How to earn from waste

1. Institute Of Environmental Studies
Name : Daniyal Haider
Seat No : EH2011019
Semester : 3nd
Solid Waste Life Cycle Inventory
Country: Pakistan
Province: Sindh
City: Karachi
Town : Korangi Town
Composition of waste :
The types of wastes or garbage generate are : household ,commercial, industrial
and street sweepings. The mixed municipal solid waste (MSW) comprises food
waste , kitchen waste, green waste, paper waste, plastic waste, glasses, can,
metal, plastic, dirt, rock, clothing, tetra pack, debris, lighting bulb, sand and
wood/board and other miscellaneous items. 50% of the waste is organic including
food and agriculture waste.

2. Population of Town in 2020 :912,795
Per Capita Waste Generation : 0.5-1.0kg/capita/Day (Middle Income Area)
Q1. Calculate the total amount of waste generated by the respective town per day, per week, per
month.
Waste generation: 0.5_1.0 kg per capita per day
Average: 0.75 kg per capita per day
Population: 912,795(2020)
Total Waste generated:
912,795 X 0.75 = 684,596.25 kg/day =684.59625 ton/day
684,596.25 X 7 = 4792173.75 kg/week =4792.17375 ton/day
684,596.25 X 30 = 20537887.5 kg/month =20537.8875 ton/day
Q2. Calculate the percentage of following material using the data below in the total solid waste
generation of respective town (per day, per week, per month)
Type of waste Waste
compositon
(%)
Kg/day Kg/Week Kg/month
Food 30 205378.87 1437652.12 6161366.1
Paper and cardboard 11 75305.58 527139.11 2259167.4
Agriculture waste 20 136919.25 958434.75 4107577.5
Plastic andpolythene 10 68459.62 479217.37 2053788.6
Glass 2.5 17114.90 119804.34 513447
Metals 0.3 2053.78 14376.52 61613.4

3. Q3. Calculate the following cost (per day, per week, per month) using the
following data. Assuming that two landfill are available; Jam Chakro and
Govind pass
i. Calculate approximate distance from town to the respective
landfill site considering these sites are 30-35 Km from city centre.
Distance from korangi town to jam chakro = 27km
Distance covered for each cycle = 27km + 27km = 54km
ii. Calculate per ton cost of transportation
(a) Primary transportation
(b) Secondary transportation

4. (a) Primary transportation
Primary transportation will be done manually by labors
Number of labors required for korangi town = 500labors
Salary of each labors = 15000
Cost of labors = 500 X 15000= 7500000 pkr/month
Cost of bags and trolleys = 20000 pkt/month
Totsl cost of primary transportation(per
month)=7520000pkr/month
(b)Secondary transportation
Secondary transportation includes the following
1. Truck
2. Driver
3. Motor coolies
4. Fuel
1. Truck :
Each truck can transfer 5 tons per day
342.295 ton/day waste transferred by =342.295/5 = 68 trucks
Each truck will transfer unattended waste twice a day i.e. two
cycle per day by each truck = 68/2 = 34 trucks
Number of trucks required= 34 trucks per day
Truck rent and parking for 84 trucks =2100000

5. 2. Driver:
Driver required for each truck = 1
Driver required for 84 trucks = 84
Salary of each driver = 25000 pkr/month
Salaries of 84 drivers = 25000 X 84= 2100000 pkr/month
3. Motor coolies:
Motor coolies required for each truck = 2
Motor coolies required for 84 trucks = 84 X 2 = 168
Salary of each motor coolis = 15000
Salaries of 168 motor coolies = 2520000 pkr/month
4. Fuel:
Each truck has to cover 54 km per day for 1 trip
Fuel required for 5 km = 1L
Fuel required for 54 km ( 1cycle) =10.8L ~11L
Fuel required for 108 km ( 2cycle) = 22L
Cost of fuel per L – Rs. 110
Total diesel cost per day :
L of fuel required X No. of trucks X fuel cost per L
= 22L X 34 trucks X Rs.110

6. = 82280 pkr/ day
= 2468400 pkr / month
Total cost of secondary Transportation (per month)
-Truck rent + Drivers salaries + motor coolies salaries + fuel
cost
-2100000 + 2100000 + 2520000 +2468400
-9188400 Pkr/month
Total transportation cost= primary + secondary
= 7520000 + 9188400
= 16708400 Pkr/month
iii. Calculate load transfer per day
Out of total waste generated 684.59625 ton/day.
only 50% has to be land filled ( 30% food waste and
20% agriculture waste)
Load transfer per day = 50% of the total waste
generated is 342.295 ton/day has to be transferred.
Q4.Calculate the cost of recyclable materials.
Economic Recovery
Assuming that segregation done at source.
Recyclable material available are as follows.

7. Food waste (30%) and agriculture waste (20%) i.e. 50% of the
total waste will be transported to the landfill site; the other
recyclable waste will be sold in market after segregation as
following market price.
Waste type Waste
generated
Kg/month
Price in market
(Rs./kg)
Economic
recovery
Pkr/month
Paper and
cardboard
2259167.4 20 45183348
Plastic and
polythene
2053788.6 10 20537886
Glass 513447 5 2567235
Metal 61613.4 30 1848402
Net profit per month 70136871pkr/m
onth
Q5.Calculate the total finances available per day, per week, per
month.
• Net profit per day=2337895.7PKR/day
• Net profit per week=16365269.9PKR/week
• Net profit per month=70136871PKR/month
Q6.Cont benefit analysis.
1. Cost of primary collection/transportation=7520000 PKR/month
2. Cost of secondary
collection/transportation=9188400PKR/month
3. Total cost of primary, secondary, tertiary
collection/transportation=16708400 PKR/month
4. Calculate total finances available per month after Material
recovery and miscellaneous =500000

8. 5. Total = 17208400 PKR/month
Income per month:
• Total finance available per month = 17208400 PKR/month
Net profit per month:
Profit = Income _ Expenditure
= 70136871_ 17208400
Net profit per month = 52928471 PKR/month
PROFIT
Five crore, twenty nine lacks, twenty eight thousand,
four hundred and seventy one rupees per month
6. How you would made the system more effective so that
waste turn into asset.
SUGGESTIONS:
• Aware people about the importance of trash-into-cash
• Source reduction to minimize load transfer and overall
expenditures
• Segregation should be done towards the use of scientific
technology for waste treatment with the revenue amount per
month
• Conversion of organic waste to compost and use as fertilizer