By Mr. Victor Nagaonkar, Officer on Special Duty, BEST

1. Presented by:
Mr. Victor Nagaonkar
Officer on Special Duty, BEST
Road Safety & Public Transport:
Evidences from BEST Undertaking, Mumbai

2.  ‘BEST’ – The Brihanmumbai Electric
Supply & Transport Undertaking.
 Only Agency in India providing two
essential services:
 Distribution of electricity in the island
City of Mumbai i.e. upto Sion and
Mahim.
 Public transport within Mumbai
Municipal limits and in some areas
in Navi-Mumbai, Mira-Bhayander
and Thane..
 Established in 1873 as ‘The Bombay
Tramways Co. Ltd’.
 Name changed to ‘The Bombay Electric
Supply and Tramway Co. Ltd’ in the
year 1905.
 Municipalized on 7th August, 1947
BEST – A Unique Institutional Arrangement

3. BEST – At a glance
1947 2016
Depots 1 27
Fleet 275 3899
Daily Avg. effective kms. 22097 6.78Lakhs
Passengers/day 3.24 Lakhs 30 Lakhs
Earnings/day Rs.30,934 Rs.3.16 crores
No. of routes 23 503

4. Bloomberg Initiative for Global Road Safety (BIGRS)
Challenge
Road traffic crashes account for more than 1.2 million deaths
per year i.e. 3,400 deaths every day.
Every year around 20-50 million people are severely injured in
road accidents.
Road traffic crashes will become world’s 5th leading cause of
death by 2030.
Bloomberg Initiative for Global Road Safety (BIGRS)
Introduced by Bloomberg Philanthropies a New York based
foundation to save lives by improving road safety in some of the
world’s biggest cities.
In 2015 phase II launched in 5 countries and 10 cities
Countries - China, India, Philippines, Thailand, Tanzania
Cities - Accra- Ghana, Addis Ababa- Ethiopia, Bandung- Indonesia,
Bangkok- Thailand, Bogota- Colombia, Fortaleza- Brazil, Ho Chi Minh-
Vietnam, Mumbai- India, Sao Paolo- Brazil, Shanghai- China

5. Timeline : 5 years beginning early 2015.
Benefits to participant cities:
Three Senior level full time staff persons to work within city governments for 5 years.
Free, comprehensive technical assistance from world’s leading safety organisations.
Free training for police officers and other relevant city staff.
Free technical assistance to create hard hitting mass media campaigns.
Membership to an elite global partnership of cities recognised for outstanding work in
advancing public health and safety.
$100,000 in program funds upon successfully reaching predetermined goals at the end
of the first year.
Contribution by participant cities:
Design and full implement a 5 year Road Safety Initiative with emphasis on the 3 ‘E’s
Engineering Education Enforcement
Creation of a High-Level Task Force to plan and implement the initiative.
Data sharing and Surveillance.
BIGRS – Timeline, Benefits and Contribution by
Participants

6. Partner Based in Expertise
EMBARQ – Part of World
Resource Institute
Washington,
DC
Sustainable urban transport, design and
planning, mass transit
Global New Car Assessment
Program
London Conducting independent research and
crash test programs in emerging markets.
Global Road Safety Partnership
– Part of International Federation
of Red Cross
Geneva,
Switzerland
Training police on road safety laws.
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg
School of Public Health
Baltimore,
Maryland
Surveillance and evaluation of road safety
risk factor interventions and post crash
trauma services.
National Association of City
Transportation Officials
(NACTO)-
New York Exchange of ideas, best practices in urban
planning, road design.
The Union North America Mass Media assistance
Global Road Safety
Facitility(GRSF)
– World Bank
Geneva,
Switzerland
Assessing high risk roads, funding and
advisory services, policy recommendations.
World Health Organisation
(WHO)
Geneva,
Switzerland
Road safety legislation, training on road
safety and publish Global Status Report on
road safety
Bloomberg Philanthropies Road Safety Partners – support to cities.

