This document discusses the evolution of gender equality from the 16th century to present day. It describes how women's roles have changed over time, from having limited opportunities and being expected to run households and better their husbands in past centuries, to gaining more rights and involvement in public life and the workforce in modern times. However, inequality still persists in areas like politics, wages and working conditions. The document concludes that while women and men are becoming more equal overall, equality in the workplace is still lacking.

1. Gender equality FrOM PaSt tO
PreSent…..
DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI
M.Sc., M.A, M.Ed, M.Phil (Edn), M.Phil (ZOO), NET, Ph.D (Edn)
ASST. PROFESSOR,
LOYOLA COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, CHENNAI - 34

2. Gender Equality means…
Men and Women should receive fair
treatment.
Enjoy same status and opportunities to
realize full human rights
Potential to contribute to national,
political, economic, social and cultural
development.
5/27/2021
Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
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3. Gender equality is NOT…
Competition between men
and women.
Male bashing
Giving women jobs not
qualified to perform.
Giving women advantage
instead of men.
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Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
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4. 16th Century:
Limited opportunities for involvement in
society.
To run the household.
Bettering their husbands.
Educating women believed to ruin the
traditional female virtues.
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Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
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5. 17th Century…
Not much change from the previous century.
Women as significant part of the society but not
acknowledged in economic or political structures.
Have to do domestic activities.
Acted as councils to husbands.
Influence political decisions at home and
community.
Women who challenged societal norms put their
lives at risk 5/27/2021
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6. 18th Century…
Women’s roles began to evolve.
Involved in commerce irrespective of economical
status.
Low class women assist husbands in working outside.
In 1857 men were given the right to divorce their
wives on the grounds of adultery.
Women were not allowed to divorce the man, no
matter what offence they experienced. 5/27/2021
Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
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7. 19th Century…
Women taught to attract guys not only by looks but
also by educations. Girls educated at a boarding or at a
residential governess.
It was believed that women desired to marry to
become mothers rather than for their own satisfaction.
Women began to gain more rights, men still had more
power over them.
Men still had the obligation of providing for the family.
Average family size began to decrease.
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Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
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8. 20th Century…
Change was brought with the industrial
revolution.
More participation of women in public life.
Inequality was still in politics, wages and
working conditions.
More women began to get out into the
workforce.
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Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
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9. Present Day…
Women paid less in the workplace than men in
spite of same education and same amount of
work.
Women are able to be in the workplace in any
occupation in trades, business etc.
Women and men have choice to be a stay at
home parent or be out in the workforce.
More common to see women in jobs that used
to be male-dominated such as the military or in
the trades.
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10. Gender equality is evolving…
Women and men are becoming more and
more equal.
Equality in the workplace is where we are
lacking.
Men deserve to be equal just as much as
women; women just had to work harder to
get that equality.
5/27/2021
Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
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11. reFerenceS
“Gender, School and Society”
• TNTEU – Study Material
• Ram Publications
• Sri Krishna Publications
• Samyukdha Publications
• Google Images
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Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
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