Brachial plexus

1. M.B.B.S {GMC,
AMBEDKARNAGAR}
DR. RAHUL SINGH THAKUR

2. DESCRIBE Brahcial Plexus in details. 10 MARKS (2011 SUPPLY , 2012 MAIN)
SHORT NOTE ON Brachial Plexus. 2013 MAIN, 2014 MAIN, 2014 SUPPLY , 2015 MAIN, 2017 MAIN
Enumerate Posterior cord of Brachial Plexus 2014 SUPPLY , 2015 MAIN, 2017 MAIN
EVERY second terminal and PCT

3. NervesPlexus
The principal plexuses are:
1. Cervical plexus
2. Brachial plexus
3. Lumbar plexus
4. Sacral plexus
5. Cocygeal plexus

4. Brachial Plexus
The anterior (ventral) rami of spinal nerves C5-C8 and T1
form the brachial plexus.
Passes above the first rib posterior to the clavicle and then
enter the axilla (cervicoaxillary canal).
The brachial plexus provide the entire nerve supply of the
shoulder and upper limbs.

5. Five important nerves arise from brachial plexus
are:
1. Axillary nerve
2. Musculocutaneous nerve
3. Radial nerve
4. Median nerve
5. Ulnar nerve
BrachialPlexus

6. SOME BASIC TERMS
GREY MATTER: COLLECTION OF CELL BODIES within CNS
WHITE MATTER: BUNDLES OF AXONS
CEPHALIC – UPWARDS
CAUDIALLY – DOWNWARDS
ASCENDING TRACT- UPWARDS
DESCENDING TRACTS- DOWNWARDS
R TO L FIBRES: COMMISURE FIBRE
e.g corpus callosum
Peduncles : bundle of nerve fibre

7. Where Ventral Rami Come
From
Dorsal Root
Ventral Root
spinalnerve
Dorsal Ramusof
spinal nerve
Ventral Ramus
of spinalnerve

8. Branchesof aSpinalNerve
Spinal nerves: 8cervical, 12
thoracic, 5lumbar, 5sacral
and 1coccygeal.
Each has dorsal and ventral
ramus.

10. Parts of BrachialPlexus
Roots
Trunks
Divisions
Cords
Branches
Real
Trainers
Drink
Cold
Beer

11. Relationship of cords of brachial plexus
with axillary artery

15. Specific Branches
One can remember the specific branches of lateral,
posterior and medial cord using the mnemonic LML,
ULNAR , M4U respectively.
LML–
Lateral pectoral nerve ,
Musculocutaneous nerve ,
Lateral root of the median nerve.

16. ULNAR –
Upper subscapular nerve ,
Lower subscapular nerve ,
Nerve to latissmus dorsi (thoracodorsal nerve) ,
Axillary nerve ,
Radial nerve.

17. M4U –
Medial pectoral nerve ,
Medial root of the median nerve ,
Medial cutaneous nerve of the arm ,
Medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm ,
Ulnar nerve.

18. Supraspinatus,
infraspinatus
C6, C6SuprascapularSuperior trunk
SubclaviusC5, C6SubclavianSuperior trunk
Serratus anteriorC5, C6,
C7
Long thoracicRoots
Rhomboid minor, major
and levator scapulae
C5Dorsal scapularRoots
MusclesRootNerveFrom

19. MusclesRootNerveFrom
SubscapularisC5, C6Upper subcsapular
nerve
Posterior cord
Fibers to the median
nerve
C5. C6,
C7
Lateral root of the
median nerve
Lateral cord
Coracobrachialis,
brachialis, biceps
brachii
C5. C6,
C7
Musculocutaneous
nerve
Lateral cord
Pectoralis majorC5. C6,
C7
Lateral pectoral
nerve
Lateral cord

20. Triceps brachii,
supinator, anconeus,
extensor muscles move
the hand,
brachioradialis
C5-C8, T1Radial nervePosterior cord
Anterior branch:
Deltoid
Posterior branch: Teres
minor
C5, C6Axillary nervePosterior cord
SubscapularisC5, C6Lower
subscapular
Posterior cord
Latissimus dorsiC6, C7, C8Thoracodorsal
nerve
Posterior cord
MusclesRootNerveFrom

21. Skin of medial and
posterior aspects of
forearm
C8, T1Medial cutaneous
nerve of the
forearm (medial
antebrachial
cutaneous)
Medial cord
Skin of medial and
posterior aspect of
distal third of arm
C8, T1Medial cutaneous
nerve of the arm
(medial brachial
cutaneous)
Medial cord
Fibers to the median
nerve
C8, T1Medial root of
median nerve
Medial cord
Pectoralis major,
Pectoralis minor
C8, T1Medial pectoral
nerve
Medial cord
MusclesRootNerveFrom

22. From Nerve Root Muscles
Medial cord Ulnar nerve C8, T1 Flexor carpi ulnaris,
flexor digitorum
profundus, most of the
small muscles of the
hand

24. APPLIED ANATOMY

25. ERB’SPARALYSIS
• Erb’s point
• Causes
• Nerve roots involved
• Muscles Paralysed
• Deformity
• Disability

26. LEFTSIDE PARALYSIS

27. Klumpke’s
paralysis-
Site of injury
Causeof injury
Nerve roots involved
Muscles paralysed
Deformity
Disability

28. CLAWHAND HORNERSYNDROME

29. Klumpke’s palsy
Results from a brachial plexus injury in which
C8 and T1 nerves are injured .
Affects, the intrinsic muscles of the hand and
the flexors of the wrist and fingers.
The classic presentation of klumpke's palsy is
the “claw hand” where the forearm is supinated
and the wrist and fingers are hyperextended
with flexion at interphalangeal and metatarso
phalangeal joints.

30. Erb’s palsy
Erb's palsy (Erb-Duchenne Palsy) is a
paralysis of the arm caused by injury to
the upper trunk C5-C6.
signs of Erb's Palsy
include loss of sensation in the arm and
paralysis and atrophy of the deltoid,
biceps, and brachialis muscles.
the arm hangs by the side and is rotated
medially; the forearm is extended and
pronated. commonly called "waiter's tip
hand."

31. Thank You