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What is mental health?
Mental health is a state of mental well-being that enables people to cope with the
stresses of life, realize their abilities, learn well and work well, and contribute to their
community. It is an integral component of health and well-being that underpins our
individual and collective abilities to make decisions, build relationships and shape
the world we live in. Mental health is a basic human right. And it is crucial to
personal, community and socio-economic development.
Mental health is more than the absence of mental disorders. It exists on a complex
continuum, which is experienced differently from one person to the next, with
varying degrees of difficulty and distress and potentially very different social and
clinical outcomes.
Mental health conditions include mental disorders and psychosocial disabilities as
well as other mental states associated with significant distress, impairment in
functioning, or risk of self-harm. People with mental health conditions are more
likely to experience lower levels of mental well-being, but this is not always or
necessarily the case.
● Eating disorders- Eating disorders are about more than an individual’s relationship with food. They’re complex mental
disorders that often require intervention from medical and psychological experts.Mental health disorder is A wide range of
conditions that affect mood, thinking, and behavior. There are many types of mental health disorder but the top five are:
● Anxiety Disorders- The most common category of mental health disorders in America impacts approximately 40 million
adults 18 and older. Anxiety disorders cause people to experience distressing and frequent fear and apprehension.
● Mood Disorders- An estimated 1 in 10 adults suffers from some type of mood disorder. While it’s normal to experience
mood swings from time to time, people with mood disorders live with more persistent and severe symptoms that can
disrupt their daily lives.
● Psychotic Disorders- Those suffering from psychotic disorders may be unable to know what’s real and what’s not. This
group of mental disorders changes an individual’s sense of reality.
● Dementia- Although mistakenly thought to be a single disorder, dementia is a term that covers a wide range of specific
mental conditions. While this category includes a host of conditions, Alzheimer’s disease accounts for 60 to 80% of
dementia cases.
Mental Health Disorder
Mental health disorder is A wide range of conditions that affect mood, thinking, and behavior. There are many types
of mental health disorder but the top five are:
Why is mental health important in NYC -
Mental health is extremely important in New York City (NYC) because the city
has a large and diverse population with a high prevalence of mental health
issues. The high population density, significant socioeconomic disparities,
and the stress and pressures of city life can all contribute to mental health
challenges. Additionally, NYC is home to many individuals who have
experienced significant trauma, such as survivors of the 9/11 attacks, which
can have lasting effects on mental health. Addressing mental health
concerns in NYC is therefore critical for promoting the well-being and
resilience of its residents and ensuring a healthy, functioning society.
why is mental health important in Jordan?
The World Health Organization (WHO) has determined Jordan’s mental health
system needs significant restructuring, estimating that more than 25% of
Jordanians experience mental health symptoms. Increased poverty rates due to
conflicts in neighboring countries impacting the social climate have affected
Jordan’s ability to cope with mental health in Jordan. Out of 100,000, only 305
Jordanians seek help for mental health symptoms, a problem needing a
resolution.
Epidemiological studies show refugees are more likely than the general
population to suffer from anxiety, PTSD, psychotic illnesses and major depression
So mental health is extremely important in Jordan for refugees and Jordan
population
the comparison of mental
health in Jordan and and nyc
In Jordan and New York City, many people suffer from mental
health problems, but because of the stigma and culture of
society, there is a fear of receiving treatment, and others
consider it important to receive treatment because of its
importance so that it is not an obstacle in a person's life.
Every year, more than 1 in 5 New Yorkers has symptoms of
a mental disorder. Moreover, in any given year, 1 in 10 adults
and children experience mental health challenges serious
enough to affect functioning at work, family and school life,
where in Jordan, about 1.75 million people suffer from mental
illnesses, which equals to about 20% of the population.
stigma definition
Stigma is a negative and often unfair perception or prejudice towards a certain
individual or group of people, often resulting in social rejection, discrimination,
and marginalization. Stigmas can be based on various traits or characteristics
such as race, sexuality, mental illness, physical disability, or religion, among
others. It can have devastating implications on the affected individuals' mental
wellness, self-esteem, and ability to access various social and economic
opportunities.
stigma and stereotypes
Stigma and stereotypes are related concepts, but they have distinct meanings. Stereotypes are
generalizations or assumptions about a group of people that are often exaggerated or
oversimplified, and they can be positive or negative. For example, the stereotype that Asians
are good at math is a positive stereotype, while the stereotype that women are emotional and
irrational is a negative stereotype.
