Principles of Ecology Unit 7- Assignment 1 chapters 19 and 21-1 Cha.docx

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Principles of Ecology Unit 7: Assignment 1 chapters 19 and 21.1 Chapter 19: Movement of Energy in Ecosystems 1: What makes studying ecosystems different than studying communities? 2. How can an invasive species like earthworms substantially impact how energy flows within a forest ecosystem? 3. What is the difference between the brown and green food webs? Which one do you think and old growth forest would be? Why? 4. What are the main limitations to primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems, freshwater ecosystems, and open ocean ecosystems? How is this related to the law of the minimum? 5. Explain consumption efficiency, assimilation efficiency, net production efficiency, and ecological efficiency? 6. Explain why there are is less energy at higher trophic levels than the trophic level 1 (producers)? Why is the aquatic biomass pyramid flipped? . Chapter 21.1: Landscape Ecology 1. How do natural and human activities cause landscape heterogeneity? 2. Explain why a more a landscape with more ecosystems (ecosystem heterogeneity) would be more species diverse than a less heterogeneous landscape? 3. If you have two sites and they have high gamma diversity (25 species) and high beta diversity (20 species), would these communities be more similar or more distinct? Explain. 4. Using the ideas of competitive exclusion, niche separation, realized niche, community zonation, and ecological heterogeneity. Explain why a grassland would only have 6 species, a shrubland would have 14 species and a floodplain deciduous forest would have 24 species? .

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In this exercise the student will define and expand the discussion of the “Key Questions” that are listed for each chapter in the Study Guide. You are required to define, discuss these key questions, and relate them to other important concepts and ideas in the study of environmental science and sustainable development in your own words. You must also add relevant personal opinions and make connections to sustainable practice in the Mojave Desert whenever possible and describe how/what/when technology is being used appropriately. One long or two short paragraphs (four to six sentences) with minimum 100 words 1-1 What are some of the scientific principles of sustainability? Concept 1-1A Nature has sustained itself for billions of years by using solar energy, biodiversity, population control, and nutrient cycling –lessons from nature that we can apply to our lifestyles and economies 1-2 How are our ecological footprints affecting the earth? Concept 1-2 As our ecological footprints grow, we are depleting and degrading more of the earth’s natural capital 1-1 What is an environmentally sustainable society? Concept 1-1A Our lives and economies depend on energy from the sun (solar capital) and on natural resources and natural services (natural capital) provided by the earth. Concept 1-1B Living sustainably means living off the earth’s natural income without depleting or degrading the natural capital that supplies it. 1-2 How can environmentally sustainable societies grow economically? Concept 1-2 Societies can become more environmentally sustainable through economic development dedicated to improving the quality of life for everyone without degrading the earth’s life-support systems. 1-2 How are our ecological footprints affecting the earth? Concept 1-2 As our ecological footprints grow, we are depleting and degrading more of the earth’s natural capital. 1-3 Why do we have environmental problems? Concept 1-4 Major causes of environmental problems are population growth, wasteful and unsustainable resource use, poverty, exclusion of environmental costs of resource use from the market prices of goods and services, and attempts to manage nature with insufficient knowledge. 1-4 What are some of the scientific principles of sustainability? Concept 1-1A Nature has sustained itself for billions of years by using solar energy, biodiversity, population control, and nutrient cycling –lessons from nature that we can apply to our lifestyles and economies. 2-1 What is science? Concept 2-1 Scientists collect data and develop theories, models, and laws about how nature works 2-2 What is the matter and how can matter change? Concept 2-2A Matter consists of elements and compounds, which are in turn made up of atoms, ions, or molecules. Concept 2-2B When matter undergoes a physical or chemical change, no atoms are created or destroyed (the law of conservation of matter). 2-3 What is energy and how can it be changed? Concept 2-3A When ener.

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Environmental Resources Worksheet ENV/100 Version 2 1 University of Phoenix Material Environmental Resources Worksheet Using the assigned readings for Week Four, write a 50- to 75-word response to each of the following questions. Your responses will be assessed according to the accuracy of the content. Minerals 1. How do minerals affect society? 2. What is the difference between metallic and nonmetallic minerals? Provide two examples from each category and discuss their uses. Mining 3. How are minerals extracted from the Earth and processed? 4. What are the different ways minerals can be mined? Provide a brief description of at least three types of mining. 5. What effect does extracting minerals have on the environment? Soil 6. What is your definition of soil? What is soil composed of? Why is soil important to the environment? 7. What types of organisms are found in soil? Determine the relationship between soil and organisms. 8. What is soil erosion? How can soil become polluted? What effect does soil erosion and pollution have on the environment? 9. What is the purpose of soil reclamation? Forestry and Rangeland Resources and Management Strategies 10. Differentiate between government-owned lands and public lands. Which government agencies are involved with government-owned lands? What is the purpose of government-owned lands? 11. Why is the forest an important ecosystem? 12. What is your definition of forest management? What is its purpose? Describe the concept of sustainable forestry. 13. What effect does the harvesting of trees and deforestation have on forests and the environment? Is there a preferred method for harvesting trees? Explain. 14. What is a rangeland? Describe rangeland degradation and desertification. What effect does degradation and desertification have on the environment? 15. What is overgrazing? What effect does this have on rangelands? 16. What strategies can be employed for the management and conservation of forests and rangelands? Agriculture 17. What is the difference between industrialized agriculture and subsistence agriculture? What effect do these methods of agriculture have on the environment? 18. What is one agricultural challenge, other than soil erosion, that society faces? Explain your answer. 19. How would you describe sustainable agriculture? How does it affect the environment? In regards to agriculture, what are the advantages and disadvantages involved with genetic engineering? ...

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