- Many dietary supplements can negatively impact kidney function, especially in those with pre-existing kidney issues. Vitamins C and B6, minerals like potassium and magnesium, and herbs such as licorice, ephedra, and pennyroyal have all been shown to increase risk of kidney stones, damage, or failure when consumed in large amounts or long-term by those with poor kidney health. People with kidney disease need to carefully consider any supplements and limit or avoid those that are potentially harmful to their renal health.

1. 腎功能不好需
小心的保健食品
周孫鴻藥師

2. 維他命

3. 維他命 C
• >1g/ 天 會增加腎臟結石風險 , 尤其是有結
石病史的人
Curhan GC, Willett WC, Speizer FE, et al. Intake of
vitamins B 6 and C and the risk of kidney stones in
women. Am Soc Nephrol.1999;10:840-845.
Curhan GC. A prospective study of the intake of vitamin C
and vitamin B 6 and the risk of kidney stones in men. J
Urol.1996;155:1847-1851.
Simon JA, Hudes ES. Relation of serum ascorbic acid to
serum vitamin B12, serum ferritin, and kidney stones in
US adults. Arch Intern Med. 1999;159:619-624.

4. 維他命 B6 、 B12
• > 葉酸 2,500 mcg/ 天 +B6 25 mg/ 天
+B12 1,000 mcg/ 天 會增加糖尿病 + 腎功
能不好的人中風 , 心臟病機率
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/full
article/185758

5. 葉酸
• 長期過量 ( 天然 > 1000 mcg/ 天 ; 合成 >
600 mcg/ 天 ) 會傷害腎臟

6. 礦物質

7. 鉀、鎂、鈣、磷
• 腎臟不好會無法排除 , 需要限制甚至避免食
用

8. 鉻
• 長期服用 chromium picolinate 600~2,400
mcg/ 天可能造成腎臟炎
Wasser WG, Feldman NS, D’Agati VD: Chronic renal failure
after ingestion of over-the-counter chromium picolinate. Ann
Intern Med 126: 410, 1997

9. 泌尿道用

10. 蔓越莓
• 增加腎臟結石風險
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11164137

11. 關節炎用

12. 薑黃
• 正在服用免疫抑制劑 ( 例如 tacrolimus), 若
也服用大量的薑黃 , 會造成藥物濃度過高而
傷害腎臟

13. 貓爪藤 (Cat's claw)
• 可能引發過敏性間質性腎炎
Hilepo JN, Bellucci AG, Mossey RT: Acute renal failure
caused by ‘cat’s claw’ herbal remedy in a patient with
systemic lupus erythematosus. Nephron 77: 361, 1997

14. 柳樹皮 (Willow bark )
• 和消炎藥一樣造成腎臟受損
Schwarz A: Beethoven’s renal disease based on his
autopsy: A case of papillary necrosis. Am J Kidney Dis 21:
643– 652, 1993

15. 止咳用

16. 甘草（ Licorice ）
• 若長期和藥物 毛地黃 (digoxin) 或 利尿劑
(thiazide,loop) 併用 , 可能引發低血鉀 , 造
成心血管疾病 , 腎臟疾病
Conn JW, Rovner DR, Cohen EL: Licorice-induced 764 Clinical
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology Clin J Am Soc Nephrol
2: 757–765, 2007 pseudoaldosteronism. Hypertension, hypokalemia,
aldosteronopenia, and suppressed plasma renin activity. JAMA 205:
492– 496, 1968 65.
Saito T, Tsuboi Y, Fujisawa G, Sakuma N, Honda K, Okada K, Saito
K, Ishikawa S, Saito T: An autopsy case of licoriceinduced
hypokalemic rhabdomyolysis associated with acute renal failure:
Special reference to profound calcium deposition in skeletal and
cardiac muscle. Nippon Jinzo Gakkai Shi 36: 1308 –1314, 1994

17. 運動配方

18. 肌酸（ creatine ）
• 腎臟疾病，特別是洗腎，應避免使用 ~ 因
為可能導致腎臟損傷
Pritchard NR, Kalra PA: Renal dysfunction accompanying
oral creatine supplements. Lancet 351: 1252–1253, 1998

19. 減肥配方

20. 麻黃（ Ephedra ）
• 會產生含麻黃素的腎結石
Powell T, Hsu FF, Turk J, Hruska K. Ma-huang strikes
again: ephedrine nephrolithiasis. Am J Kidney Dis.
1998;32:153-159.

21. 皮膚用

22. 離胺酸 (L-lysine)
• 長期 >3 克 / 天，會引發 Fanconi 綜合群和
腎衰竭
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8840955

23. 性功能障礙用

24. 育亨賓樹 (Yohimbe)
• 曾發生腎功能衰竭和蛋白尿
Sandler B, Aronson P: Yohimbine-induced
cutaneous drug eruption, progressive renal failure,
and lupus-like syndrome. Urology 41: 343–345, 1993

25. 其他

26. 小榭樹（ Chaparral ）
• 可能引發腫性腎疾病 , 甚至腎細胞癌
Smith AY, Feddersen RM, Gardner KD Jr, Davis CJ Jr:
Cystic renal cell carcinoma and acquired renal cystic
disease associated with consumption of chaparral tea: A
case report. J Urol 152: 2089 –2091, 1994

27. 胡薄荷（ Pennyroyal ）
• 可能引發腎臟出血而造成肝腎症狀
Anderson IB, Mullen WH, Meeker JE, Khojasteh-
BakhtSC, Oishi S, Nelson SD, Blanc PD: Pennyroyal
toxicity: Measurement of toxic metabolite levels in two
cases and review of the literature. Ann Intern Med 124:
726 –734, 1996

28. 硫酸肼 (Hydrazine)
• 可能引發腎臟組織溶解而造成肝腎症狀
D’Agati V: Does aspirin cause acute or chronic renal failure
in experimental animals and in humans? Am J Kidney Dis
28[Suppl 1]: S24 –S29, 1996

29. 雷公藤 (Thunder god vine)
• 曾發生腎功能衰竭，低血壓和休克案例
Chou WC, Wu CC, Yang PC, Lee YT: Hypovolemic shock and
mortality after ingestion of Tripterygium wilfordii hook F: A case
report. Int J Cardiol 49: 173–177, 1995

30. 艾草油 (Wormwood oil)
• 艾草中含有 thujone ，高劑量服用時有神經
毒性 ~ 引發癲癇 , 嚴重會造成橫紋肌溶解影
響腎臟
Weisbord SD, Soule JB, Kimmel PL: Poison on
line: Acute renal failure caused by oil of
wormwood purchased through the Internet. N
Engl J Med 337: 825– 827, 1997

31. 黃色夾竹桃 (Yellow oleander )
• 可能引發腎臟組織壞死而造成肝腎症狀
Samal KK, Sahu HK, Kar MK, Palit SK, Kar BC, Sahu
CS: Yellow oleander (cerbera thevetia) poisoning with
jaundice and renal failure. J Assoc Physicians India 37:
232–233, 1989