Life Science and how to understand it

1. UNDERSTANDING SCIENCE
CREATED BY B.N.E.

2. DO NOW
•WHAT IS SCIENCE
?

3. VOCABULARY
1. SCIENCE – IS THE INVESTIGATION AND EXPLORATION OF NATURAL
EVENTS AND OF THE NEW INFORMATION THAT RESULTS FROM THOSE
INVESTIGATIONS.
2. OBSERVATION – IS USING ONE OR MORE OF YOUR SENSE T GATHER
INFORMATION AND TAKE NOTE F WHAT OCCURS.
3. INFERENCE – IS A LOGICAL EXPLANATION OF AN OBSERVATION THAT IS
DRAWN FROM PRIOR KNOWLEDGE OR EXPERIENCE.
4. HYPOTHESIS – A POSSIBLE EXPLANATION ABOUT AN OBSERVATION
THAT CAN BE TESTED BY SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION

4. VOCABULARY
5. PREDICTION – IS A STATEMENT OF WHAT WILL HAPPEN NEXT.
6. TECHNOLOGY – THE PRACTICAL USE OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE, ESPECIALLY FOR
INDUSTRIAL OR COMMERCIAL USE.
7. SCIENTIFIC THEORY – IS AN EXPLANATION OF OBSERVATION OR EVENTS BASED ON
KNOWLEDGE GAINED FROM MANY OBSERVATION AND INVESTIGATIONS.
8. SCIENTIFIC LAW- DESCRIBES A PATTERN OR AN EVENT IN NATURE THAT IS ALWAYS TRUE.
9. CRITICAL THINKING- IS COMPARING WHAT YOU ALREADY KNOW WITH THE INFORMATION
YOU ARE GIVEN IN ORDER TO DECIDE WEATHER YOU AGREE WITH IT.

5. WHAT IS
SCIENCE?
• OBSERVING
• INVESTIGATION
• EXPLORING
• NATURAL
EVENTS – NEW
INFORMATION

6. FIGURE 1
• SOMEONE USED
REASONING AND
CREATIVITY TO DESIGN
EACH OF THESE
SQUIRREL- PROOF BIRD
FEEDERS. HOWEVER
SOME SOLUTIONS
DON’T ALWAYS WORK
OUT. SCIENTIST USE
SIMILAR M METHODS
TO SOLVE THE
PROBLEM.

7. BRANCHES OF SCIENCE

8. BRANCHES OF
SCIENCE
• LIFE SCIENCE
• EARTH SCIENCE
• PHYSICAL
SCIENCE

9. BRANCHES OF SCIENCE
LIFE SCIENCE
• BIOLOGY
• STUDY OF ALL LIVING THINGS
• AQUATIC ECOLOGIST- A LIFE
SCIENTIST WHO STUDIES IN THE
AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM
1. HOW DO PLANTS PRODUCE
THEIR OWN FOOD?
2. HOW ARE REPTILES AND BIRDS
RELATED?
EARTH SCIENCE
• LANDFORMS, ROCKS, SOIL ,
AND FORCES THAT SHAPE
EARTHS SURFACES
1. HOW DO ROCKS FORM?
2. WHAT CAUSES
EARTHQUAKES?
3. WHAT SUBSTANCES ARE IN
SOIL?
PHYSICAL SCIENCE
• STUDY OF CHEMISTRY AND
PHYSICS
• STUDY THE INTERACTIONS
OF MATTER AND ENERGY
1. HOW DO SUBSTANCES
REACT AND FORM NEW
SUBSTANCES?
2. WHY DOES A LIQUID
CHANGE TO SOLID?
3. HOW ARE FORCE AND
MOTION RELATED

10. WHAT IS SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY?

11. WHAT IS
SCIENTIFI
C
INQUIRY?
Skills and Methods
Not all skills are
performed in an
investigation
Or preformed in order
Scientists use a
process of skills and
tools to answer
questions or test ideas

12. ASK QUESTIONS
• PLANT VEGETABLE GARDEN EXAMPLE
1. PLANT SEEDS
2. WATER SEEDS MORE THAN OTHERS
3. YOU WEED PART OF THE GARDEN AND MIX FERTILIZER WITH THE SOIL
4. WEEK LATER – YOU OBSERVE THAT SOME VEGETABLE PLANTS ARE GROWING
BETTER THAN OTHERS

