1. Mental health and
mental disorders.
DEPARTMENT: midwifery
COURSE: Mental health and
mental disorders.
LACTURER :
2. Mental health and
mental illness
Definition
Mental health is a level of
psychological well-being or an
abscise of mental illness
3. Continuous
WHO defined of mental health as “a state of well-being in which every individual realizes
his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stress of life, can work productively and
fruitfully and is able to make a contribution to her or his community?
The different between mental health and mental illness is just like the different between
health and illness, healthy and sick and normal and abnormal
4. Mental illness or disorder
A mental disorder is a psychological syndrome or pattern which is associated with
distress (e.g. via a painful symptom, disability (impairment in one or more important areas
of functioning), increased risk of death, or causes a significant loss of autonomy; however
it excludes normal responses responses such as grief
from loss of a loved one, and also excludes deviant behavior rule breaking behavior for
political, religious, or societal reasons not arising from a dysfunction in the individual.
5. Causes of mental disorder
The causes of mental disorders are regarded as complex and varying depending on the
particular disorder and the individual.
Although the causes of most mental disorders are not fully understood, it could be a
variety of biological, psychological, and environmental agents.
6. Factors that can contribute to the development of mental disorders
a) Childhood abuse, trauma, or neglect
b) Social isolation or loneliness
c) Experiencing discrimination and stigma
d) The death of someone close to you
Severe or long-term stress.
a) Unemployment or losing your job
b) Social disadvantage, poverty or debt
c) Homelessness or poor housing
d) Caring for a family member or friend
e) A long-term physical health condition
f) Drug and alcohol misuse
g) Domestic violence or other abuse as an adult
7. Cont………
a) Significant trauma as an adult, such as military combat, being
involved in a serious accident or being the victim of a violent crime
b) Physical causes – for example, a head injury or a condition such as
epilepsy can have an impact on behavior and mood
c) Genetic factors –not proof yet.
9. The Classification of Mental Illness
The Neuroses
Depression, Anxiety, Mania, Obsessions and compulsions (usually
the patient retains insight and orientation; they experience deep
distress and may commit suicide
The Psychoses Schizophrenia, puerperal psychosis (the patient is
disorientated, deluded, and lacking in insight)
The Dementias
Progressive deterioration with loss of recent memory and
deterioration of a normal personality, They may be prim
10. The psychosis
1. Feeling sad or down.
2. Confused thinking or reduced ability to concentrate.
3. Excessive fears or worries, or extreme feelings of guilt.
Extreme mood changes of highs and lows
1. Withdrawal from friends and activities.
Significant tiredness, low energy or problems sleeping
