Plasma protein

2. COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
DEFINITION OF PLASMA PROTEIN
FORMATION OF PLASMA PROTEIN
TYPES OF PLASMA PROTEIN
FUNCTION OF PLASMA PROTEIN
PLASMAPHERESIS
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY

3. PLASMA 55%
WATER90%
PLASMA PROTEIN 8%
HORMONES,NUTRIENTS,
WASTE PRODUCTS,
ELECTROLYTES etc 2%
FORMED ELEMENTS-45%
PLATELETS-1.5-4Lakh per micro litre
RBC
FEMALE-4-4.5million/cubic mm
MALE5-5.5million/cubic mm
WBC-6,000-11,000 per micro litre
GRANULOCYTES
AGRANULOCYTES

4. DEFINITION

5.  IN EMBRYO
 Synthesized by mesenchyme cells, Albumin is
synthesized first and others later.
 IN ADULTS
 Mainly from Reticuloendothelial cells of liver.
 Also from Lymphoid organ (Spleen, Bone
marrow) )and disintegrating blood cells.
 50-80% of the Globulins are formed in liver ,
remaining Globulins are formed in lymphoid
tissue
 In adults rate of plasma protein formation by
liver is around 30gm per day.

6. Occasionally , a person with severe renal
disease loses around 20gm of plasma
protein in the urine each day for months and
it is continuously replaced by production of
required proteins by liver.
In Cirrhosis of liver large amount of fibrous
tissue develop in liver parenchymal cells
causing reduction in their ability to
synthesize plasma proteins.

7. TYPES OF
PLASMA
PROTEINS
ALBUMIN
TRANSFERRIN
IMMUNOGLOBIN
S
CERUPLASMIN
C-REACTIVE
PROTEIEN
FIBRINOGEN
COAGULATED
FACTORS
HAPTOGLOBINS
S
HEMOPEXIN
TRANSTHYRETIN

8. 1.ROLE IN COAGULATION OF BLOOD
-Fibrinogen is essential for coagulation of blood as it is converted
to fibrins by thrombin which forms a network of threads which
traps dead and damaged formed elements of blood to form
blood clot.
2. ROLE IN DEFENCE MECHANISM
-Gama Globulins play an important role in defense mechanism of
body by acting as antibodies. These proteins are also called
Immunoglobulin.
3. PLASMA PROTEINS AS CARRIER PROTEINS
-Some act as carriers for water insoluble (lipophilic) substances .
For example- Albumin act as carrier of steroid hormones , fatty
acids ,thyroid hormone
-Corticosteroid by globulins.

9. 4. ROLE IN MAITENANCE OF ONCOTIC PRESSURE IN
BLOOD
Oncotic Pressure/Colloid osmotic pressure-It is a form of osmotic
pressure exerted by plasma protein especially albumin in blood
vessels .It is 28mmHg in normal human plasma.
At the capillary level, most of substances are exchanged
between blood and tissues.
however, because of large size, some plasma proteins
failed to pass through the capillary membrane
These proteins then remain in blood and exert colloidal
osmotic pressure.
Since, concentration of albumin is more than other
plasma proteins, it exerts maximum osmotic pressure.
Albumin generates about 80% of oncotic pressure.
Globulin-20% and almost none from fibrinogen.

10. 5. ROLE IN REGULATION OF ACID-BASE BALANCE
-In this also Albumin plays an important role .Because of the
virtue of their buffering action.
6.PLASMA PROTEINS AS A SOURCE OF AMINO ACIDS FOR
THE TISSUES.
When tissue become depleted of proteins
Tissue macrophages through pinocytosis takes in plasma protein
.
Here, it is split into amino acids that are transported back into the
blood
And used throughout the body to build cellular proteins .

11. 7. ROLE IN ERYTHROCYTE SEDEMENTATION
RATE(ESR)
-Globulin and fibrinogen accelerates the tendency
of rouleaux formation by the RBCs . Rouleaux
formation is responsible for ESR which is an
important diagnostic tool.
8. ROLE IN VISCOSITY OF BLOOD
-Plasma protein provides viscosity to blood , which
determines blood flow. mportant to maintain blood
pressure.

12. FUNCTION OF DIFFERENT PLASMA
PROTEIN

13. It is a process in which plasma can be removed from blood without
removing the red blood cells.
Procedure-
Venous blood is removed from the patient
Blood cells are separated from plasma by equipment called cell
separator
An anticoagulant is used to preserve clotting of blood when it is
removed from body.
After separation of blood cells, the plasma is Thrown off
Blood cells are returned to blood stream of patient by mixing with a
substitute (saline fluid).

14.  It can be used in patient who have excess plasma
protein in their blood making it viscous
Used to remove certain antibodies from blood
which may cause autoimmune disease. Though it
can not prevent the production of antibodies by the
immune system of the body.

15. APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
1.GOODPASTURE SYNDROME :-
Autoimmune disease in which antibodies
damage basement membrane in lungs and
kidneys.
2.HYPERVISCOSITY SYNDROME:-Increased
viscosity of blood due to excess plasma proteins
particularly immuno globulins .So, there is
blockage of blood flow in some areas.

16. ARTI SIROHI
PARA:-18
ROLL NO.-17