major1.pptx

Bangalore Institute of Technology
Dept. of ETE
PROJECT PRESENTATION ON
SOLAR POWER SYSTEMS IN
MAKING SMART HOMES
Presented by
1. KRUPA R 2. SANJAY M C
1BI20ET017 1BI20ET031
3. SRINIDHI G N 4. SRUJAN S GOWDA
1BI20ET039 1BI20ET040
1

Contents
 Abstract
 Introduction
 Literature Survey
 Block Diagram
 Block diagram explanation
 Flowchart and Algorithm
 Hardware and Software Requirements
 Hardware components explanation
 Software tool explanation
 Applications
 Advantages and Disadvantages
 Plan of action
 References
Solar power systems in making smart homes 2

Abstract
The home automation system is a concept where we adopt to make our
homes safe, smart and automated. To achieve reduced human intervention,
power consumption, cost and for the communication between the devices
we use latest technologies such as renewable energy resource and Zigbee.
The Wi-Fi is used to create a wireless sensor network by organizing the
collected data at a central location wirelessly and performs required actions
by doing analysis of the data. Home automation system usually needs
inexpensive cost, power consumption and do not take high speed data rates,
hence the Zigbee would be a primer development technology for it.
Wireless home automation is a renovation application of internet of things
to monitoring and controlling home appliances wirelessly over the cloud.
Home automation system consists of door lock system, fire detection, gas
leakage detection, water monitoring, alert systems and control of lights and
electronic appliances etc.
Solar power systems in making smart homes
3

Introduction
 A smart home automation system is a means that enable
individuals to control electric appliances automatically and
manually within a home environment to make life easy by
providing convenience, comfort, security and energy efficiency to
its inhabitants.
 The wireless sensor network and the solar panel contribute several
advantages, by binding those benefits and implementing a single
home module which is productive and self charging.
 Zigbee is exclusively used to make the device interconnect with
each other wirelessly. The solar power is used as to it.
4

Literature Survey
SI NO. Title & Author ISBN & Journal Description Year of Publish
1 “Customary Homes to Smart
Home Using IoT and Mobile
Application”-By Vignesh
Govindraj,
MithileyshSathiyanarayanan,
Babangida Abubakar
ISBN:978-1-5386-
0567
2020 International
Conference on
Smart Technology
for Smart Nation
The idea of the
proposed system is
to replace the
conventional home
automation with the
IoT, Arduino, cloud
networking, wireless
communication, RF
module where the
things can be
controlled from
remote place.
2020
2 “Smart Based Solar Powered
House System Design”- By
Nithish kumar, Sethuraman,
Fayaz, Subash, Jayarajan
MAY 2022 | IRE
Journals | Volume 5
Issue 11 | ISSN:
2456-8880
This paper
thoroughly exhibits
the functioning of
home security and
automation via the
usage of Solar
system as the
alternate energy
resources
2022
Smart%20Based%20Solar%20Powered%20House%20System%20Design.pdf
5

Literature Survey
SI NO. Title & Author ISBN & Journal Description Year of
Publish
3 “A Comparative Analysis on
smart Home system to
control, Monitor and sensor
Home, based on Technologies
like GSM,IoT,Bluetooth and
PIC Microcontroller with
ZigBee Modulation”-by
Vishakha D.Vaidya, Pinki
Vishwakarma
ISBN:989-1-5386-
1185-2/18
International
conference on Smart
city and Emerging
Technology
In this paper, the
author discussed
smart home system to
control , monitor and
secure home based
different technologies
like GSM, Bluetooth,
IoT and Pic micro-
controller.
2018
4 “SURE-H: A Secure IoT
Enabled Smart Home
System”-by RoshmiSarmah,
ManasijyotiBhuyan,
Monawar H. Bhuyan
ISBN:978-1-5386-
4980-0/19
IEEE 5th World
Forum On Internet Of
Things
In this work, they
proposed a secure
and efficient smart
home system that
enable to protect
homes from theft or
unusual activities and
parallelly saves
power.
2019
6

BLOCK DIAGRAM
Wi-Fi
GSM
ZigBee
Arduino Mega
ATMega2560
Keypad
Fire
Sensor
Gas
Sensor
LDR
LCD
Door
Lock
Sprinkler
Exhaust
Fan
Solar
Panel
Cloud
Ultrasonic
sensor
Water
Tank
Gate
IR
LDR
LED
ZigBee
Soil
Moisture
Sensor
Arduino Uno
ATMega328p
Water
Sprinkler
Figure(a): Module inside the home Figure(b): Module outside the home
7

