2. DEFINITION
• Localised collection of purulent
inflammatory tissue caused by
suppuration buried in a tissue, an
organ or a confined space.
• Produces by seeding of pyogenic
bacteria into tissue
3. STRUCTURE OF ABSCESS
• From internal to external
–Central region - mass of necrotic
leukocytes and tissue cells
–Zone of preserved neutrophils
–Vascular dilatation
–Parenchymal and fibroblastic
proliferation
4. FATE OF AN ABSCESS
• In time, abscess may become walled off
and ultimately replaced by connective
tissue
6. PYOGENIC ABSCESS
• Commonest variety of abscess
• results from : - cellulitis
- acute lymphadenitis
• Spread :
• Directly through the penetrating wound
• Local extension from adjacent foci of infection
• hematogenous spread
• lymphatic spread
7. INFECTED PART BECOMES RED, WARMTH AND
TENDER
↓
PUS DEVELOPS
PAIN - THROBBING TYPE OF PAIN
BRAWNY INDURATION AND EDEMA
FLUCTUATION IS PRESENT
↓
↓
↓
8. PYAEMIC ABSCESS
• Multiple abscess
• They either develop simultaneously or a
number of them crop up in succession
• Results from infective emboli circulating in
the blood, lodged in different parts of the
body giving rise to multiple abscess
9. • Commonest site : subfascial plane
• Features of acute inflammation are
absent
• constitutional disturbance are present
–High fever
–Rigor
–Toxemia
10. COLD ABSCESS
• The abscess is cold and non reacting, ie:
Donot produce warmth and painful abscess
• It is always almost a sequel of Tubercular
infection anywhere in the body, commonly
lymph node and bones.
• Caseation of lymph nodes forms cold
abscess
11. • Site :
– commonest site :
• Neck
• Axilla
– Other sites :
• Loin
• Back
• Side of chest wall
12. • May originate from the ends of the
bones and joints and gradually come to
the surface through the fascial planes.
13. LUNG ABSCESS
• The term pulmonary abscess describes a local
suppurative process that produces necrosis of lung
tissue.
• ETIOLOGY : aspiration of infective material(most
frequent cause)
specific pneumonia
bronchial obstruction
chronic respiratory sepsis
PATHOGENESIS: In case of aspiration
initially causes pneumonia
14. Progresses to tissue necrosis
forms lung abscess
Pulmonary abscesses due to apsiration are more
common on the right because of more vertical right
main bronchus and they are mostly single.
Abscesses due to other causes are usually multiple
and diffusely scattered.
16. LIVER ABSCESS
• Liver abscesses are caused by parasitic and
helminthic infections, which are the major causes.
• Echinococcus granulosus is the causative agent.
• 60-85% are located in right lobe.
18. BRAIN ABSCESS
• A brain abscess is a localized focus of necrosis of
brain tissue with accompanying inflammation,
usually caused a bacterial infection.
• Predisposing conditions include acute bacterial
endocarditis, congenital heart diseases.
• Absceses are discrete lesions with central
liquefactive necrosis
20. SPLEEN ABSCESS
• Splenic abscess arises from an infected splenic
embolus, an intra abdominal infection.
• An abscess may rupture and forms a left subphrenic
abscess
21. • PARONYCHIA :
Infection of the nail bed mainly
due to staphylococcus aureus. It is the most
common hand infection.
inflammation
pus accumulates
abscess
22. • FELON :
It is an abscess between the specialized
fingertip septae in the distal pulp.
It may lead to terminal phalangeal osteomyelitis.
