En este caso nos ocupamos de uno de los aspectos gramaticales que incluye el nivel B1, B2 y en adelante y las cuales hay que conocer en cierta profundidad. Las frases condicionales son estructuras del inglés en las cuales, si cierta condición, situación o circunstancia es verdadera, entonces sucede un resultado concreto.

1. Conditional Sentences
Structure :
A conditional sentence is composed of 2
parts :
If-clause + Main Clause
Example :
If it rains tomorrow, we will not come.
If-clause Main Clause

2. Conditional Sentences
Types :
 There are 4 types of conditional sentences.
They are classified according to their
specific
implications.
 Each type of conditional sentences uses
different tenses to show the difference in
their implications.

3. Conditional Sentences
Type 0 :
Use
:
Talk about universal truth.
Tense
:
Present tense in both clauses
Example
:
If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.
Present Tense Present Tense
If you pour oil into water, it floats.

4. Conditional Sentences
Type 1
Use : Talk about a present or future probable case.
Tense : If-clause ~ Present Tense
Main Clause ~ Future Tense
Example :
If I feel sick, I will not go to school.
Present Tense Future Tense
If it rains tomorrow, the match will be cancelled.

5. Conditional Sentences
Type 2 (Present Subjunctive)
Use : Talk about a present or future improbable
case. (A case that is unlikely to happen)
Tense : If-clause ~ Past Tense
Main Clause ~ would + an infinitive
Example :
If he were a bird, he would fly across the harbour.
Past Tense Would + infinitive
If I had $200,000 now, I would buy a car.

6. Conditional Sentences
Type 3 (Past Subjunctive)
Use
:
Talk about a past, impossible case
Tense : If-clause ~ Past Perfect Tense
Main Clause ~ Would + Present Perfect
FormExample :
If I had had enough money, I would have bought the
camera yesterday.
Past Perfect Tense Would + Present Perfect Form
If I had come home earlier, I would not have missed the
programme.

7. Conditional Sentences
Variations:
Type
1 :If you see John, ask him to come and see me.
Should you see John, ask him to come and see
me.
SHOULD may
replace IF in type
1
Type 2 :
If I were an aeroplane, I could fly in the sky.
Were I an aeroplane, I could fly in the sky.
COULD or MIGHT may
replace WOULD
WERE may replace IF in an inversion

8. Conditional Sentences
Type 3 :
If I had come home earlier, I would not have
missed the programme.
Had I come home earlier, I would not have
missed the programme.
HAD may replace IF in an
inversion

9. Conditional Sentences
Type 2 & Type 3 :
If it were not for the rain, we would go to Shatin. (Type
2)
But for the rain, we would go to Shatin.
But for+ a noun may
replace `If it were not
for’
If it had not been for the traffic jam, we would have
arrived on time. (Type 3)
But for the traffic jam, we would have arrived on time.
But for + a noun may replace
`If it had not been for’

10. END