This document provides an overview of key terminology and concepts related to building planning and drawing, as well as building byelaws and regulations in India. It defines terms like building, building height, building line, permit, setback line, street, sanctioned plan, and others. It also discusses classification of buildings based on occupancy and construction type. The document outlines objectives and principles of building byelaws, including ensuring safety, orderly growth, and minimum standards. It provides examples of open space and floor area ratio requirements. Various forms related to obtaining permits are also referenced.
7. Terminology – Permit
A permission or authorization in
writing by the authority to carry
out work regulated by the code is
known as the permit.
8. Terminology – Set back line
The distance from
the curb or other
established line
within which no
buildings may be
erected
9. Terminology – Street
What
A road's main
function is
transportation,
while streets
facilitate public
interaction
10. Terminology–Sanctioned Plan
It is a set of drawings, plan
and specifications submitted
under the code and duly
approved and sanctioned by
the authority.
11. Terminology – Street Level
It is the officially established
elevation or grade of the centre
line of the street upon which the
plot fronts. If there is no
officially established grade the
existing grade of the street, its
mid point is taken as the street
level or grade.
19. Terminology - Exit
It is a means of escape from
any building, to a street or
other open space.
20. Terminology - Plinth Area
Plinth - Portion of a building between the
surface of the surrounding ground level
and the finished floor surface immediately
above the ground.
Plinth Area - Built-up covered area
measured at the floor level of the
basement or of any storey, including the
walls.
21. Terminology - Open space
It is an area forming an
integral part of the plot, left
open to the sky is known as
open space
22. Terminology - Floor area
Usable covered area of a building
at any floor level.
Floor area gross
Floor area net
23. Floor area ratio - FAR
Ratio of the total floor area of buildings
on a certain location to the size of the
land of that location
FAR= Total covered area of the
floor*100
Plot area
24. Contd…
Fixed by local authority, changes
with location and building types.
check the density of population
Why to limit FAR
25. Aspects to be considered to specify
FAR
Occupancy Class
Type of construction
Width of street forming the
building and traffic load
Locality where the particular
building is proposed
Density of population in that
locality
Parking facilities
26. For Example – Jammu
• http://www.jdajammu.in/building_bye_laws3.htm
27. Objectives of building byelaws
• Guide lines to the architects or engineers
• Orderly growth and prevent haphazard
development.
• safety against fire, noise, health hazard
and structural failure
28. Principles underlying building
byelaws
• Building with unit as a family and mention the
requirements.
• Rooms –According to use and specify minimum
standards w.r.t
– Size
– height
– floor area
– ventilation
– light
• Height of compound wall and location of compound wall
gates
• Controlling the height of structures and laying maximum
limit of height in certain zones
• Controlling projections in marginal spaces
29. Principles underlying building
byelaws
• FSI or FAR
• Drainage and water supply
• Making compulsory the appointment of an
architect or engineer for works of specified
nature and magnitude
• Materials and workmanship as per standard
specifications for the construction of buildings
• Light plane, set backs and marginal spaces
• Minimum size of plots, their dimensions and
frontages
31. Classification - Based on Occupancy
• Group A – Residential
• Group B – Educational
• Group C – Institutional
• Group D – Assembly
• Group E – Business
• Group F – Mercantile
• Group G – Industrial
• Group H – Storage
• Group I – Hazardous
32. Group A – Residential Buildings
Residential
Purpose
Apartments,
Dormitories,
Hotels etc
33. Group B – Educational Buildings
Building used
for school
and college
34. Group C – Institutional Buildings
• Hospitals, sanitaria,
homes for aged,
orphanages, jails,
prisons, mental
hospitals and
reformatories.
35. Group D – Assembly Buildings
• Amusement, recreation,
social, religious, patriotic,
civil, travel and similar
purposes.
• Theatres, motion picture
houses, assembly halls,
auditoria, exhibition halls,
museums, places of
worship, dance halls, club
rooms etc.
36. Group E – Business Buildings
• Used for transaction
of business
37. Group F – Industrial Buildings
• Where products or
materials of all kinds
and properties are
fabricated, assembled
or processes.
• Assembly plants,
laboratories, power
plants, dry cleaning
plants, refineries etc
38. Group G – Storage Buildings
• Used primarily for
storage or sheltering
of goods, wares,
merchandise
• Cold storage, ware
houses, freight
depots, transit sheds,
store houses etc
39. Group H– Hazardous Buildings
• Used for
storage,
handling and
manufacturing
of highly
combustible or
explosive
materials.
40. Classification - Based on type of
construction
4 hour fire resistance
3 hour fire resistance
2 hour fire resistance
1 hour fire resistance
41. Open space requirements
• Lighting and Ventilation requirements.
• Front yard: every building fronting a street
should have front yard. Minimum width of front
yard has to be 3m but should never be less than
1.8m.
• Rear yard: every building should have rear yard.
The average is 3 m and should never be less
than 1.8m.
• Side open space: for permanent open air space,
should not be less than 3 m.
42. Height of Buildings
• Max Height !> 1.5 * Width of road
• Max Height is fixed by Civil Aviation
Authorities