On the other hand, stigma is a negative and often unjust perception or prejudice towards a
certain individual or group of people. Stigma results in social rejection, discrimination, and
marginalization of the affected individuals. It can be based on a wide range of characteristics
including ethnicity, mental illness, physical disability, weight, and addiction, among others.
While stereotypes can contribute to stigma, they are not the same thing. Stereotypes can be
positive or negative, but stigma is always negative and harmful. Stereotypes can be challenged
and changed with education and exposure to diverse individuals and experiences, while stigma
requires more comprehensive societal and systemic changes to dismantle.
Why do stigma exist -
Stigma often exists due to a lack of understanding or knowledge about a
particular issue, such as mental illness. It can also stem from societal
norms and stereotypes, fear of the unknown, and experiences or
interactions with individuals who have a mental illness or who may be
perceived as different from oneself. Additionally, historically, individuals
with mental illness were often institutionalized and subjected to abuse or
neglect, leading to further negative public perceptions and stigma. While
advancements have been made in modern times to improve mental
health care and reduce stigma, there is still work to be done in combating
outdated attitudes and beliefs.
negative effects of stigma on mental health
A person who is stigmatised may be treated differently and excluded from many things the rest of society takes for granted, leaving them
marginalised.
They may become labelled by their illness, and so become vulnerable to prejudice and discrimination.
Dealing with the effects of prejudice and discrimination is distressing and can exacerbate mental illness. Many people say dealing with this is harder
than dealing with mental illness itself.
People with mental illness may also take on board the prejudiced views held by others, which can affect their self-esteem. They may feel ashamed or
embarrassed. This can lead them to not seek treatment, to withdraw from society, to alcohol and drug abuse or even to suicide.
Stigma can lead people with mental illness to be discriminated against and miss out on work or housing, be bullied, excluded from social groups, or
become a victim of violence.
How do we destigmatize mental health -
1. Normalize the conversation: Start by talking openly about mental health. This can help people
feel less alone and encourage more people to seek help.
2. Educate yourself and others: Learn about mental health and share accurate information with
others. Help people understand that mental illness is a real and treatable condition, just like
physical illnesses.
3. Challenge stereotypes: Challenge negative stereotypes and misinformation about mental
health when you see them. Make sure you're not spreading stigma in your own words or actions.
4. Lead by example: If you feel comfortable doing so, share your own experiences with mental
health to help others feel more comfortable seeking help.
5. Support mental health organizations: Support mental health organizations and advocacy
groups that work to reduce stigma and improve access to care.
6. Advocate for policy change: Advocate for policies and laws that support individuals with
mental health conditions and reduce stigma, such as improved access to mental health care
and better insurance coverage for treatment.
easy way you can reduce stigma
Everyone can help reduce stigma about mental illness.
When negative stereotypes come up in conversation or in the media, you can
actively dispel myths and educate people against harmful, inaccurate
stereotyping.
Be mindful about the words you use when describing yourself or others, avoiding
insensitive and hurtful words, and words which define a person by their condition.
Speak up when you hear people make inappropriate comments about mental
illness. People living with mental illness should be respected and accepted just
like everyone else
Social Media
In today’s world, many of us rely on social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat,
YouTube, Instagram and now TikTok to find and connect with each other. While each has its benefits, it’s
important to remember that social media can never be a replacement for real-world human connection. It
requires in-person contact with others to trigger the hormones that alleviate stress and make you feel
happier, healthier, and more positive. Ironically for a technology that’s designed to bring people closer
together, spending too much time engaging with social media can actually make you feel more lonely and
isolated and exacerbate mental health problems such as anxiety and depression. However, social media
can bring both pros and cons into people’s lives. Multiple studies have found a strong link between
heavy social media and an increased risk for depression, anxiety, loneliness, self-harm, and even suicidal
thoughts. Social media may promote negative experiences such as: Inadequacy about your life or
appearance.
