Review all Tenses

1. Conditionals
If you focus well, you will learn this in no time! ;)

2. Conditional tenses are used to speculate
about:
- what could happen,
- what might have happened,
- what we wish would happen.
In English, most sentences using
conditionals contain the word if or when.
What
are
Conditionals?

3. Many conditional forms include verbs in one of the
past tenses.
"the unreal past"
This usage is referred to as
because we use a past tense but we are NOT
actually referring to something that happened in the
past.
if clause
Conditionals are made up of an and a main
"unless"
clause. In many negative conditional sentences, we
use instead of "if" or “when”.
What
are
Conditionals?

4. ● are used to referto general truths.
● are often expressed with "if" or
"when".
Types of Conditionals
Zero Conditional
Zero Conditionals...
● are used when the time referred to is
now or always and the situation is
real and possible.

5. Types of Conditionals
Zero Conditional
IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
‘If’ + simple
present
Simple present
If this thing
happens
that thing happens
If you heat ice it melts.
If it rains the grass gets wet.
● are used to referto general truths.
● are often expressed with "if" or
"when".
Zero Conditionals...
● are used when the time referred to is
now or always and the situation is
real and possible.

6. Types of Conditionals
Zero Conditional
IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
‘If’ + simple
present
Simple present
If this thing
happens
that thing happens
If you heat ice it melts.
If it rains the grass gets wet.
WRITE YOUR OWN SENTENCE!
● are used to referto general truths.
● are often expressed with "if" or
"when".
Zero Conditionals...
● are used when the time referred to is
now or always and the situation is
real and possible.

7. ● are used to refer to a possible
condition and its probable result
● are expressed with the ‘if’ clause in
the simple present, and the main
clause in the simple future.
Types of Conditionals
Type 1(First Conditional)
T
ype 1 Conditionals...
● are used to refer to the present or
future where the situation is real.

8. Types of Conditionals
Type 1(First Conditional)
IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
‘If’ +
simple
present
Simple future
If this thing
happens
that thing will happen.
If you
don’t hurry
you will miss the deadline.
If it rains today you will get wet.
● are used to refer to a possible
condition and its probable result
● are expressed with the ‘if’ clause in
the simple present, and the main
clause in the simple future.
T
ype 1 Conditionals...
● are used to refer to the present or
future where the situation is real.

9. Types of Conditionals
Type 1(First Conditional)
I
FCLAUSE MAI
N CLAUSE
‘If’ +simple
present
Simple future
Ifthisthing
happens
that thing will happen.
Ifyou don’t hurry you will missthe deadline.
Ifit rains today you will get wet.
WRITE YOUR OWN SENTENCE!
● are used to refer to the present or
future where the situation is real.
● are used to refer to a possible
condition and its probable result
● are expressed with the ‘if’ clause in
the simple present, and the main
clause in the simple future.
T
ype 1 Conditionals...

10. ● are not based on fact.
are used to refer to hypothetical
conditions and probable results.
● are expressed with the if clause in
simple past, and the main clause in
the present conditional.
Types of Conditionals
Type 2 (Second Conditional)
T
ype 2 Conditionals...
● are used to refer to a time that is
now or any time, and a situation
that isunreal.

11. Types of Conditionals
Type 2 (Second Conditional)
IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
‘If’ + simple past Present conditional or
present continuous
conditional
If this thing
happened
that thing would happen OR
that thing would be
happening.
If you went to
bed earlier
you would not be so tired.
If it rained you would get wet.
If I spoke Italian I would totally live in Italy.
● are not based on fact.
are used to refer to hypothetical
conditions and probable results.
● are expressed with the if clause in
simple past, and the main clause in
the present conditional.
T
ype 2 Conditionals...
● are used to refer to a time that is
now or any time, and a situation
that isunreal.

12. Types of Conditionals
Type 2 (Second Conditional)
IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
‘If’ + simple past Present conditional or
present continuous
conditional
If this thing
happened
that thing would happen OR
that thing would be
happening.
If you went to
bed earlier
you would not be so tired.
If it rained you would get wet.
If I spoke Italian I would totally live in Italy.
WRITE YOUR OWN SENTENCE!
● are not based on fact.
are used to refer to hypothetical
conditions and probable results.
● are expressed with the if clause in
simple past, and the main clause in
the present conditional.
T
ype 2 Conditionals...
● are used to refer to a time that is
now or any time, and a situation
that isunreal.

