TYPES OF ASSESSMENT

1. ASSESSMENT

2. Introduction
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9. Formative assessment
• Formative assessment is a type of assessment used in
education to gather information about students' learning
progress and understanding while instruction is still ongoing.
• The primary purpose of formative assessment is to provide
ongoing feedback that informs both teachers and students
about the learning process. This feedback helps guide
instructional decisions, adapt teaching strategies, and enhance
student learning.
• Assessment FOR learning.

10. Key characteristics of Formative Assessment
• Ongoing Nature: Formative assessment is conducted throughout the learning process,
not just at the end of a unit or course. It allows for adjustments to instruction in real-
time.
• Feedback-Centric: The emphasis is on providing timely and constructive feedback to
students to help them improve their understanding and performance.
• Low-Stakes: Formative assessments are typically lower in stakes compared to summative
assessments. They are not heavily weighted in final grades, focusing more on learning
improvement.
• Varied Formats: Formative assessments can take various forms, including quizzes, polls,
class discussions, group activities, reflective journals, and one-on-one interactions.
• Diagnostic: They help diagnose students' strengths and weaknesses, enabling teachers to
tailor instruction to address specific learning needs.
• Student Involvement: Students actively participate

11. Summative Assessment
• Summative assessment is a type of assessment used in
education to evaluate a student's overall learning and
achievement at the end of a specific period of instruction, such
as the completion of a course, unit, or project.
• Unlike formative assessment, which focuses on providing
ongoing feedback and guiding learning, the primary purpose of
summative assessment is to make judgments about the level of
knowledge and skills a student has acquired.
• Assessment OF learning.

12. Key characteristics of Summative Assessment
• Endpoint Evaluation: Summative assessments are typically administered at the conclusion of a
learning period to gauge the extent to which students have met the learning objectives and
standards.
• High-Stakes: Summative assessments often carry more weight in terms of grades and final
evaluations. They contribute significantly to determining a student's overall performance.
• Assessment of Learning: Unlike formative assessment, which assesses learning as it is happening,
summative assessment assesses learning outcomes and measures the final achievement.
• Standardized Formats: Summative assessments often use standardized formats, such as
traditional exams, standardized tests, final projects, or papers.
• Outcome-Focused: The emphasis is on determining whether students have achieved the
intended learning outcomes and competencies.
• Certification and Accountability: Summative assessments provide a way to certify that students
have acquired the necessary knowledge and skills for progression or certification. They also
contribute to accountability measures for educational institutions.

18. Conclusion
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