advocacy and problem solving
As we know, there are many challenges facing mental health in Jordan and New York City, which must be solved and
psychological treatment provided to those in need without obstacles or feelings of shame in terms of psychological
treatment. It is to educate the community about the importance of mental health and the signs of mental illness and
how to deal with it by creating an advertising campaign about its importance in schools, universities, private and
governmental institutions, and ways to receive treatment through giving lectures periodically and taking advantage of
social media and television channels, which are considered one of the most important modern methods of
communication between members of society and between other societies that differ in their cultures and ideas. We
should not forget that specializations related to the study of mental health are provided in universities to supply the
labor market with people who are able and qualified to provide mental health services in society, and that
governments cooperate by creating a suitable environment for the establishment of mental health clinics. And to
take into account the different cultures among the members of society and that it is not a shame to receive
psychological treatment and to correct the common mistakes about mental illness represented by fear and isolation
from society because of the disease, by presenting examples of success stories of people who suffered from
diseases and were treated without any problems to encourage them to received treatment. It is necessary to focus
on the relationship of family members with each other, the correct methods of education, and campaigns to visit
homes and families to introduce them to mental health and provide them with places and methods for providing the
necessary psychological services.
References
Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation. Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx), (https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/,
accessed 14 May 2022).
Mental Health and COVID-19: Early evidence of the pandemic’s impact. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2022.
Charlson, F., van Ommeren, M., Flaxman, A., Cornett, J., Whiteford, H., & Saxena, S. New WHO prevalence estimates of
mental disorders in conflict settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2019;394,240–248.
Laursen TM, Nordentoft M, Mortensen PB. Excess early mortality in schizophrenia. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology,
2014;10,425-438.
Mental health atlas 2020. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021
Moitra M, Santomauro D, Collins PY, Vos T, Whiteford H, Saxena S, et al. The global gap in treatment coverage for major
depressive disorder in 84 countries from 2000–2019: a systematic review and Bayesian meta-regression analysis. PLoS
Med. 2022;19(2):e1003901. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003901.

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Solution for stigma in Jordan and New York City

  • 1. What is mental health? Mental health is a state of mental well-being that enables people to cope with the stresses of life, realize their abilities, learn well and work well, and contribute to their community. It is an integral component of health and well-being that underpins our individual and collective abilities to make decisions, build relationships and shape the world we live in. Mental health is a basic human right. And it is crucial to personal, community and socio-economic development. Mental health is more than the absence of mental disorders. It exists on a complex continuum, which is experienced differently from one person to the next, with varying degrees of difficulty and distress and potentially very different social and clinical outcomes. Mental health conditions include mental disorders and psychosocial disabilities as well as other mental states associated with significant distress, impairment in functioning, or risk of self-harm. People with mental health conditions are more likely to experience lower levels of mental well-being, but this is not always or necessarily the case.
  • 2. ● Eating disorders- Eating disorders are about more than an individual’s relationship with food. They’re complex mental disorders that often require intervention from medical and psychological experts.Mental health disorder is A wide range of conditions that affect mood, thinking, and behavior. There are many types of mental health disorder but the top five are: ● Anxiety Disorders- The most common category of mental health disorders in America impacts approximately 40 million adults 18 and older. Anxiety disorders cause people to experience distressing and frequent fear and apprehension. ● Mood Disorders- An estimated 1 in 10 adults suffers from some type of mood disorder. While it’s normal to experience mood swings from time to time, people with mood disorders live with more persistent and severe symptoms that can disrupt their daily lives. ● Psychotic Disorders- Those suffering from psychotic disorders may be unable to know what’s real and what’s not. This group of mental disorders changes an individual’s sense of reality. ● Dementia- Although mistakenly thought to be a single disorder, dementia is a term that covers a wide range of specific mental conditions. While this category includes a host of conditions, Alzheimer’s disease accounts for 60 to 80% of dementia cases. Mental Health Disorder Mental health disorder is A wide range of conditions that affect mood, thinking, and behavior. There are many types of mental health disorder but the top five are:
  • 3. Why is mental health important in NYC - Mental health is extremely important in New York City (NYC) because the city has a large and diverse population with a high prevalence of mental health issues. The high population density, significant socioeconomic disparities, and the stress and pressures of city life can all contribute to mental health challenges. Additionally, NYC is home to many individuals who have experienced significant trauma, such as survivors of the 9/11 attacks, which can have lasting effects on mental health. Addressing mental health concerns in NYC is therefore critical for promoting the well-being and resilience of its residents and ensuring a healthy, functioning society.