7. MOU between Bloomberg Philanthropies and
Government of Maharashtra
Stake holders in Road Safety for Mumbai City
Engineering:
Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation
• Chief Engineer Roads & Traffic
• Health Department
• Education Department
• Public Relations
Education and Enforcement:
Mumbai Traffic Police
Transport Commissioner / RTA
BEST
BEST also considered for Institutional strengthening as:
Largest Public Transport Body amongst all selected cities
catering to 30 Lakh commuters and
a fleet strength of about 4000 buses.
BIGRS – Mumbai City

8. Road Safety Initiatives taken by BEST can be summarised into a
3 pronged approach:
Accident
• Accident data analysis
• Crash Investigation analysis
• Strengthening of accident department
• Bus modification
Training
• In house – Induction and Refresher training.
• Lectures by transport Experts
• Self meditation and health related sessions
• Personal councelling
• Online monitoring & punitive action
Safe Infrastructure
• Case study of one Bus Terminus
Road Safety Initiative – A 3 pronged approach by BEST

9. Involvement in BEST Fatal Accidents
Period from 2009 to 2016
Category Total %
Pedestrians 106 44.92
Motor Cycle/ M-Cyclist 67 28.39
Passengers 14 5.93
Cyclist 14 5.93
Pillion Rider 11 4.66
Scooterist 10 4.24
Others (Auto Rickshaw Driver, Taxi Dr & pass) 7 2.97
Staff 7 2.97
TOTAL 236
The most venerable road users are pedestrians and two wheelers. Out of 236
fatalities 184 i.e. 77.97 % are pedestrians, motor cyclist and pillion riders
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Accident data analysis
FINDINGS OF FATAL ACCIDENTS OF M/CYCLE & BUS
Year
M/Cyclist &
Pillion
involved
Knocked
down by
the bus
Came in
Contact
Dashed
to the
bus
Skidded/slipp
ed
Lost
Balance
Dashed to
the divider
& lost
balance
Tried to
overtake in
narrow road
width
2009 to 2016 78 13 24 12 15 8 1 5
%
16.67 30.77 15.38 19.23 10.26 1.28 6.41

10. Contact with bus No. of incidents %
Back Left Side 63 27.39
Front Left Side 53 23.04
Front Right Side 46 20.00
Back Right Side 32 13.91
Middle Left 13 5.65
Middle Right 7 3.04
NA- Allegations on Dr. 7 3.04
Front Middle Portion 4 1.74
Front Side/ Only Left Side 3 1.30
Back Centre Position 1 0.43
Back side 1 0.43
Fatal accident occurrence at rear side is more, i.e. 97 cases out-of 230
(42.17%). The reasons are blind corners & field of vision of Bus Drivers
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Accident data analysis
Point of contact in accidents

11. Blind spot experiment for BEST Buses in straight position was carried-out in
November 2015 with WRI Representatives and field of vision on standard buses
was observed as follows-
Field of vision
PLAN VIEW
LEFT HAND MIRROR VIEW
RIGHT HAND MIRROR VIEW
(All Figures in Metres)
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Accident analysis

12. EMBARQ /WRI TRAINING ON CRASH
INVESTIGATION FORM AND DATA CODING
 WRI designed ‘Crash Data Investigation’
Forms to evaluate accidents.
 WRI and J.P. India Research Pvt Ltd.
imparted training on scientific accident
investigation to determine the contributing
factors of accidents viz. Infrastructure,
Vehicle, Improper Driving habit, Non-
compliance to Legal Requirements,
Pedestrian Behavior etc.
 Developed and implemented Accident
Data Coding systems for faster and proper
MIS of accidents.
All information of fatal accidents collected
in the form of photos of accident spot,
damages of vehicles, injuries etc. for proper
efvaluation
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Crash Investigation analysis

13. During the process of new body building
of buses, the side mirrors of buses is
modified to cover maximum blind spots
and clear the vision of Bus Drivers.
Left side
Right side
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Bus modification

14. Yoga & Meditation classes are being
conducted since October 2013.
‘Yoga’ Center’ developed at Traffic Training
Center, Dindoshi with NGOs like Prajapita
Brahmakumari, Sri Sri Ravishankar for Stress
Management of Bus Drivers.
 Lecture on ‘Road Safety’ by RTO Officers and
other transport experts are organized to develop
safe and defensive driving habits.
Regularly counseling regarding accident
prevention is done to Bus Drivers and Bus
Conductors at depots and terminii
Accident Prevention Van is being utilized for
effective counseling.
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Training

