3. INTRODUCTION
• Planning is essential in every walk
of life. Each person must frame a
plan to recede in his activities. The
plan period maybe short or long.
Planning is the first and foremost
function of management
• Effective planning facilities early
achievement of objectives, which
depends upon the efficiency of
the planner. A planner can
develop his efficiency by preparing
himself to face the functional
developments.
4. WHAT IS PLANNING?
•Planning is an intellectual process of
thinking resorted to decide a course
of action which helps achieve the
predetermined objectives of the
organization future. Separate plans
are prepared for various
departments, and then the top
executives of the organization take
steps to coordinate the various
departmental plans.
7. NATURE OF
PLANNING
Planning is flexible
Unity and consistency
Planning is common to all
Basis for all managerial functions
Getting coordination
Considering limiting factors
8. PLANNING VS.
FORECASTING
•Remember planning is
not forecasting.
Forecasting is guessing of
the future course of
events correctly, whereas
planning is a wider term
that includes forecasting,
and it is part of planning
and is based on the
experience.
9. IMPORTANCE
OF PLANNING
•Through planning objectives
are achieved and anticipates
the achieved well in advance.
Defective planning leads to
failure of the organization.
Effective planning can
anticipate the uncertain events
and help prepare the
workforce to meet the
situation to survive. Planning
helps the businessman get
early success.
10.
11. ADVANTAGES
OF PLANNING
Planning provides direction
Planning provides a unifying framework
Planning reduces risk of uncertainty
Planning establishes objectives or
standards that facilitate control
Planning encourages innovation and
creativity
12. DISADVANTAGES OF PLANNING
PLANNING MAY
CREATE RIGIDITY
IT PREVENTS
INNOVATION
PLANS CAN’T BE
DEVELOPED FOR
A DYNAMIC
ENVIRONMENT
FORMAL PLANS
CAN’T REPLACE
INTUITION AND
CREATIVITY
PLANNING IS
COSTLY AND
TIME
CONSUMING
13. STRATEGIC AND TACTICAL PLANS
Strategic plans are plans that apply to the entire organization establish
the organization’s overall objectives and seek to position the
organization in terms of its environment.
Tactical plans (sometimes referred to as operational plans) are
concerned with the implementation of strategic plans by coordinating
the work of different departments in the organization.
Strategic and tactical plans differ in three primary ways their time
frame, scope, and whether they include a known set of
organizational objectives.
14. SHORT-TERM AND
LONG-TERM PLANS
• Short-term plans are plans that
covers less than one year.
• Long-term plans are plans that
extend beyond five years.
• Their differences lie in the
length of future commitments
and the degree of variability
organizations face.
15. METHODS
OF
PLANNING
•Objectives are treated as
basic a plan that is
necessary for all types of
planning operations.
Objective also play role in
organizing, directing and
controlling.
Objective Plans
16. STANDING PLANS
•It includes policies and procedures and
is liable repetitive actions. Actions can
be repetitive and non repetitive. It
helps ready guidelines for solving
recurring problems. Recurring
problems are solved in different way.
17. MASTER
PLANS
•Master Plan covers the
complete course of
action along with
consideration of time
and strategy. Plans may
be either broad or
detailed in character
21. ENUMERATION
1. ____________ is an intellectual process of thinking resorted to decide a
course of action which helps achieve the predetermined objectives of the
organization future.
2. ______________ through planning objectives are achieved and
anticipates the achieved well in advance. Defective planning leads to
failure of the organization.
3. ______________ covers the complete course of action along with
consideration of time and strategy.
4. ______________ It includes policies and procedures and is liable
repetitive actions.
5. ______________ plans that covers less than one year and plans that
extend beyond five years.
TEST I
22. 1-2 Give at least 2 Characteristics of Planning (In any order)
3-4 Give at least 2 Objectives of Planning (In any order)
5-6 Give at least 2 Nature of Planning (In any order)
7. STRATEGIC AND __________ PLANS.
8. DVATEGSANA OF LPNNNIAG
9. SDIDANAVATSGE OF LPNNNIAG
10. OB_T_CL_S O_ _L__N_I_G
TEST II
23. THANKYOU!
Members:
• Erasmo, Davon
• Gone, Adrian
• Joseph, Anadel
• Quiros, John Earl
• Compra, Danilo
• Unabia, Karel
• Demerin, Denzelvon
• Hadani, Nurpaina
• Abucay, Justin
• Bawisan, Carlo
