DYSGRAPHIA -A TYPE OF LEARNING DISABILITY

1. R v bhagyalekshmi

2. DYSGRAPHIA
• Derived from
Greek words
“Dys”- impaired
“Graphia”-writing
by hand
• Condition of impaired writing

3. DEFINITION
A neurological disorder that impairs written
expression; the brain can't convert mental
language into written languages. -
(Quillen,2008)

4. EXAMPLES

6.  Delayed handwriting development.
 Writing is very hard to read.
 Inconsistent letter formation.
 Inconsistent spacing between words.
 Not staying with the lines.
 Dislike towards writing and drawing.
 Improper way of holding pen.
 Problem in writing down ideas.
 Experiencing physical pain in the hand.

7. CAUSES
Developmental disorders/ specific
learning disabilities.
Neurological factors/cerebral
palsy/illness/brain tumours.
Genetic factors
Brain injury/ accidents
Dyslexic Dysgraphia

9. • Poor writing and spelling
when encountering
unfamiliar words.

10. • Weak motor skills, poor
dexterity, poor muscle tone or
unspecified motor clumsiness.
• Drawings and copied writing
frequently have poor or illegible.

11.  Inability to write inside the
lines of a page or use the
appropriate amount of space
between words.
 The handwriting and drawings
of this people are typically
unreadable in their entirety.

12. • Problem in which students
have difficulty to combine
sounds to letter patterns to
write ,which results in
misspelling .

13. • Condition in which illegible
handwriting ,spelling errors
while writing but no
problem in copy writing

14. Treatment methods
Occupational therapy: patients with
dysgraphia are treated with occupational
therapy to improve handwriting skills.
Spending more time writing with pen and
pencil.
Cognitive rehabilitation: treatments that
addresses the cognitive problems that can
arise after a brain injury.

15.  Encourage proper grip , posture and paper
positioning.
 Allow extra time .
 Encourage students to use hand exercises.
 Allow the student to complete writing
activities in small steps.
 Avoid criticism.
 Provide written and oral direction for same
activity.