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Glass manufacturing and types
- 1. Arshad Surti GLASS Manufacturing AndTypes Presented By : Arshad Surti B.Sc. Industrial Chemistry
- 2. Arshad Surti Content • Manufacturing of Glass • Types of furnace • Working of Molten glass • Annealing • Finishing • Types of glass
- 3. Arshad Surti Manufacture of Glass Melting Working on molten glass Annealing Finishing
- 4. Arshad Surti Melting Batch Cullet Furnace
- 5. Arshad Surti Types of furnace Pot furnace
- 6. Arshad Surti Continue… • Tank Furnace
- 8. Arshad Surti Working on molten glass • Molten glass is then worked into articles of decide shapes by blowing, molding are by pressing between the rollers
- 9. Arshad Surti Annealing • Annealing means cool down the glass by slow and steady process • Glass will broken when cooled suddenly, so it will be gradually cooled to normal temperature • After this process we get a fine smooth glass plate
- 10. Arshad Surti Finishing Cleaning and cutting
- 11. Arshad Surti Types of Glass Soda-lime or Soft glass Lead glass or Flint glass Potash lime or Hard glass Borosilicate glass Aluminosilicate glass Optical or Crookes glass Quartz glass Opal glass Glass wool
- 12. Arshad Surti Soda-lime or Soft Glass Raw Materials •Silica •Calcium carbonate •Soda ash Composition is Na2Co3.CaO.6Sio2 • Sio2 - 71-73 % • Na2O – 12-14% • CaO - 10-12%
- 13. Arshad Surti Continue… Properties • Low Cost • Resistant to water but not to acid • They can melt easily and hence can be hot worked easily Usage
- 14. Arshad Surti Lead Glass or Flint glass Raw Material • Lead oxide • Silica • Potassium oxide For dense optical glasses, 80% of PbO is incorporated. In addition, K20 is used, instead of sodium oxide.
- 15. Arshad Surti Continue…. Properties • Expensive • Much easier to shape and work • Lower softening temperature • High refractive-index • Excellent electric properties • it is bright, lustrous and possesses high specific gravity Composition K2O.PbO.6SiO2 • K2O - 10% • PbO - 45-65 % • SiO2 - 25-45 %
- 17. Arshad Surti Potashlime or Hard glass Raw Material • Silica • Calcium Carbonate • Potassium Carbonate Composition • K2O.CaO.6SiO2
- 19. Arshad Surti Borosilicate Glass Raw Material • Silica • Boron • Potassium • Sodium oxide Component SiO2 B2O3 AL2O3 K2O NA2O percentage 80.5 13 3 3 0.5
- 20. Arshad Surti Continue… Properties • Low thermal coefficient of expansion • High chemical resistant • Very high softening points and excellent resistivity
- 22. Arshad Surti Alumino Silicate Glass Raw Material • Silicone oxide • Aluminum oxide • Boron oxide • Magnesium oxide • Calcium oxide • Sodium oxide • Potassium oxide
- 23. Arshad Surti Continue… Composition Addition of Alumina make this glass heat resistance SiO2 Al2O3 B2O3 MgO CaO Na2O + K2O 55 23 7 9 5 1 Usage
- 24. Arshad Surti Optical or Crookes Glass Raw Material • Phosphorous • Lead silicate • Cerium oxide Properties • Low melting points • Soft • Chemical resistance • Less durability • Cirium oxide is capable of absorbing UV light
- 26. Arshad Surti Quartz glass Raw material • Crystalline silica fused at 1900* C under vacuum Properties • Outstanding resistance to thermal shock and chemical Usage
- 27. Arshad Surti Opal Glass NaF CaF2 Ca3(PO4)2 SnO2
- 28. Arshad Surti Continue… Properties • Translucent white or Milky glass • Transparent when liquid • Opaque when cooled
- 29. Arshad Surti Glass wool • Glass wool is a fibrous wool like material • Which is composed to intermingle fine threads or filament glass, they are alkali free Properties • Non-combustible and fireproof • Electrical conductivity is low • Does not absorb moisture • Tensile strength is about 8x then steel
- 30. Arshad Surti Usage • Oven, insulation of metal pipelines, motors, vacuum cleaners, walls and roofs of house • In filtration of acid and acidic solutions • Electric insulation • Sound Insulation • Air filter as dust filtering materials • Manufacturing of fiber glass