Planning- process, types, advantages and disadvantages

1. Presented by : Sumaya Unissa
And Mogal Zainab

2. What is Planning ?
 Planning focuses on achieving objectives.
 Planning is a primary function of management.
 Planning is pervasive.
 Planning is continuous.
 Planning involves decision-making.

3. According to Henry Fayol,”
Planning is deciding the best
alternatives among others to
perform different managerial
operations in order to achieve
the per-determined goals.”

4. Process of planning
 Constructing the planning premises.
 Forecasting , Overcomes and Events.
 Determining clear objectives.
 Searching for alternative plans and actions.
 Evaluation of alternatives.
 Environmental scanning.

5. Advantages of planning
 Direction setting
 Holistic picture of consequences.
 Promotion of team spirit.
 Estimation of needed resources.
 Better decision making.
 Provision for control.
 Minimizing risk and uncertainties.
 No Hapazart action.

6. Disadvantages of planning
 Lack of accurate information.
 Time consuming process.
 Expensive.
 Inflexibility.
 Environmental constraints.
 False sense of security.
 Capital investment in fixed assets limits planning.

7. Types of plan
 Objective
They are end towards which every action is aimed.
 Strategy
It refers to future decision defining the organization's
direction and scope in long run.
 Policies
They are guidelines which facilitates the achievement of
the objectives.
 Procedures
It is the way of doing and not decision.

8.  Programme
They are detailed statement about a project which
outlines the objectives , policies , procedures , rule ,
human and physical resources required and budget to
implement any course of action.
 Rule
It is a specific statement that informs what is to be done.
 Budget
It informs the expected results in numeric terms.

9. THANK YOU