2. The Gift of the Nile
● Egypt is called the Gift of the Nile
● The Nile served as a main highway and sewer
system
● The Nile brought water, fish, and soil to Egypt
3. Timeline
● Before 3000 BC was the Prehistoric and
Predynastic Period. They lasted thousands of
years.
● 3000-2649 BC was the Early Dynastic Period. It
lasted 351 years.
● 2649-2150 BC was the Old Kingdom. It lasted
499 years.
● 2150-2040 BC was the First Intermediate Period
and was dynasties 7-11.
● 2040-1640 BC was the Middle Kingdom. It
lasted 400 years.
4. Timeline cont.
● 1640-1550 BC was the Second Intermediate Period and was
dynasties 15-17.
● 1550-1070 was the New Kingdom. It was 480 years.
● 1070-712 BC was the Third Intermediate period and was
dynasties 21-24.
● 712-332 was the Late Period. It was 380 years.
● 332-30 BC was the Ptolemaic Period. It was 302 years.
● 30 BC-Today is from the Roman Empire to Present Day and
has been more than 2,000 years.
5. Social Pyramid
● At the top was the Royal Family
●
2nd
layer - the educated elite: the general, the
royal nurse
●
3rd
layer - the middle class: the local
priestesses, merchants
●
4th
layer - the skilled laborers: beer sellers,
farmers
●
5th
layer - the peasents and manual workers:
slaves and servants
6. Egyptian Gods
They worshiped:
● The cat goddess, Bastet
● Atum, the creator
● Re, the sun god
● Isis, the goddess of magic
● Osiris, the god of the dead
● Thoth, the god of wisdom
● Anubis, the god of cemeteries and mummification
● Seth,a mischeivious god
● Amen, the most important state god of New Kingdom Egypt
● Hathor, the goddess who leads people to the afterlife
7. Pharaohs
● Tutankhamen came to the throne when he was
around eight years old and died in his late
twenties.
● Hatshepsut was one of three female kings. She
ruled for 22 years.
8. Tutankhamen
● Because he died at such a young age, his tomb
wasn't ready so most of his burial stuff was
hand-me-down
● Howard Carter found King Tut's tomb
● It took a year to remove the shrines and find
three nested coffins inside a stone sarcophagus
9. Building the Pyramids
● Two stone blocks weighed about as much as
one elephant
● They used limestone for the casing
● Hard granite blocks are used inside the pyramid
10. Seasons
● Egypt had three seasons: Akhet, Peret, and
Shemu
● Akhet - July to October
● Peret - November to March
● Shemu - April to June
11. Music
Their instruments were:
● Three-stringed lute
● Seven-stringed lyre
● Drum
● Sistrum, a religious rattle
● Concave frame drum
● Military trumpet
● Double oboe
● Five-stringed and thirteen stringed harp
● Reed or bone pipe or clarinet
12. Crafts and Artifacts
They found:
● hippopotamus
● bowl
● flower-shaped vessel
● ancient medals
● precious hawk
● quartzite sculpture
● gold bracelets
