as light, sound, videos, and digital media among
many others.
= Can be designed to be very simple or very complex.

56. ACTIVITY:
Conduct a research on a contemporary visual
artist in your hometown or province. Your
research will be compiled with those of your
classmates to create a compedium of the artists
in your province, town, place.
The research should have a picture of the artist
and the following information:
1. Date of birth
2. Place of birth
3. Hometown or province

57. 4. Contact information (website, facebook, twitter. etc)
5. Summary of early life or childhood
6. Educational background
7. Career history
8. Exhibitions
9. Awards
10. Samples of important artwork (province images)
11. References

58. CONTEMPORARY PERFORMING ARTS
Filpinos is a race that is bursting with talents.
Not only do we excel in the visual arts, we are
also considered to be a source of world class
performers. In the diverse field of the
peforming arts, whether in the Music, Dance, of
Theater, there will always be Filippiinos that
attest our country’s artistic giftedness.
M U S I C
1. Kundiman and Harana
A musical form that is a [roduct of Spanish colonization. It is an

59. Like many art songs, is performed as a solo vocal composition
combined with a n instrumental accompaniment to achieve
musical harmony.
*It is described as highly emotional and sentimental because
it expresses personal sorrow.
* It can be about love and patriotism.
*Lyrics of the traditional kundiman made use of old and
archaic Tagalog.
• The melody is often smooth, flowing and gentle rhythm.
• Examples of which are Nicanor S. Abelardo (1889-1935)
• “ “Nasaan Ka, Irog?”

60. +“Pakiusap” – Dr. Francisco Santiago (1889-1947)
Many kundiman music were often used for traditional Filipinno
courtship.
**The Kundiman is often mistaken for the Harana which is
another Spanish- influence musical form.
The Harana – Traditional courtship ritual in the Philippines
wherein a suitor serenades his object of affection
Almost any love song cab be sung during the harana, including

61. the harana, including the kundiman songs . Traditional harana
also has deep Tagalog words and is used to implore the girl to
listen to guve attention such as “Dungawin mo, Hirang”, and
“Ilaw”.
• Harana is almost always performed by a man while the
kundiman can be performed by both genders.
B A L L A D
This is traditionally a song that narrates an event in a community.

62. • The style varies from region to region and from one ethnic tribe to
another.
• *Examples:* Idangdang of Bukidnon
• * Liyangkit parang ssabil of the Tausug
• * Composo of Hiligaynon
• A popular example of a traditional ballad –mYoyoy Villame’s
“Magellan” (1932-2007)
• It must be mentioned that in modern times, the term “ballad” has been
applied to describe love songs, and a a a balladeer is an artist whose set
of songs are primarily

63. Romantic songs.
_Notable Filipino composers are :
* Ernani Cuenco (1933-2007)
*Jose Mari Chan (born in 1945)
* Some of the most popular and successful Filipino contemporary
balladeeers include:
* Regine Velasquez-Alcasid (born 1970)
*Sarah Geronimo (born 1988)
*Jed Mdela (born 1977) and many more.

64. C H A M B E R M U S I C
* This is a form of instrumental music
composed by a small ensemble wherein
each part is played by one player, as
opposed to an orchestra where a part is
performed by a group of musicians.
Chamber music in the country – pioneered
by Dr. Francisco Santiago and Nicanor S.
Abelardo,
Who received training abroad, and later on

65. Contemporary chamber music examples:
1. Arlene Chongson’s “Luduyan 1 and 2
2. Conrado del Rosario’s “Yugto” for chamber
ensemble.
C H O R A L M U S I C
• Choral music is a musical composition
intended to be performed by a group of
singers called “choir”.
• The choir is arranged according to voice
categories such as soprano, alto, tenor and

66. Churches, singing religious hymns during the mass.
*This is still practiced today with many churches and
religious groups having their own choir composed of
talented volunteers.
• Schools have also their own choral groups that
perform here and abroad.
• Most well-known school choir is the choral group of
the University of the Philippine Madrigal Singers
which is one of the most awarded choral groups in
the Philippines and in

67. The whole world.They have been taught and trained
by some of the country’s best musical composers and
arrangers such as:
• Eudenice Palaruan (1986)
• Robert Delgado
• Fidel Calalang
Some other well-known internationally recognized
choral groups in the Philippines include:
*Samiweng Singers of Laoag, Ilocos Norte
*University of Visayas Chorale
* Zamboanga Hermosa Chorale

68. L I T U R G I C A L M U S I C
Liturgical music are songs intended for
Christian church services.Its early forms are
inspired by Jewish chants during the religious
rituals.
*Many musicians have adapted this to
reflect contemporary musical styles and
forms.

