Education

1. WELCOME TO SEMINAR
SUBJECT : METHODOLOGY OF EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH
TOPIC : HISTORICAL RESEARCH
Observed BY
Mr. Madhu
Assistant professor
Department of Education
Kuvempu University
Presented BY
DRAVYA
M.Ed. I Semester
Department of Education
Kuvempu University

2. Index
 Introduction
 Meaning of Historical Research
 Definition of Historical Research
 Nature of Historical Research
 Significance of Historical Research
 Steps of Historical Research
 Primary and secondary sources of information
 External and internal criticism of the source
 Conclusion
 Bibliography

3. Historical Research
Introduction: there are number of methodologies that can be used in qualitative
research. Now let us look specifically at historical research as a methodology for
qualitative research. An overview of historical research which includes meaning, nature,
significance, steps, primary and secondary sources of information, external and internal
criticism of the source.
Meaning of historical research
It is a process of enquiry into past events. The process involves investigating,
recording, analysing and interpreting the event of the past for the purpose of gain clear
perspective of the present. It is a qualitative research.

4. Definitions of historical research
According to Wiersma(1986)historical research in this
way, it is a process of critical inquiry into past events, in
order to produce an accurate description and interpretation
of those events.
According to Berg and Lure historical research or
historiography, attempts to systematically recapture the
complex nuances, the people, meaning, events and even
ideals of the past that have influenced and shaped the
present.

5. Nature of historical research
•Historical research involves the carefully study and analysis of
data about past events.
•It is a critical investigation of events, there development
experience of past.
•The purpose is to gain a clear understanding of the impact of
past on present and future event related to life process.
•Involves the review of written materials but may include oral
documentation as well.
•It helps to reform the present and future in the light of past.
•There is no choice of sampling in historical research.
•There is little scope for verification of result in this research.
•The success of research is depends upon types of quality of data
available.

6. Significance of historical research
•It enables educationalist to find out solution to
temporary problem which have their roots in the past.
•It throws light on present trends and can help in
predicting future trends.
•It enables the researcher to re-evaluate data in relation to
select hypothesis, theories and generalization that are
presently held about the past.
•It enables us to understand how and why educational
theories and practices developed.
•It’s solves the contemporary problems

7. Steps of historical research
There are eight steps involved in historical research
•Developing a paper work management system
•Selecting a topic
•Background Reading for historical context
•Narrowing your topic
•Gathering and recording information.
•Analysing and interpreting sources and the topics
significance in history
•Developing a thesis
•Finalizing a NHD research project

8. •Developing a paper work management system: organisation is a key
factors in successful research the teacher should encourage students in
the beginning stage of research to select a paper work management
system.
•Selecting a topic: teacher should work with students to selected topic
related to annual theme. Brainstorming ideas are looking through the
historical textbook are great ways to begin thinking about potential
topics.
•Background reading for historical context: take time to support
students in regarding widely about their topic look at several different
historical books about the time period in which the topic take place.

9. •Narrowing your topic: select a national history day topic is a process of
gradually narrowing the area of history that interest the students. For example
if the students is interested in American Indians and the theme is right and
responsibilities in history a natural topic which be treaty right after reading
several text and journal about American Indians and treaties the process might
look something like this. Theme: Right in history; Interest: American
Indians; Topic: treaty rights; Issue: 1788 Fort Schuyler treaty.
•Gathering and recording information: to be a responsible researcher
students must credit source from which they gathered information to begin the
process however it is important for the students to collect the critical
information from each sources as they read including the authors, name, title,
publisher, date of publication and the page number for quotes.
•Analysing and interpreting sources and the topics significance in history:
historians do more than describe events. They analyse and interpret
information gathered from their sources of draw conclusion about the topics
significance in history. Student should do the same. Therefore teacher should
be help students to ask the questions about their topic and Research.

10. •Developing a thesis: statement is usually one sentence that presents
and argument about the topic. The body of the paper or website, the
script of the performance or documentary, and the headings and
caption in an exhibit then are used to support the thesis using the
evidence from the researcher.
•Finalising a NHD research project:when research is completed and
ready to present to an audience as the students to review whether there
work includes
•Analysis and interpretation
•Significance and impact
•In death research
•Historical accuracy
•Historical context
•Adherence to the theme

11. Primary and secondary sources of information
Primary sources: primary sources are the first witness to a facts they are available in the
form of personal records, official records, pictorial records and mechanical records etc.
•Primary sources are the raw information or the first hand evidence you gathered in research.
•Give us direct, first hand information.
•Main object of analysis in a research study.
•Can be subjective and personal
•Interview transcripts, survey result, official documents, works of art, photography, video
footage and diary entries.
Secondary sources: information provided by the person, who did not directly observe the
event. The writer of the secondary sources may have directly contact on actual observer or
read information provided by the actual observer.
•Secondary sources are source that interpret or analyse the information from primary sources.
•Other people interpretation of this information.
• Describe, interpret, generalize or synthesize primary sources.
•Tends to be more objective
•Journal articles, reference books, textbooks, encyclopaedia, document arises and academic
essays are some example of secondary sources.

12. External and internal criticism of the source
External criticism: the practice of verifying the authenticity of evidence
by examining its physical characteristics, consistency with the historical
characteristics of the time when it was produced and the material used
for the evidence.
•Example of the things that will be examined when conducting external
criticism of the document include the quality of the paper, the type of ink
and the language and the words used in the material along others.
•Researchers check the authenticity and validity of the data.
Internal criticism
•Looks at content of the source and examines the circumstances of its
production.
•Looks at the truthfulness and factuality of the evidence by looking at the
author of the source. It’s content, the agenda behind its creation.
•After the source is authenticated it asks if the source is accurate.

13. Conclusion
In this way historical research can be
caused as qualitative research. It is very useful for the
research of history in systematic way. It easily
understood past concept with using so many steps,
sources of information and criticism.

14. Bibliography :
Serial
number
Title of book Author name Page
number
1 Research methodology C.R. Kotari 115-123
2 Methodology of
research
S.Chand 80-85
3 www.youtube.com
4. www.slideshare.com