15.  Accident Prevention Checks are conducted at different
operational hours to reduce bad driving habits.
 Service Records of Bus Drivers are regularly
scrutinised to find-out Accident Prone Drivers.
Strict action is initiated against erring Bus Drivers.
Breath Analyser machines procured to detect drunk
driving cases.
Plans to reduce Refresher Course Training cycle to Bus
Drivers on ‘Road safety’ from the present 6 years to 3 - 4
years.
 Plans to introduce Depot Level Safe Driving Training
which will contain 4 modules:
• Driver Responsibility,
• Good Driving Habits – Signage & Regulations,
• Defensive Driving,
• Journey & Fatigue Management – Accident
Response & Mitigation Issues .
 Plans to conduct Training to Trainers’ program with the
help of WRI and professionals from Hubert Ebner to
strengthen Depot Level training on ‘Road safety’.
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Training

16. Re-design Objectives
Phase1
Improve pedestrian safety and environment while accessing the terminal.
Rationalise bus circulation for safer bus movement within the terminal.
Reorganise terminal layout to reflect existing movement and flow in order to
enhance safe flow of buses and pedestrians.
Provide better terminal facilities and improve safety for BEST staff.
Provide amenities for the users to ensure safety and usability within the
terminal.
Phase 2
 Integration with commercial component.
Safe Infrastructure – Dindoshi Bus Station

17. Fatal Accidents (Year 2009-10 to 2015-16)
YEAR
NO. OF
ACCIDENTS
FATALATIES
2009-10 43 43
2010-11 47 47
2011-12 26 26
2012-13 30 31
2013-14 31 33
2014-15 24 25
2015-16 29 31
TOTAL 230 236
In the year 2015-16 fatal
accidents have reduced by
32.56% and fatalities by
27.91 % as compared to
the year 2009-10.
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Improvement

18. Year No. of Accidents No. of Persons injured
2009-10 210 221
2010-11 202 225
2011-12 148 181
2012-13 163 199
2013-14 119 152
2014-15 85 105
2015-16 77 80
TOTAL 1004 1163
In the year 2015-16, serious personal injury accidents have reduced by 63.33 %
whereas injuries have reduced by 63.81% as compared to the year 2009-10.
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Improvement
Serious Personal Injuries (Year 2009-10 to 2015-16)

19. Period Fatal Serious Minor TOTAL
From To Acc. Fatalities Accidents Collisions SPI MPI Accidents Collisions MPI ACC.
INJURI
ES
Apr-09 Mar-10 43 43 210 19 221 36 512 98 565 882 822
Apr-10 Mar-11 47 48 202 19 225 5 506 71 592 845 822
Apr-11 Mar-12 26 26 148 17 181 10 581 68 705 840 896
Apr-12 Mar-13 30 31 163 31 199 67 467 79 557 770 823
Apr-13 Mar-14 31 33 119 25 152 46 425 100 515 700 713
Apr-14 Mar-15 24 25 85 20 105 16 267 116 326 512 447
Apr-15 Mar-16 29 31 77 5 80 7 228 125 270 464 357
TOTAL 230 236 1004 136 1163 187 2986 657 3530 5013 4880
Overall Accidents (Year 2009-10 to 2015-16)
In the year 2015-16, overall accidents have reduced by 47.39% and injuries
have reduced by 56.57% as compared to the year 2009-10.
SPI- Serous Personal Injury, MPI- Minor Personal Injury
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Improvement

20. Addressing road safety issues through re-design of Dindoshi Bus Station
DINDOSHI BUS STATION
Road Safety Initiative by BEST – Safe Infrastructure

21. ACCESS TO TERMINAL
Large median gap allowing undefined movement and turns
Dindoshi Bus Station – Ground Realities

22. Poor access: vending activities hinder pedestrian access / movement
Dindoshi Bus Station – Ground Realities

23. Single entrance point for buses and pedestrians
Dindoshi Bus Station – Ground Realities

24. Boarding-alighting activity onto a bus in motion or a stationary bus in the
centre of the terminal
Dindoshi Bus Station – Ground Realities

25. Haphazard parking within the terminal increases risk while pulling
into and out of parking spot
Dindoshi Bus Station – Ground Realities

26. Interchanging passengers are forced to walk across the open
terminal layout
Dindoshi Bus Station – Ground Realities

27. Re-design Objectives
Phase1
Improve pedestrian safety and environment while accessing the terminal.
Rationalise bus circulation for safer bus movement within the terminal.
Reorganise terminal layout to reflect existing movement and flow in order to
enhance safe flow of buses and pedestrians.
Provide better terminal facilities and improve safety for BEST staff.
Provide amenities for the users to ensure safety and usability within the
terminal.
Phase 2
 Integration with commercial component.
Safe Infrastructure – Dindoshi Bus Station