13. ● are stated with basis facts that are
the opposite of what is expressed.
are used to refer to an unreal past
condition and its probable past
result.
● are expressed with the if clause in past
perfect, and the main clause in perfect
conditional.
Types of Conditionals
Type 3 (Third Conditional)
T
ype 3 Conditionals...
● are used to refer to a time that is in
the past, and a situation that is
contrary to reality

14. Types of Conditionals
Type 3 (Third Conditional)
IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
‘If’ + past perfect Perfect conditional or perfect
continuous conditional
If this thing
had
happened
that thing would have
happened OR that thing
would have been happening.
If you had
studied harder
you would have passed the exam.
If it had rained you would have gotten wet.
If I had accepted
the promotion
I would have been working in Italy.
● are stated with basis facts that are
the opposite of what is expressed.
are used to refer to an unreal past
condition and its probable past
result.
● are expressed with the if clause in past
perfect, and the main clause in perfect
conditional.
T
ype 3 Conditionals...
● are used to refer to a time that is in
the past, and a situation that is
contrary to reality

15. Types of Conditionals
Type 3 (Third Conditional)
IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
‘If’ + past perfect Perfect conditional orperfect continuous
conditional
If this thing
had
happened
that thing would have happened OR
that thing would have been
happening.
If you had
studied harder
you would have passed the exam.
If it had rained you would have gotten wet.
If I had accepted the
promotion
I would have been working in Italy.
WRITE YOUR OWN SENTENCE!
● are stated with basis facts that are
the opposite of what is expressed.
are used to refer to an unreal past
condition and its probable past
result.
● are expressed with the if clause in past
perfect, and the main clause in perfect
conditional.
T
ype 3 Conditionals...
● are used to refer to a time that is in
the past, and a situation that is
contrary to reality

16. Note!
Conditionals do NOT always have to begin
with the ‘If’ clause.
The main clause can also come first:
“I would have fully rested during my term
break if I had submitted my projects on time”
In this case there is no need for a comma
between the two clauses.

17. The Secret Code of Conditionals!!!
Conditional
sentence type
Usage ‘If’ clause
verb tense
Main clause verb
tense
Zero General truths Simple tense Simple present
Type 1 A possible
condition and
its probable
result
Simple present Simple future
Type 2 A hypothetical
condition and
its probable
result
Simple past Present
conditional or
Present
continuous
conditional
Type 3 An unreal past
condition and its
probable result
in the past
Past perfect Perfect
conditional

18. Quiz!
What type of Conditionals are in the following sentences?
Conditiona
l type
Usage ‘If’ clause verb tense Main clause verb
tense
Zero General truths Simple tense Simple present
Type 1 A possible condition and
its probable result
Simple present Simple future
Type 2 A hypothetical condition and
its probable result
Simple past Present conditional
or Present
continuous
conditional
Type 3 An unreal past condition and
its probable result in the
past
Past perfect Perfect conditional
1. If Iexercised, Iwould be less likely to have depression.

19. Quiz!
What type of Conditionals are in the following sentences?
Conditiona
l type
Usage ‘If’ clause verb tense Main clause verb
tense
Zero General truths Simple tense Simple present
Type 1 A possible condition and
its probable result
Simple present Simple future
Type 2 A hypothetical condition and
its probable result
Simple past Present conditional
or Present
continuous
conditional
Type 3 An unreal past condition and
its probable result in the
past
Past perfect Perfect conditional
2. When the temperature reaches zero degrees Celsius, water freezes.

20. Quiz!
What type of Conditionals are in the following sentences?
Conditiona
l type
Usage ‘If’ clause verb tense Main clause verb
tense
Zero General truths Simple tense Simple present
Type 1 A possible condition and
its probable result
Simple present Simple future
Type 2 A hypothetical condition and
its probable result
Simple past Present conditional
or Present
continuous
conditional
Type 3 An unreal past condition and
its probable result in the
past
Past perfect Perfect conditional
3. We might have seen each other at the mall if we had gone there at the same time.

21. Quiz!
What type of Conditionals are in the following sentences?
Conditiona
l type
Usage ‘If’ clause verb tense Main clause verb
tense
Zero General truths Simple tense Simple present
Type 1 A possible condition and
its probable result
Simple present Simple future
Type 2 A hypothetical condition and
its probable result
Simple past Present conditional
or Present
continuous
conditional
Type 3 An unreal past condition and
its probable result in the
past
Past perfect Perfect conditional
4. Ifyou had admitted the truth, you wouldn’t have to make up so many excuses.

22. Quiz!
What type of Conditionals are in the following sentences?
Conditiona
l type
Usage ‘If’ clause verb tense Main clause verb
tense
Zero General truths Simple tense Simple present
Type 1 A possible condition and
its probable result
Simple present Simple future
Type 2 A hypothetical condition and
its probable result
Simple past Present conditional
or Present
continuous
conditional
Type 3 An unreal past condition and
its probable result in the
past
Past perfect Perfect conditional
5. If you keep going outside, you might get infected.

23. Quiz!
Which verb is correct?
6. What would you do if it (rained/ will rain/ would rain) on your wedding day?
7. Ifshe comes, I(will/ would/ would have) call you.
8. When Ieat peanut butter, I(would have gotten/ would get/ get) sick.
9. Iwould have driven you home if they had not (take/ taken/ would take) the car.