Ch. 11 Sec. 1 China's Ming and Manchu dynasties
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The Chinese Ming Dynasty (1368-1644 AD) enjoyed a period of peace and prosperity under Taizu's rule. The Ming rebuilt portions of the Great Wall, constructed the Forbidden City in Beijing, and completed the Grand Canal for transporting grain. Zheng He led naval expeditions that extended Chinese influence into the Indian Ocean and possibly Iran. However, the Ming Dynasty later declined after inviting the Manchu people into China, who then took over and established the last Qing Dynasty, isolating China and causing it to fall behind technologically.
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Ch 11 sec 1
The Chinese called themselves the Middle Kingdom and thought they were the center of the world. The Ming Dynasty enjoyed peace and prosperity under Taizu's rule, though he was a harsh ruler. Chengzu sponsored many scholarly events and Ming craftsmen perfected porcelain production. Reconstruction projects rebuilt parts of the Great Wall and the Imperial City in Beijing, while the Grand Canal allowed for easy grain transport. Ming naval expeditions extended Chinese influence abroad led by admiral Zheng He, though asking the Manchu for help led to the Manchu taking over, forming the last Chinese dynasty that tried to isolate China from the West and fell behind.
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Chinese project
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Rebel armies attacked the capital of the Han Dynasty. These battles were separate from the main conflict between the Western Chu and Han armies. The war concluded in 202 BC with a total victory for the Han Dynasty, unifying China under Emperor Liu Bang and establishing the Han Dynasty.
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The document discusses the Terra Cotta Army built for Qin Shihuangdi, the first emperor of China. It describes how in 221 BC, King Zheng united China and took the name Qin Shihuangdi. During his rule, a massive mausoleum complex and an army of over 7,000 life-size terra cotta soldiers and horses was constructed, demonstrating his immense power and control over China. The terra cotta army remains one of the most significant archaeological finds in world history.
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Ch 11 sec 1
The Chinese called themselves the Middle Kingdom and thought they were the center of the world. The Ming Dynasty enjoyed peace and prosperity under Taizu's rule, though he was a harsh ruler. Chengzu sponsored many scholarly events and Ming craftsmen perfected porcelain production. Reconstruction projects rebuilt parts of the Great Wall and the Imperial City in Beijing, while the Grand Canal allowed for easy grain transport. Ming naval expeditions extended Chinese influence abroad led by admiral Zheng He, though asking the Manchu for help led to the Manchu taking over, forming the last Chinese dynasty that tried to isolate China from the West and fell behind.
Introductory slide show zheng he
The document summarizes the voyages of the 15th century Chinese admiral Zheng He, who led large fleets on diplomatic and trade missions throughout Asia and East Africa on behalf of the Ming Dynasty emperor. Over nearly 30 years, Zheng He's fleet of over 300 ships with 28,000 crew visited over 30 kingdoms to establish tributary relations, demonstrate Chinese power, promote trade, and spread the emperor's influence. Historians debate whether the goals were primarily peaceful diplomacy or a show of imperial dominance. The massive expeditions ended due to their huge costs outweighing the benefits for the Ming Dynasty.
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East asian world 1400 to 1800
1) Under Tokugawa rule from 1603-1868, Japan was unified and isolated from the West. The Tokugawa shoguns established a feudal system headed by the Shogun and 250 daimyos.
2) Economic and social changes occurred as trade flourished, cities grew, and a merchant class emerged. However, Japanese society remained highly stratified into the four main classes of warriors, peasants, artisans, and merchants.
3) During this period, Japanese literature, theater, architecture, and other cultural developments thrived even as the country remained largely isolated from Western influence.
Art of China
This document provides an overview of Chinese art history from prehistoric to modern times. It discusses the main cultural centers and influences in China including Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism. Key periods mentioned include the Shang Dynasty where bronze ritual vessels were produced, the Zhou Dynasty where jade carvings became important, the Qin Dynasty known for the Terracotta Army, and the Han Dynasty where the earliest stone bas-reliefs emerged. The document also provides a timeline of Chinese dynasties and selected artwork from different periods.
The Art of China
This document provides an overview of Chinese art history from prehistoric to modern times. It discusses the main cultural centers and influences in China including Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism. Key periods mentioned include the Shang Dynasty where bronze ritual vessels were produced, the Zhou Dynasty where jade carvings became important, the Qin Dynasty known for the Terracotta Army, and the Han Dynasty where the earliest stone bas-reliefs emerged. The document also provides a timeline of Chinese dynasties and selected artworks to illustrate the artistic traditions of each major period.