Block diagram explanation
 Solar power is a renewable resource which can store the power
every day, including on the cloudy days some energy can be stored.
In our module the main power supply for home appliances is the
solar power and if any insufficiency in the power supply. It drains
the power from the mains.
 The network includes number of sensors which includes flame
sensor, gas sensor, ultrasonic sensor, soil moisture sensor and IR
sensor.
 Each sensor has different functionality to be performed, firstly
flame sensor is to detect and respond to the presence of the fire in
particular area.
 Gas sensor is used to detect the leakage of gas at home, and we are
detecting the gas and turning OFF the valve, and turning ON the
exhaust fan and send a message.
8

 Soil moisture sensor is used to detect the moisture in the
particular area and perform the specific action. It will
detecting the moisture level of the soil in the garden area.
 IR sensor is used to detect the human presence in 180
degree and perform specific action.
 Ultrasonic sensor is used to detect the distance level at
particular action, in our module the water level is detected
by ultrasonic sensor inside the water tank, which manually
turns the motor ON when tank is getting empty.
 LDR sensor is used to detect the intensity of light, the light
will automatically switch ON based on the light intensity.
9

 The moisture parameters are monitored regulatory that is
temperature and humidity to obtain a high quality environment with
the help of ADC the sensed data is transmitted to Zigbee using
UART.
 Zigbee to Zigbee communication should happen between home
model and garden model. The outcomes of communication is
communicated successfully and message is display on LCD.
10

Flowchart (Inside Home)
11

Algorithm
 The home automation system is a concept where we
adopt to make out home safe, smart and automated.
 When ever a person comes near the door IR sensor
detects the movements and person or user has to enter
the password to open the door.
 If any fire leakage is found the Arduino will send alert
message to owners and fire station and sprinkler will
turn ON.
 If any gas leakage is found, our system turns off the gas
outlet valve and exhaust fan will turn
12

Flowchart(Outside Home)
13

 In smart gardening by the help of soil moisture
sensor, we will sense the soil moisture contain in
the soil, if less the owner can turn on the
sprinkler.
 In smart lightning we are turning ON the bulb in
garden and corridor by detecting the light
intensity based on day/night and presence of
human being.
14

Hardware Software Requirements
Hardware requirements
 Microcontroller-
ATmega328p,ATmega2560p
LCD 16*2
Keypad 4*4
LED
LDR
IR Sensors
Ultrasonic Sensor
Flame Sensor
Gas Sensor (MQ-5)
Soil moisture Sensor
Solar panel
GSM model
Wi-Fi
Zigbee
Buzzer
Battery
Sprinkler
DC motor
Software requirement
 Embedded C
 Arduino IDE
Testing Technologies
 Blink application
15

ARDUINO MEGA: ATMEGA2560
 Arduino Mega2560 is a micro-controller board based on ATMega2560.It comes with
more memory space and input pins.
 It offer high performance and very low power consumption.
 Impressive real-time response from a small cost effective processor.
 ATMEGA2560 has 54 digital input pins and 16 analog pins.
 A crystal oscillator of 16MHz frequency is added on the broad.
 It has a USB connection, power jack and Reset button.
 Its operating voltage is 5v.
 Flash memory 256KB, SRAM 8KB, EEPROM 4KB
16

ARDUINO UNO: ATMEGA328P
 The Arduino UNO is an open source microcontroller board based on the
micro-chip ATMega328p microcontroller and developed by Arduino.CC.
 The architecture of this Arduino UNO is a customized Harvard architecture
with 8bit RISC processor core. Digital input/output pins are 14 and analog
input pins are 6. The recommended input voltage will range from 7v to 12v.
 DC current for each input/output pin is 40mA.
 Flash memory is 32K Bytes, SRAM is 2K Bytes, EEPROM is 1K Bytes
and Clock speed is 16MHz.
17

LCD DISPLAY (16*2)
 An LCD is an electronic display module which uses liquid crystal to
produce a visible image.
 This controller is standard across many displays which mean many
micro- controllers have libraries that make displaying messages as
easy as a single line of code.
 Alphanumeric LCD display module, meaning can display alphabets
and numbers
 Consists of two rows and each row can print 16 characters.
18

IR SENSOR (RKI-3141)
• IR sensors is used to detect objects and obstacles in front
of sensor. Sensor keeps transmitting infrared light and
when any object comes near, it is detected by the sensor
by monitoring the reflected light from the object.
operating voltage of 5VDC.
• I/O pins are 5V and 3.3V compliant.
• Range: Up to 20cm.
• Adjustable Sensing range.
• Built-in Ambient Light Sensor.
• 20mA supply current.
19

GAS SENSOR (MQ-7)
 A Gas sensor(MQ7) is a device which detect the presence or concentration
of gases in the atmosphere. Due to its high sensitivity and fast response
time, measurement can be taken as possible.
 Its has 4pins Vcc, Ground, Digital out, Analog out. Operating Voltage is
+5V
 Can be used to detect LPG or iso-butane gas.
 Analog output voltage: 0V to 5V
 Digital Output Voltage: 0V or 5V (TTL Logic)
 Preheat duration 20 seconds
 Can be used as a Digital or analog sensor
 The Sensitivity of Digital pin can be varied using the potentiometer
20

