2. According Holmes, the
linguistic forms chosen by a
speaker is influenced by social
context in which he is talking.
It matters who he is talking to
(participants), where he is
talking (setting), what he is
talking about (topic), and why
he is talking (function of
interaction). As a result, the
same message may be
expressed differently to
different people.
3. CODE CHOICES
CODE SWITCHING(CS)
The term code switching
refers to the alternation between
two or more languages,
dialects, or language registers
in the course of discourse
between people who have more
than one language in common.
4. Code-mixing: is the use of
elements from two languages
in the same utterance or in
the same stretch of
conversation.
Code-mixing
5. Diglossia
A situation in
which two
languages (or two
varieties of the
same language)
are used under
different
conditions within a
community, often
6. Janet Holmes defines diglossia
as having three crucial features:
1. In the same language, used in
the same community, there are
two distinct varieties. One is
regarded as high (H) and the
other low (L).
2. Each is used for distinct
functions.
3. No one uses the high (H) in
everyday conversation.
7. What is bilingualism?
•
(Haugen, 1968).
Bilingualism is two
languages that are used
by a person
interchangeably in
associating with other
people.
8. What is Multilingualism?
Multilingual is the ability of
people to communicate
effectively in three or more
languages. It is includes
individuals who use one
language at home and
another outside home,
another at the particular
situation, and so on.
9. -Registers are varieties of language
used in different situations, which are
identified by the degrees of formality.
-Language style is defined as the
choice of words used by a specific group
of people when they speak.
An example of language style is the
words, jargon and abbreviations which
are used by the doctor.
Style and register
10. Jargon refers to the language
and technical terms used by
people of the same profession
or group.
Jargon vs slang
11. Slang
Newly crafted words or
the use of existing words
used in a different way to
show different meaning.
Usually generational.
12. formal sentences slang sentences
Yes. Yep.
That was unusual. That was
random.
Our team needs to play Our team needs to take
care
our best tonight. of business tonight.
Editor's Notes
In multilingual communities, more than one language is used. It means that people living in this situation may speak more than one language. When interacting with others, they can choose a code or a variety which is appropriate with participants, topic and location.
code-switching is the use of more than one linguistic variety in a manner consistent with the syntax and phonology of each variety.
Code-switching is completely from one language to another from one sentence to another.
Code-mixing is the mixing of two or more languages or language varieties in speech.
Using two languages in the same utterance (or sentence).
In the following example it is easy to tell which variety you will use given the social situations:
bilingualism is a person's ability to master two languages equally well, like a native speaker. So, people who are bilingualism must be masters of both languages they use, if people who are bilingual only understand the language but cannot use it, then that person is not categorized as bilingualism.
Multilingualism is related to the person who speaks many languages.
A register is a variety of language used for a . particular purpose or in a particular communicative situation.
A register means adapt your language to specific contexts or audiences while the style is the way in which you use the language.
F1..Slang and Jargon together are parts of a colloquial vocabulary of English language. They both are very confusing processes in everyday vocabulary usage.
S2.. Jargon is the specific terminology used to support our interests and occupations.
T3..Many professions use words or phrases that an average person would not know the meaning of.
Ex.. Doctors and nurses use many phrases when talking to each other that an average person would not understand.
1--Slang is informal words used in casual conversation.
Here are some examples of how we can turn from formal sentences into slang sentences….