Communication is the most important aspect of life. It helps in exchange of ideas,thoughts, views, perception, etc. It create a link between two or more people .

3. • MEANING
• TYPES
• MODEL
• PRINCIPLES
• CONCLUSION

4. Communication is a process of
exchanging information, ideas, thoughts,
feelings and emotions through speech,
signals, writing, or behavior.
Communication word is
derived from Latin word “communicare”
which means “to share”.
MEANING

5. People communicate with each other in a
number of ways that depend upon the
message and its context in which it is being
sent.
TYPES
VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION

6. Verbal communication refers to the form of communication in
which message is transmitted verbally; communication is done
by word of mouth and a piece of writing.
In verbal communication remember the acronym
KISS(keep it short and simple)
Verbal Communication is further divided into:
1. Oral Communication
2. Written Communication
Verbal Communication

7. ORAL COMMUNICATION
In oral communication, Spoken
words are used. It includes face-to-
face conversations, speech,
telephonic conversation, video,
radio, television, voice over
internet.
ADVANTAGES
• quick feedback
• reading facial expression
• easy to perform
WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
In written communication, written
signs or symbols are used to
communicate. A written message
may be printed or hand written.
In written communication
message can be transmitted via
email, letter, report, memo etc.
ADVANTAGES
• messages can be edited and
revised many time
• provide record of messages
• enables receiver to fully
understand it and send
appropriate feedback.

8. Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal communication is the sending or receiving of wordless
messages such as gesture, body language, posture, tone of voice
or facial expressions.
It is all about the body language of speaker.
THREE ELEMENTS OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION
• Appearance
Speaker: clothing, hairstyle, neatness, use of cosmetics
Surrounding: room size, lighting, decorations, furnishings
• Body Language
facial expressions, gestures, postures
• Sounds
Voice Tone, Volume, Speech rate

9. MODELS
• ARISTOTLE MODEL
• LASSWELL MODEL
• SHANNON-WEAVER MODEL
• BERLO’S SMCR
• SCHRAMM
• CONTEMPORARY

10. ARISTOTLE’S MODEL
Aristotle , well known Ancient Greek thinker , unveiled
an operation involving by oral communication. He
articulates of any communication practice consisting of
a new loudspeaker ,a message and also a listener.
ARISTOTLE’S MODEL
SENDER MESSAGE RECEIVER

11. LASSWELL MODEL
Harold Lasswell , a political scientist ,designed a
communication exchanges in 1940s by mixing the main
elements of communication.
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION
WHO – Sender of the messages
WHAT – message
CHANNEL – the way of sending the message
WHOM – the receiver of the message
LASSWELL’S MODEL
WHO WHAT CHANNEL WHOM

12. SHANNON-WEAVER MODEL
Elwood Shannon and Warren Weaver were engineers that worked for Bell
Telephone Labs in the United States. Their goal was to make sure that the
telephone cables and radio waves were working at the maximum
efficiency. The Shannon–Weaver model was developed in 1949 which is
referred as the 'mother of all models‘.
ELEMENTS OF SHANNON-WEAVER MODEL
• Information source, which produces a message.
• Transmitter, which encodes the message into signals
• Channel, for which signals are adapted for transmission
• Receiver, which reconstructs the encoded message from a sequence of received signals and
decodes it.
• Information destination, where the message arrives.
SHANNON-WEAVER MODEL
SOURCE TRANSMITTER CHANNEL RECEIVER DESTINATION

13. BERLO’S SMCR MODEL
David Berlo ,a communication theorist and consultant developed a model
named S-M-C-R model of communication in 1960s. The Berlo's
communication process include communication source, message, channel
and receiver.
ELEMENTS OF BERLO’S SMCR MODEL
S = SENDER
M = MESSAGE
C = CHANNEL
R = RECEIVER
BERLO’S MODEL
SENDER MESSAGE CHANNEL RECEIVER

14. SCHRAMM’S MODEL
Schramm on the other hand, emphasized in 1954 that both
the sender and the receiver take turns playing the role of the
encoder and the decoder when it comes to communication.
Communication content and form make
messages that are sent towards a destination. The target can
be oneself, another person or being, another entity (such as
a corporation or group of beings).
SCHRAMM’S MODEL
SOURCE DESTINATIONENCODER DECODERSIGNAL

15. MODERN COMMUNICATION MODEL
The modern style of communication is developed with the help of Shannon -
Weaver communication model and Schramm’s model .It consist of communicator
,encoding ,information ,medium ,receiver ,decoding and feedback.
MODERN COMMUNICATION MODEL

16. Principles of Communication
1. Clarity: The principle of clarity means the communicator should use such a
language which is easy to understand. The language should not create any confusion
or misunderstanding.
2. Adequacy and Consistency: The communicator must carefully take into account
that the information to be communicated should be complete and adequate in all
respect. Inadequate and incomplete message creates confusion and delays the action
to be taken.
3. Integration: The principle of integration portrays that through communication the
efforts of human resources of the organisation should be integrated towards
achievement of corporate objectives.
4. Economy: The unnecessary use of communication system will add to cost. The
system of communication must be used efficiently, timely i.e. at the appropriate time
and when it is necessary.
5. Feedback: The purpose of communication will be defeated if feedback is not taken
from the receiver. The feedback is essential only in case of written communication
and messages sent through messengers. In case of oral type of communication the
feedback is immediately known.

17. Communication helps in understanding people better by
removing misunderstanding and creating clarity of thoughts and
expression. It also educates people .
Communication brings people together,
closer to each other. It bridges the gap between individuals and
groups through flow of information and understanding between
them. Information is the most vital aspect for communication.