A presentation on Malaria ayansh singh

1. A presentation
on Malaria
By – Ayansh Singh

2. What is
Malaria?
• Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a parasite,
Plasmodium, which infects red blood cells.· Malaria has
infected humans since the beginning of mankind.
• In 1889, R. Ross discovered that mosquitoes transmitted
malaria.
• Four common species that cause malaria:-
• Plasmodium falciparum
• Plasmodium vivax
• Plasmodium malariae
• Plasmodium ovale
• Most serious type is Plasmodium falciparum malaria. It
can be life - threatening. The other three common species
of malaria are generally less serious and are usually not
life-threatening

3. How is malaria spread?
Malaria is spread by female mosquitoes.
Parasite enters the bloodstream via the mosquito's saliva.
A pregnant woman can pass malaria onto her baby.
Having a blood transfusion.

4. Who is
affected by
malaria? Children and pregnant women are the
most affected.40% of people lives in
affected countries. Every year, 300 to
700 million people gets malaria and 1
million to 2 million die.

5. What are malaria symptoms and signs?
Blackwater
fever.
Pulmonary
edema.
Very low
blood sugar.
Hemolysis. Coagulopathy.

6. How soon do symptoms occur?
·The time between the
infective mosquito bite and
the development of malaria
symptoms can range from 12
to 30 days depending on the
type of Plasmodia involved.
One strain of Plasmodium,
called P. vivax, may have a
prolonged incubation period
of 8 to 10 months.
When infection occurs by
blood transfusion, the
incubation period depends
on the number of parasites
transferred but is usually less
than two months.

7. What is the treatment for malaria?
Three main factors determine treatments :-
• The infecting species of Plasmodium parasite
• The clinical situation of the patient
• The drug susceptibility of the infecting parasites
• Mild malaria can be treated with oral medication, severe
malaria requires intravenous drug treatment and fluids in
the hospital.

8. How to prevent
malaria.
• Control mosquitoes to conduct
a good vector control.
• Keep mosquitoes from biting.
• Wear long pants and shirts with
long sleeves.
• Use mosquito repellent and
mosquito net.

9. Thank you