13. ASK QUESTIONS
1. WHY ARE SOME PLANTS GROWING BETTER THAN OTHERS?
o YOU RECALL FROM SCIENCE CLASS THAT PLANTS NEED PLENTY OF WATER AND
SUN TO GROW
2. INFER – PERHAPS VEGGIES ARE RECEIVING MORE WATER OR SUN THAN
OTHERS

14. HYPOTHESIZE
• AFTER OBSERVATIONS AND INFERENCES
• QUESTION : WHY SOME VEGETABLES ARE GROWING BETTER THAN OTHERS ?
• HYPOTHESIS EXAMPLES – SOME PLANTS ARE GROWING TALLER AND MORE
QUICKLY THAN OTHERS BECAUSE THEY ARE RECEIVING MORE WATER THAN
SUNLIGHT
• OR
• THE PLANTS THAT ARE GROWING QUICKLY HAVE RECEIVED FERTILIZER BECAUSE
FERTILIZER HELPS PLANTS GROW

15. PREDICT
After the hypothesis is
stated
Helps Hypothesis
You might predict that if
some plants received more
water, sunlight, or fertilizer,
then they will grow taller and
more quickly

16. TEST YOUR HYPOTHESIS
• BASICALLY TESTING PREDICATION
• DESIGN AN EXPERIMENT – TO TEST YOUR HYPOTHESIS IN THE FERTILIZER
• YOU SET UP AN EXPERIMENT IN WHICH YOU PLANT SEEDS AND ADD FERTILIZER
TO ONLY SOME OF THEM
• PREDICTION – PLANTS THAT GET THE FERTILIZER WILL GROW MORE QUICKLY
• PREDICTION CONFIRMED – IT SUPPORTS YOUR HYPOTHESIS
• PREDICTION NOT CONFIRMED – HYPOTHESIS MIGHT NEED REVISION

17. ANALYZE RESULT
• TESTING HYPOTHESIS – COLLECT
DATA ABOUT THE PLANTS RATES
GROWTH AND HOW MUCH
FERTILIZER EACH PANT RECEIVES
• IT MIGHT BE DIFFICULT TO
RECOGNIZE PATTERNS AND
RELATIONSHIPS
• ORGANIZE AND ANALYZE YOUR
DATA

18. DRAW
CONCLUSIO
N
Decide whether your
data supports your
hypothesis
Draw a conclusion –
Summary of the
information gained
Repeat the
experiment several
times – To make
sure its accurate
Hypothesis is not
supported – Modify
it – repeat – inquiry
process

19. COMMUNICATION
RESULT New
information
to other by
writing ,
speaking, or
exchanging
information
1
Others can
use new
information
in their
observation
2
This is how
scientists
learn or
experiment or
repeat to
verify results
3

20. RESULTS OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY

21. RESULTS
OF
SCIENTIFI
C
INQUIRY
We all can do it
Find answers to questions
Such as technology, materials,
and explanation

22. RESULTS OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY
TECHNOLOGY
• TELEVISION, SMART PHONES,
AND COMPUTERS
• ANTICIPATE THE USERS NEXT
MOVE
• PREVENTS STUMBLING OR
TRIPPING
• HAS SEVERAL MODELS THAT
ENABLES USED TO WALK, STAND
AND RIDE A BIKE
NEW MATERIAL
• SCIENTIST DEVELOPED A BONE BIO
CERAMIC
• NATURAL CALCIUM PHOSPHATE
MINERAL COMPLEX – PART OF
BONE AND TEETH
• ALLOWS ALL TYPES OF CELL GROW
AND DEVELOP INTO IMPLANTS
THAT ARE TREATED
• IT CAN BE IMPLANTED INTO THE
PATIENTS BODY TO REPLACE A
MISSING BONE
POSSIBLE
EXPLANATIONS
• WHO, WHAT, WHEN, WHERE OR HOW
• EXAMPLE: WHO LEFT FINGERPRINTS
AT A CRIME SCENE?
DURING AN EXPEDITION IN THE
COLOMBIAN AMAZON RAINFOREST IN
2008, SCIENTISTS DISCOVERED A NEW
SPECIES OF TITI MONKEY

