This document provides an overview of government structures and concepts. It begins with definitions of government as an institution to provide common welfare and enact public policies for citizens. It then discusses different types of governments like monarchy, dictatorship, and republic. It also covers concepts like democracy, states, and the origins of the US system, including the Articles of Confederation and US Constitution. The three branches of the US government and their roles are defined.

1. WELCOME
Mr. Mano – Social Studies
Click to add text

2. What is one interesting thing
that you did so far this summer?
Ice breaker

3. Chapter 1 – Foundations for Basic Elements of
Government
You will learn:
• The meaning and purpose of governments
• The function of a state
• The different types of democracy
• Origins of the Articles of Confederation and U.S.
Constitution

4. Section 1: Introduction and meaning

5. What is the meaning of government?
• Government is best defined as an institution to
provide for common welfare
• The purpose of government is to enact public
policies that serve the public good
• Can you think of certain functions of government to
serve to benefit citizens every day?

6. Purpose of government
• We need government to provide for our welfare
• Government helps to keep order within society
• Government can enact policies to help people

7. Section 2: Structures of government
• Monarchy -- Great Britain
• Dictatorship (one) --
North Korea
• Oligarchy (few) -- Russia
• Republic (many) -- USA

8. YOUR TASK
• Examine the differences between the government of
Great Britain and the US
• See if you can identify any similarities and
differences between the two governments – take
a minute to discuss with a peer

9. TYPES
• Federal Government – power shared between national government and
states/provinces
• Confederal Government – power shared between independent states
• Unitary Government – power belongs to national government and delegated
to local government

10. Unit 3: What is the meaning of Democracy
• Individual Meaning - Democracy is characterized by holding free and fair
elections and attributing rights to the people
• Equality – Each individual is deemed as equal under the law and
prescribed rights
• Majority rule - takes demands of the majority into account while
respecting those in the minority
• Compromise – Finding common ground even among differences
• Freedom – The right of individuals to choose for themselves – balance
between freedoms and law

11. Direct VS INDIRECT democracy
• Voters cast ballots for their
representatives
• Those representatives who
receive most votes are elected
• Voters choose representatives to
select their elected officials
• Example – Electoral college

12. CONCEPT OF States
• A state is defined as a legal entity that has political power
• A state has sovereignty – legal authority/control over
internal affairs
• Population – people that live within borders

13. HOW DOES A STATE COME TO BE?
• Where does it come from?
• Divine rule – that a monarch has right to rule from
higher power
• Through coercion – intimidate the population into
submission
• Social contract – government rules through consent of
the governed

14. PREAMBLE
• Justice – fairness in how
law is applied
• Domestic tranquility –
peace at home
• Common Defense –
protect our nation with
armed forces
• General welfare –
improving public
services

15. Articles of Confederation
• Inter-state compact agreed upon by the states
• Weaker central government
• Lack of authority to coin money or raise an army

16. U.S. Government
• Power structure is divided into three branches
• U.S. Constitution – supreme law of land and ratified in 1789
• United States born in 1776
• Federal presidential republic

17. U.S. branches of government
• Executive - President
• Legislative - Congress
• Judicial – Supreme Court