1. Brent Gifford
Jerry Jackson
John Trishler
Nathaniel Haller
BIEN 400
Louisiana Tech University

2.  Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States
 Leukemia and Lymphoma are two significant blood cancers
 Cancer Treatments are expensive, low survivability, chance of
resurfacing.
 Early Detection is Half the Battle
 Need for an early detection screening device

3.  Leukemia is cancer of the blood cells, which starts in the bone
marrow of the bones.
 Leukemia symptoms:
 fatigue, paleness, weight loss, repeated infection, bruising,
nosebleeds.
 Sometimes no symptoms
 Hard to detect early

4.  Our device would fill a need that would allow health care
professionals to administer a screening process that would
allow for early detection of blood cancers.
 Our device will address the need of a preliminary test that
will greatly reduce the amount of test that the clinics will
need to do, it will also address the need for a screen test to
detect blood cancers earlier thus increasing survival rates.

5. Product Description Design Specification
Separate cells in the Blood The micro-fluidic device should separate the blood cells from the
abnormal blast cells which will be shunted to a separate channel.
Detect threshold of Blast Cells Detector will then give a positive or negative result based on a
threshold value in the device.
Ease of Use The device must me simple enough that a health care professional
with limited training can pick it up and use it with little instruction
Reliability The device should give results with an accuracy range of at least
90%

6. Cancer Detection Technology Pros Cons
Post Method Simple to design and manufacture Cells can becomes stuck between the posts
blocking the filter
Electrical Method Separates the cells into different channels Electrodes must be implanted into the
due to electrical differences of the device, increases difficulty of
membranes on the individual cells. manufacturing.
Doughnut Method Capable of separating the cells through a Too much pressure can cause the cells to
series of channels with pressure. lyses
Electrical Detection Capable of determining positive or negative Electrodes must be implanted into the
result based on electrical threshold from device, increases difficulty of
membrane potential resistance manufacturing.
Chemical Detection Use of dye to stain blast cells. Dye needs to be introduced previous to
sampling, finger prick might not work.

7.  Electrical Separation with Electrical Resistance Detection
 Use electrical charge to separate the cells
 Use electrical resistance across a threshold to detect
 Doughnut Filter with Electrical Resistance Detection
 Use doughnut filter with pressure to separate cells into channels
 Use electrical resistance across a threshold to detect
 Other Combinations
 If previous combinations fail

8.  Red Blood Cells
 6 to 8 um
 White Blood Cells
 Neutrophils 12-15 um
 Eosinophils 12-15 um
 Lymphocytes 6-18 um
 Monocytes 12-20 um
 Basophils 12-15 um
 Cancer Cells
 Abnormal White Blood Cells (BLAST cells)
 Massive in size in comparison to white blood cells
Figure 1: A Wright's stained bone marrow aspirate smear from a patient with
precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

9.  Other Lab-On-Chip devices
 Genetic analysis
 Cell Separator
 Overall
 Micro-fluidic technology is viable

10.  Math Modeling
 Giesekus Model
 Navier-Stokes
 Simulation spherical cell on rectangular microchannel
Figure2: Schematic of lateral migration
and deformation of a deformable drop in
a microchannel.

11.  Test various technologies for integration into device.
 Test micro-fluidic designs for best possible separation
 Using the micro-fluidic design that gives the best
separation will allow us to more accurately detect blast cells that
are a sign of blood cancer.
 Test Detection devices
 A reliable device that detects threshold values of blast cells to
give a positive or negative result for cells collected in the micro-
fluidic device.
 Integrate feasible technologies into a single device
 Disposable needle and chip
 The chip needs to collect and separate the blood and blast cells
 Reusable Detector
 The reusable device needs to give an output weather blast
concentrations pass or fall below a specific threshold

12.  Develop prototype
 The prototype should be developed with the main users,
health care professionals in mind.
 The device should be quick to use with results given in a
manner of minutes
 The chip and needle should separate from the detector
with the detector working without malfunction for and
extended number uses over a period of years.
 Field Testing
 The device should be tested by those without blood cancer
and those with in a clinical setting for final viability.

13.  Goal is to detect cancerous white blood cells in whole
blood samples
 Detecting cancerous white blood cells to increase blood
cancer detection rate
 Use both disposable and reusable systems
 Disposable- needle and microchannel chip
 Reusable- Electric detection device
 Yes or No

14.  Based off of cell properties
 Main channel
 Smaller channels
 Electrical method
 Electrical Detector

15.  Based off Cell Properties
 Doughnut Design
 Pressure Push
 Electrical Detector

16.  Microfabrication
 Photolithography
 Masks
 Testing
 Nanoparticles
 Blood (non-cancerous)
 Blood (cancerous)

17. Price Per
Number Total Our Cost
Component Component
Required Price($) ($)
($)  Prototype to be developed
UV Oven 1 500 500 Donated
for $ 2750+
 Includes donated
Spin Coater 1 2000 2000 Donated
components
SU-8 Photoresist and
Etchant
TBD 20 TBD Donated  Overall cost of product not
Silicon Wafer to exceed $10000.00
TBD 300 TBD Donated
Substrate depends on number of
Peristaltic Pump TBD 350 TBD TBD
chips made
 No direct competitors to
Glass TBD 20 TBD Donated our design
Electrodes TBD 40 TBD TBD  Several traditional tests
Other Expenses 200

18. Two teams of two One Team of four
 Incorporate technologies
 Team 1
into one device
 Micro-fluidic device
 Designing and prototyping
the disposable part.  Testing for reliability
 Team 2
 Detector
 Field testing with group
 Electrical resistance
design volunteers and blood
 Reusable with input for cultures.
the chip and needle

19. Final Presentation
Field Testing
Development of
Prototype and
Initial Testing
Design of
Prototype
Design of
individual
components
Research and
Initial Testing
September October November December January February March April May