23. SCIENTIFIC THEORY
• UNTESTED IDEA OR AN OPINION
• EXAMPLE: 300 YEARS AGO, SCIENTISTS BEGAN LOOKING AT SAMPLES OF TREES,
WATER AND BLOOD THROUGH THE FIRST MICROSCOPE.
• THEY NOTICED THAT ALL OF THESE ORGANISMS WERE MADE OF TINIER UNITS, OR
CELLS
• AS THEY OBSERVED MORE IT BECAME KNOWN AS CELL THEORY
• EXPLAINS ALL LIVING THINGS MADE OF CELLS
• SCIENTIFIC THEORY – IS ASSURED TO BE THE BEST EXPLANATION OF OBSERVATIONS
UNLESS IT IS DISPROVED

24. SCIENTIFI
C LAW
Different from Societal law –
agreements on a set of behaviors
Might explain how and why an
event occurs
Scientific law only states an
event in nature will occur under
specific conditions.Example: Law of conservation of
mass states that the mass of
material will be the same before
and after a chemical reaction
Does not explain why this occurs

27. SKEPTICISM IN MEDIA
• SCIENTIFIC ISSUE IN THE
MEDIA
 NEWSPAPER
 RADIO
 TELEVISION
 MAGAZINE
• It is important to be Skeptical
• You question information
• Its also important that you question statements made by
people
• And claims

28. EVALUATING SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE
• IMPORTANT SKILL IS CRITICAL THINKING
• IDENTIFYING AND MINIMIZING BIAS ALSO IS IMPORTANT WHEN CONDUCTING
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY
 SAMPLING
 BIAS
 BLIND STUDY
 REPETITION

29. SCIENCE CANNOT ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
• SCIENTIST CANNOT ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
PERSONAL OPINIONS
VALUES
BELIEFS
FEELINGS

30. SAFETY IN SCIENCE
• FOLLOW SAFETY PROCEDURE WHILE CONDUCTING AN INVESTIGATION OR
EXPERIMENT
• WEAR APPROPRIATE SAFETY EQUIPMENT'S AND LISTEN FOR INSTRUCTIONS
• LEARN TO RECOGNIZE THE HAZARDS
• READ MORE ABOUT SAFETY IN SCIENCE
• ETHICS - ARE IMPORTANT WHEN USING LIVING THINGS DURING
INVESTIGATIONS.
• ANIMALS – TREATED PROPERLY
• RESEARCH THE POTENTIAL RISK WHEN DEALING WITH ANIMALS

31. LESSON 1
REVIEW –
USING
VOCABULARY
Compare and
contrast
Compare and contrast
critical thinking and
inference.
Contrast
Contrast inference and
prediction.
Use
Use the terms technology, scientific
law , and scientific theory in complete
sentences.
Explain
Explain the relationship
between observations and
hypothesis.

32. LESSON 1 REVIEW - UNDERSTANDING KEY
CONCEPTS
1. WHICH SHOULD NOW BE PART OF THE SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY
A. BIAS
B. ANALYSIS
C. HYPOTHESIS
D. TESTING
2. Describe four real – life examples of the results of
scientific investigation
3. Discuss four ways a scientist can reduce bias n scientific
investigation

33. LESSON 1 REVIEW – INTERPRET GRAPHICS
1. DRAW A GRAPHIC ORGANIZER LIKE THE ONE BELOW. IN EACH
OVAL, LIST AN EXAMPLE OF HOW TO TEST A HYPOTHESIS USING
SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY.
Test
Hypothesis
1
2
3
4

34. LESSON 1 REVIEW – CRITICAL THINKING
1. SUGGEST WHY DO YOU THINK PEOPLE BELIEVE SOME THEORIES EVEN IF THEY
ARE NOT SUPPORTED BY CREDIBLE EVIDENCE?
2. EVALUATE IN A MAGAZINE, YOU READ THAT TWO SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATION
ATTEMPTED TO ANSWER THE SAME QUESTION. HOWEVER, THE TWO TEAMS OF
SCIENTIST CAME TO OPPOSITE CONCLUSION. HOW DO YOU DECIDE WHICH
INVESTIGATION WAS VALID?