  • 4. why is mental health important in Jordan? The World Health Organization (WHO) has determined Jordan’s mental health system needs significant restructuring, estimating that more than 25% of Jordanians experience mental health symptoms. Increased poverty rates due to conflicts in neighboring countries impacting the social climate have affected Jordan’s ability to cope with mental health in Jordan. Out of 100,000, only 305 Jordanians seek help for mental health symptoms, a problem needing a resolution. Epidemiological studies show refugees are more likely than the general population to suffer from anxiety, PTSD, psychotic illnesses and major depression So mental health is extremely important in Jordan for refugees and Jordan population
  • 5. the comparison of mental health in Jordan and and nyc In Jordan and New York City, many people suffer from mental health problems, but because of the stigma and culture of society, there is a fear of receiving treatment, and others consider it important to receive treatment because of its importance so that it is not an obstacle in a person's life. Every year, more than 1 in 5 New Yorkers has symptoms of a mental disorder. Moreover, in any given year, 1 in 10 adults and children experience mental health challenges serious enough to affect functioning at work, family and school life, where in Jordan, about 1.75 million people suffer from mental illnesses, which equals to about 20% of the population.
  • 6. stigma definition Stigma is a negative and often unfair perception or prejudice towards a certain individual or group of people, often resulting in social rejection, discrimination, and marginalization. Stigmas can be based on various traits or characteristics such as race, sexuality, mental illness, physical disability, or religion, among others. It can have devastating implications on the affected individuals' mental wellness, self-esteem, and ability to access various social and economic opportunities.
  • 7. stigma and stereotypes Stigma and stereotypes are related concepts, but they have distinct meanings. Stereotypes are generalizations or assumptions about a group of people that are often exaggerated or oversimplified, and they can be positive or negative. For example, the stereotype that Asians are good at math is a positive stereotype, while the stereotype that women are emotional and irrational is a negative stereotype. On the other hand, stigma is a negative and often unjust perception or prejudice towards a certain individual or group of people. Stigma results in social rejection, discrimination, and marginalization of the affected individuals. It can be based on a wide range of characteristics including ethnicity, mental illness, physical disability, weight, and addiction, among others. While stereotypes can contribute to stigma, they are not the same thing. Stereotypes can be positive or negative, but stigma is always negative and harmful. Stereotypes can be challenged and changed with education and exposure to diverse individuals and experiences, while stigma requires more comprehensive societal and systemic changes to dismantle.
  • 8. Why do stigma exist - Stigma often exists due to a lack of understanding or knowledge about a particular issue, such as mental illness. It can also stem from societal norms and stereotypes, fear of the unknown, and experiences or interactions with individuals who have a mental illness or who may be perceived as different from oneself. Additionally, historically, individuals with mental illness were often institutionalized and subjected to abuse or neglect, leading to further negative public perceptions and stigma. While advancements have been made in modern times to improve mental health care and reduce stigma, there is still work to be done in combating outdated attitudes and beliefs.
  • 9. negative effects of stigma on mental health A person who is stigmatised may be treated differently and excluded from many things the rest of society takes for granted, leaving them marginalised. They may become labelled by their illness, and so become vulnerable to prejudice and discrimination. Dealing with the effects of prejudice and discrimination is distressing and can exacerbate mental illness. Many people say dealing with this is harder than dealing with mental illness itself. People with mental illness may also take on board the prejudiced views held by others, which can affect their self-esteem. They may feel ashamed or embarrassed. This can lead them to not seek treatment, to withdraw from society, to alcohol and drug abuse or even to suicide. Stigma can lead people with mental illness to be discriminated against and miss out on work or housing, be bullied, excluded from social groups, or become a victim of violence.