FLAME SENSOR (RKI-3100)
 Flame sensor is the most sensitive to ordinary light that is why its
reaction is generally used as flame alarm purposes. This module can
detect flame or wavelength in 760 nm to 1100 nm range of light
source. Its has 4 pins Vcc, Ground, Digital output, Analog output.
 Operating Voltage: 3.3V to 5V DC.
 Digital output - 0V to 5V, Adjustable trigger level from preset.
 Analog output - 0V to 5V based on infrared radiation from fire
flame falling on the sensor.
 LEDs indicating output and power.
21

ULTRASONIC SENSOR (HC-SR04)
 Ultrasonic sensor has 4 pins, whose pin names are Vcc, Trigger,
Echo and Ground respectively.
 It can measure from 0 to 2.5meters, with a precisions of 3cm.
 Operating voltage: +5v.
 Working Frequency:40Hz
 Ranging distance: 2cm-4m.
 Measuring angle: 15 degree.
 Trigger input pulse width: 10µs TTL Pulse
22

SOIL MOISTURE SENSOR (FC-28)
 The soil moisture sensor consists of two probes which
are used to measure the volumetric content of water. The
two probes allow the current to pass through the soil and
then it gets the resistance value to measure the moisture
valve.
 Dry soil conducts electricity poorly, so when there will
be less water, then the soil will conduct less electricity
which means that there will be more resistance.
23

GSM MODULE (SIM800C)
The SIM800C is a readily available GSM/GPRS module, used in
many mobile phones and PDA. The is module can also be used for
developing IoT and Embedded Application.
Features of GSM module
 Operating voltage: 3.4-4.5V
 Frequency band: SIM800C is quad band GSM/GPRS module that
works on frequencies 850/900/1800/1900MHz.
 Operating temperature: -300C to +800C.
24

Wi-Fi MODULE ( ESP8266)
The ESP8266 Wi-Fi module is a complete Wi-Fi network where we easily
connect as serving Wi-Fi adapter, wireless internet access interface to any
microcontroller based design on it’s simple connectivity through serial
communication or UART interface.
Features of Wi-Fi Module-ESP8266
• Low cost, compact and powerful wi-fi module.
• Power supply : +3.3v only
• Built in low power 32 bit MCU@80Mhz
• 512KB Flash memory
• Can be used as station or access point or both combined.
• Supports serial communication hence compatible with many development
platform like Arduino.
• Can be programmed using Arduino IDE
25

SOFTWARE
ARDUINO IDE
 ARDUINO IDE is an open source software that is mainly used for
writing and compiling the code into the Arduino module. It is easily
available for operating systems like MAC, Windows, Linux and
runs on the JAVA platform that comes with inbuilt function and
commands plays vital role for debugging, editing and compiling the
code in the environment. A range of Arduino modules available
including Arduino Uno, Arduino Mega, Arduino Leonadro, Arduino
Micro and many more. The Arduino IDE environment mainly
contains two basic parts: Editor and compiler where former is used
for writing required code later is used for compiling and uploading
the code into the given Arduino Module. Arduino IDE supports both
C and C++ languages.
26

 BLYNK APPLICATION
Blynk is a Platform with IOS and Android apps to
control Arduino, Raspberry Pi and the likes over the
Internet. It’s a digital dashboard where you can build
a graphic interface for your project by simply
dragging and dropping widgets.
Steps to setup the Blynk application Click the “Create
New Project” in the app to create a new Blynk app.
1. Now select hardware and click on connection
type.
2. Then you’ll be presented with a blank new
project. To open the widget box, click in the
project window to open.
3. To upload the firmware. open Arduino and
navigate to the ESP8266_Standalone example in
the File > Examples > Blynk > Boards_WiFi>
ESP8266_Standalone menu.
27

Applications
It can be used
 In Home, Schools/Colleges,Hospital ,Industries, Hotel and
Resorts for security and safety purpose.
 Less power consumption.
28

Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
1. Security
2. Convenience
3. Saves times
4. Save money
Disadvantages
1. Capital outlay
2. Technology leaning curve
3. Security and privacy
4. Sedentary lifestyle
29

Plan of action
SERIAL
NO. PROGRESS DATE
1 Preparation of Documents , Literature
Survey September 2023
2 Submission of Synopsis October 2023
3 Review of Project October 2023
4 Hardware Purchase November 2024
5 Hardware Testing December 2024
6 Second Review of the Project February 2024
7 Study about software and
Implementation
March 2024
8 Implementation of hardware and
software May 2024
8 Final Review on Project June 2024
30

Thank You
31

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