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Mental disorder
- 1. World university of Bangladesh Department of pharmacy presentation on Common mental disorder Submitted by:MD: Saidur Rahman 19th batch Roll : 567
- 2. Content Introduction of common mental disorder Sign & symptom of mental disorder Causes Most of the common mental disorder Treatment of mental disorder
- 3. Definition of mental disorder Mental disorders (or mental illnesses) are conditions that affect your thinking, feeling, mood, and behaviour. They may be occasional or long-lasting (chronic). They can affect your ability to relate to others and function each day.
- 4. Worrying about thesepressures is normal. But feeling very sad, hopeless or worthlessmight be a sign of a mental health problem.
- 5. Sign & symptoms Signs and symptoms of mental illness can vary, depending on the disorder, circumstances and other factors. Mental illness symptoms can affect emotions, thoughts and behaviours. Examples of signs and symptoms include: Feeling sad or down Confused thinking or reduced ability to concentrate Excessive fears or worries, or extreme feelings of guilt Extreme mood changes of highs and lows Withdrawal from friends and activities Significant tiredness, low energy or problems sleeping Detachment from reality (delusions), paranoia or hallucination.
- 6. Continue..... Inability to cope with daily problems or stress Trouble understanding and relating to situations and to people Alcohol or drug abuse Major changes in eating habits Sex drive changes Excessive anger, hostility or violence Suicidal thinking
- 7. Causes of mental disorder There is no single cause for mental illness. A number of factors can contribute to risk for mental illness, such as Your genes and family history Your life experiences, such as stress or a history of abuse, especially if they happen in childhood Biological factors such as chemical imbalances in the brain A traumatic brain injury
- 8. Causes continue..... A mother's exposure to viruses or toxic chemical while pregnant Use of alcohol or recreational drugs Having a serious medical condition like cancer Having few friends, and feeling lonely or isolated Mental disorders are not caused by character flaws. They have nothing to do with being lazy or weak.
- 10. Most of the Common mental disorders Depression Anxiety Bipolar Affective Disorder Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses Dementia
- 11. Depression Impacting an estimated 300million people, depression is the most-common mental disorder and generally affects women more often than men. It is often characterized by loss of interest or pleasure, general sadness, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, difficulty falling asleep, eating pattern changes Depression doesn’t just arise as a result of “too much” or “too few” brain chemicals, specifically serotonin, as it is often depicted. Rather, several forces such as genetics, life events, medical problems and medications can bring the illness on.
- 12. Anxiety Anxiety disorder develop from a multitude of factors, including genetics, brain chemistry and life events, and while it is a highly treatable illness, only 36.9 percent of those who live with anxiety actually seek out treatment, and ultimately, access it. It is not uncommon for a person experiencing depression to also have anxiety (and vice versa), a disorder that affects 40 million adult
- 13. Bipolar Affective Disorder Depressive episodes are often characterized by feelings of extreme sadness, hopelessness, little energy, and trouble sleeping. While the cause of bipolar is not entirely known, a mixture of genetic, neurochemical and environmental factors can play a role in the progression of the illness. this illness impacts approximately 60 million people worldwide.
- 14. Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses Psychoses, including schizophrenia, is a severe mental illness impacting about 23 million people worldwide It is characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, emotions, sense of self, and behaviour. Those who have these illnesses can experience hallucinations delusions starting in late adolescence or early adulthood, making it difficult for people to work, study, or interact socially
- 15. Dementia Dementia is generally chronic or progressive in nature and entails a deterioration of cognitive function beyond normal aging. impacting about 50 million people across the globe. From memory, orientation and thinking, to comprehension, calculation, and language, the decline in cognitive function is generally met with deterioration in emotional and social control Dementia is caused by a variety of diseases that impact the brain, and there is currently no cure available.
- 16. Treatment of mental disorders Treatment means all the different ways in which someone with a mental illness can get help to minimise the effects of the illness and promote recovery. It can involve: Psychological therapy Medication Community support programs
- 17. Psychological therapy: A doctor, psychologist or other health professional talks with the person about their symptoms and concerns, and discusses new ways of thinking about and managing them.
- 18. Medication Some people are helped by taking medication for a while; others may need it on an ongoing basis. The doctor should explain the benefits and possible side-effects of medication before it is prescribed. Medical research shows that many mental illnesses are associated with changes in our brain chemistry. Medications help the brain to restore its usual chemical balance, so that the symptoms are reduced or even eliminated.
- 19. Community support programs Support programs are especially important for people with recurrent symptoms or who have a psychiatric disability. This support may include information, accommodation, help with finding suitable work, training and education, psychosocial rehabilitation and mutual support groups. Understanding and acceptance by the community is also very important.
- 20. The End