69. Artists include:
* Francisco F. Feliciano (1941-2014)
as seen in his work “Mass of Saint
Andrew”
*Ryan Cayabyab (born in 1954) with his
work “Misa”
Gary Valenciano – praise and gospel songs
(born in 1964)
O P E R A
This is a combination of both music and theater,

70. Sung drama that entails collaborative efforts of:
singers, dancers, composeers, choreographers,
etc.
• One type of song found in an opera is the aria
which is a song sung in solo that portrays the
character’s emotional state.
• The opera was introduced in the Philippines in
the middle of the 1800. Many Filipino
musicians have adapted the form to redlect

71. Examples :
“Noli Me Tangere:- Felipe Padilla (1912-1992)
Reynaldo T. Paguio (1935-1999)
“Mayo Bisperas ng Liwanag”- Fides Asensio
(1931)
Nick Joaquin
*Notable Filipino opera singers include Jovita Fuentes
(1895-1978)- First Filipina to be recognized as a National
Artist for Music and the female soprano Rachelle
Gerodias.

72. P O P M U S I C
This is used to describe music that is readily
available to a broad populace. A song’s popularity
can be manipulated through the amount of radio
play, marketing hype, and gimmicks of recording
companies which often overshadow a song’s
creative merits.
Many of the popular music played in the
Philippines are Western imports that become a
strong influence to many contemporary singers

73. Filipinomusicianscreatetheirownversionofpopmusicbycombining
theWesternstylewithFilipinotaste.Eaarlyexamplesare:
*FredPanopio’s “O!Ang MgaBabae” (1939-2010)
*YoyoyVillame’s “Mag–exercise TayoTuwingUmaga” (1932-2007)
Pinoy orFilipinopopmusiccameaboutwhenFilipinomusicianswanted
tocreatemuscthattheycancalltheirown.Thesecomposersand
musiciansfocusedontheyouthforsupportandgavebirthto eearly
Pinoyrock.Aproductofthisgenre was“Ang Himig Natin”bytheJuande
laCruzBand.Thissonginspiredother Pinoyrockartistssuchas

74. Sampaguita and Mike Hanopol.
Pinoy pop music is a genre of Pinoy pop that is
heavily influenced by the musical style of Western
Folk singers such as Bob Dylan, Peter, Paul and
Mary among others.
Well known Pinoy folk musicians include Freddie
Aguilar, Noel Cabangon, Grace Nono, and Gary
Granada.

75. Like Western counterparts, these songs are often
accompanied by classical and acoustic guitars, and their
message are often commemorate about society.
Some artists of folk music such as Joey Ayala and
Bayang Barrios have incorporated ethnic instruments and
styles from the different groups combining the traditional
with modern sounds.
Rap is a music genre that became popular in the late
1980s in the Philippines, originated from the

76. African-Americans and is distinctive of its fast and rhythmic
narration accompanied by electronic music.
The pioneers of Pinoy rap were Francis Magalona (1964-
2009) and his song “Mga Kababayan Ko”, and Andrew E
(born in 1967) with his song, “Humanap Ka Ng Pangit”
Closely related with rap is hip-hop . This music genre
incorporates not only rap but also includes RnB, beatboxing
and electronic and turntables as accompaniments. Many
contemporary Filipino rap artists identify themselves

77. Asbothhip-hopandrapartists.
ContemporaryrapaartistsincludeGloc-9(b1977), Abra(b.1991), and
Filipino-AmericanApl.Deap(b.1974)amongmanyothers.
Pinoypop musicsontinuestostruggleagainstforeignsongsfor
airplay,whetheritisfromtheWestorfrom otherAsiancountries like
Korea andJapan. ButFilipinomusicianshavenotgivenup;they
continuetowritemusic,adaptingtotheever-changing-tasteofthe
public.