Ancient china qin dynasty, the great wall, mauseleum
The Qin Dynasty unified China for the first time and was led by the First Emperor, Qin Shi Huangdi, who ruled from 221 BCE to 210 BCE. He standardized weights and measures, currency, and Chinese characters. Qin Shi Huangdi also rejected Confucianism in favor of the authoritarian philosophy of Legalism and oversaw large-scale construction projects including linking existing walls to form the first Great Wall of China and building his massive mausoleum guarded by the famous Terracotta Army. However, the Qin Dynasty was short-lived and fell in 206 BCE after Qin Shi Huangdi's death, giving way to the longer-lasting Han Dynasty.
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Ancient china qin dynasty, the great wall, mauseleum
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Ch. 11 Sec. 1 China's Ming and Manchu dynasties
- 1. Chinese
- 2. • The Chinese called their land the Middle Kingdom or Central Nation • Did this because they thought they were the center of the world
- 3. Ming Dynasty • Enjoyed peace and prosperity under this dynasty • Founded by Taizu • He was very harsh
- 5. Chengzu • Sponsored many scholarly events
- 7. The Arts • Ming craftsmen perfected porcelain production
- 10. • Increased wealth provided the opportunity for increased literacy and expanded literature.
- 11. • Drama developed into long and complex plays
- 14. Reconstruction • Rebuilt broken portion of the Great Wall of China and added to it
- 17. • Built the Imperial City in what is now Beijing • Also called the Forbidden City
- 26. • Completed the Grand Canal • Could now easily transport grain to the capital
- 29. Exploration • Ming Dynasty sent out over 7 naval expeditions • They were to represent a renewed China and gain control over trade
- 30. Zheng He • The admiral of this navy • His goal was to enhance China’s reputation and bring countries into submission • Extended Chinese influence beyond the Indian Ocean and possibly into Iran
- 34. Decline • Asked the Manchu in to help the Ming defeat a group of rebels • They ended up taking over
- 35. MANCHU DYNASTY • The last dynasty of China • The Manchu tried to become Chinese instead of the other way around
- 37. • Manchu tried to keep China from having any contact with the West through trade • This caused them to fall behind in technology and military
- 38. Ch. 11 Sec. 1 Discussion Question 1. Why was the Chinese concept of the Middle Kingdom contrary to a biblical worldview? Reference Bible verses such as Genesis 1:26- 27; Acts 17:26; Daniel 4:17, 30-35; and 1 Cor. 4:7 and explain your answer.
Editor's Notes
- Called it Chung Kuo China has existed as the central nation and great power in Asia for 2000 years
- Came about by overthrowing the Mongols and the Yuan Dynasty (foreign rulers)
- Was an absolute ruler..harsh Demanded that his ministers kneel before him … before they could sit or stand Worked to manage every aspect of Chinese society including households Used a secret police to discover who opposed him…they would be public beaten and sometimes died
- Defeated the second emperor in a civil war (he was his uncle) Was also harsh Had a literary collection of over 2000 scholars
- Exported porcelain products on a massive scale and sold around the world Most people refer to porcelain as china
- Blue and white was produced for the royal family alone
- Enamel colors were added, and five-colored enamels became highly prized during 15th century
- Bookstores sold samples of examination that all students had to pass in order to gain government employment Novel and short stories became popular Oral stories were written down and sold
- Started about 700 BC (now we are in 1400s) More than 1100 miles long Various canals were dug and finally connected No longer needed an ocean navy to transport and protect food supplies to the capital
- Were to demonstrate Chinese superiority over countries along the Indian Ocean Also reduced the threat of pirates
- His army and crew numbered almost 30,000 Took gold, silver, porcelain, and silk to foreign rulers…brought back ostriches, camels and giraffes When the navy was reduced, piracy returned
- He and his fleet traveled more than 30,000 miles Zheng died on the 7th voyage and was buried at sea
- The Ming emperors became distracted with matters not related to governing China One emperor spend his life making furniture
- From 1644-1911 Allowed the Chinese to have a say in government Emperor still had absolute power
- Darker orange is Ming Dynasty Lighter orange is Manchu Dynasty