  • 10. How do we destigmatize mental health - 1. Normalize the conversation: Start by talking openly about mental health. This can help people feel less alone and encourage more people to seek help. 2. Educate yourself and others: Learn about mental health and share accurate information with others. Help people understand that mental illness is a real and treatable condition, just like physical illnesses. 3. Challenge stereotypes: Challenge negative stereotypes and misinformation about mental health when you see them. Make sure you're not spreading stigma in your own words or actions. 4. Lead by example: If you feel comfortable doing so, share your own experiences with mental health to help others feel more comfortable seeking help. 5. Support mental health organizations: Support mental health organizations and advocacy groups that work to reduce stigma and improve access to care. 6. Advocate for policy change: Advocate for policies and laws that support individuals with mental health conditions and reduce stigma, such as improved access to mental health care and better insurance coverage for treatment.
  • 11. easy way you can reduce stigma Everyone can help reduce stigma about mental illness. When negative stereotypes come up in conversation or in the media, you can actively dispel myths and educate people against harmful, inaccurate stereotyping. Be mindful about the words you use when describing yourself or others, avoiding insensitive and hurtful words, and words which define a person by their condition. Speak up when you hear people make inappropriate comments about mental illness. People living with mental illness should be respected and accepted just like everyone else
  • 12. Social Media In today’s world, many of us rely on social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat, YouTube, Instagram and now TikTok to find and connect with each other. While each has its benefits, it’s important to remember that social media can never be a replacement for real-world human connection. It requires in-person contact with others to trigger the hormones that alleviate stress and make you feel happier, healthier, and more positive. Ironically for a technology that’s designed to bring people closer together, spending too much time engaging with social media can actually make you feel more lonely and isolated and exacerbate mental health problems such as anxiety and depression. However, social media can bring both pros and cons into people’s lives. Multiple studies have found a strong link between heavy social media and an increased risk for depression, anxiety, loneliness, self-harm, and even suicidal thoughts. Social media may promote negative experiences such as: Inadequacy about your life or appearance.
  • 13. advocacy and problem solving As we know, there are many challenges facing mental health in Jordan and New York City, which must be solved and psychological treatment provided to those in need without obstacles or feelings of shame in terms of psychological treatment. It is to educate the community about the importance of mental health and the signs of mental illness and how to deal with it by creating an advertising campaign about its importance in schools, universities, private and governmental institutions, and ways to receive treatment through giving lectures periodically and taking advantage of social media and television channels, which are considered one of the most important modern methods of communication between members of society and between other societies that differ in their cultures and ideas. We should not forget that specializations related to the study of mental health are provided in universities to supply the labor market with people who are able and qualified to provide mental health services in society, and that governments cooperate by creating a suitable environment for the establishment of mental health clinics. And to take into account the different cultures among the members of society and that it is not a shame to receive psychological treatment and to correct the common mistakes about mental illness represented by fear and isolation from society because of the disease, by presenting examples of success stories of people who suffered from diseases and were treated without any problems to encourage them to received treatment. It is necessary to focus on the relationship of family members with each other, the correct methods of education, and campaigns to visit homes and families to introduce them to mental health and provide them with places and methods for providing the necessary psychological services.
  • 14. References Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation. Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx), (https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/, accessed 14 May 2022). Mental Health and COVID-19: Early evidence of the pandemic’s impact. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2022. Charlson, F., van Ommeren, M., Flaxman, A., Cornett, J., Whiteford, H., & Saxena, S. New WHO prevalence estimates of mental disorders in conflict settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2019;394,240–248. Laursen TM, Nordentoft M, Mortensen PB. Excess early mortality in schizophrenia. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 2014;10,425-438. Mental health atlas 2020. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021 Moitra M, Santomauro D, Collins PY, Vos T, Whiteford H, Saxena S, et al. The global gap in treatment coverage for major depressive disorder in 84 countries from 2000–2019: a systematic review and Bayesian meta-regression analysis. PLoS Med. 2022;19(2):e1003901. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003901.