78. P R O T E S T S O N G S
These are the songs that bring to light injustices
and inequality is society. These seek to inspire
nationalism and heroism from their listeners.
These can come in many musical forms and genre
such as kundiman as seen in “Bayan Ko” (1928)
This song is one of the most popular and
recognizable example of a protest song. It was a
collaboration between Jose Corazon de Jesus (1

79. (1896-1932) who wrote the lyrics that was set to music by
Constancio de Guzman (1903-1982)
Although it was made a century ago, this song is still
used in many protest movements because of the strong
emotional effect it has on its audience. This song’s
melody is similar of that of a love song, but instead of it
being dedicated to a woman it is a tribute to the
Motherland and the plea of its citizens to be free from the
struggle and oppression. This song was first used as a
call of independence from the Americans and later on

80. from the Japanese. It was also a popular song used in
rallies and marches during the Marcos Era.
Some protest songs tackle environmental issues such
as the brand Asin’s protest pop song “Masdan Ang
Kapaligiran” (1978) and Gloc-9’s rap song “Nag-iisang
Mundo” (2005)
D A N C E
Dancing, much like music, is very popular in the

81. Philippines. *Way to bond and share our talent with the
rest of the community. This can be seen on how we can
easily join in the latest dance craze and post it online.
*Types and forms of dances expressed in the Philippines
is quite diverse.
*Indigenous dances in the Pilippines is influenced and
molded by various factors, such as the experiences and
events in the community as reflected by the war dances of
the people of the Mountain Provinces. It can reflect the
group’s values and beliefs, like tha Samal’s “pangalay”

82. Which is performed slowly with intricate poses.
Most indigenous dances were performed as
ritualistic dances to ask for good fortune and
abundance. Some are performed as narratives of
the community’s daily lives as evident of the
different mimetic dances all over archipelago
*The dancing tradition and forms changed with
The arrival of the first colonizers. Many
indigenous ritualistic dances were adapted to be

83. Figures in Christianity. Social dances during
this time were influenced by the trends in
Europe. Popular European dances that we
have adapted to our own were the
“Pandango”, the polka, and the ballroom dance
“rigodon de honor” which can still be seen
performed in debuts.
* American occupation – Introduced many
dance forms from the West. Beginning of

84. Through the Americans, Philippines were exposed to
the Afro-Cuban dance forms such as the tango,
samba, mambo, chacha, etc.
Throughout the US occupation, popular dance
crazes from the US like the foxtrot, Charleston,
boogie-woggie, mashed potato, and the twist soon
found their way in the different dance halls in the
country.
During the 20th century European classical
ballet was introduced to the Filipino audiences.

85. Some of these professionally trained classical ballet
dancers extended their stay in the country and taught the
Filipinos, ballet. These pioneering Fillipino ballet dancers
became the first generation of Filipino ballet dancers ,
teachers and choreographers.
The tradition of passing the skills and knowledge is the
basis of the continuing development of Philippine
contemporary dance.
Here are some of the contemporary dance forms found
in the Philippines:

86. 1. Aerobic Dance
Aerobic is a dance routine made into an exercise
program, usually accompanied by upbeat pop music.
* Formal aerobic dance class has 3 phases:
1. Warm up
2. Aerobic Dance
3. Cooldown exercises
*Over 3 years, therer have been many variations of
aerobic dancing usually dictated by the type of

87. Music used . Examples of which are: jazzercise, aero
hip-hop, ballroom dancing, belly dancing, and more
resently the Brazillian=developed Zumba.
BALLET
This is both dance and theater art.
A style and dance technique that follows
strict set ov moves and performance.
Originated from European court spectacles
and was later brought to Philippines by the
Americans.

88. Different contemporary reiterations of the ballet form namely :
Modern Ballet, opera ballet, and folkloric ballet.