summer training at 400/220kv substation power grid Muzaffarpur

1. A Summer
Training
Presentation on
400/220kv
substation
School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Lovely Professional University, Punjab
By:-
Anurag Savarn
Reg No:-11504716

2. Introduction of Substation
 It is situated in Kafen, Muzaffarpur
and is 50km away from Patna,
capital of Bihar
 It was inaugurated on 26 august
2006, and has a total
transformation capacity of 1115
MVA
 It has been constructed by PGCIL,
as a part of east-north
interconnector
 Breaker and a half scheme has
been used in 400kv switchyard
while 220kv switchyard has double
main and Transfer Bus scheme

3. Associated transmission Lines
 400kv Purnea-Muzaffarpur Line (Double circuit, 239kms)
 400kv Gorakhpur-Muzaffarpur Line (Double circuit,
261kms)
 400kv Biharsarif-Muzaffarpur Line (Double circuit, 131kms)
 400kv Darbhanga-Muzaffarpur Line (Double circuit, 64kms)
 220kv kanti MTPS-Muzaffarpur Line (Double circuit,
24kms)
 220kv Hazipur-Muzaffarpur Line (Double circuit, 55kms)
 220kv Dhalkebar-Muzaffarpur Line (Double circuit,
128kms)

4. Equipments used in Substation
 Busbar
 Lightning Arrestors
 Capacitive Voltage Transformer
 Circuit Breaker
 Isolators
 Current Transformers
 Wave Trap
 Interconnected Transformers
 Shunt Reactor

5. Busbars
 It is a thick stripe of
copper or aluminium that
conducts electricity
within a switch board or
substation
 In Muzaffarpur substation
flexible ACSR bus is used
with Quad conductors
 Rated voltage= 400kv
 Rated current=3150A

6. Lightning Arrestor
 It is used to ground the high
voltages surges falling on line
due to lightning
 Core of LA is made of ZnO2,
which acts as Non linear
resistance
 ZnO2 offers high resistance
during normal conditions and
Low resistance during high
surge voltages
 A ring type structure is
provided on top to reduce
corona effect

7. Capacitive voltage Transformer
 It is used to step down
extra high voltages to low
values for metering and
protection purposes
 It has 3 secondary cores in
which two are used for
protection and one is used
for metering
 It is always connected in
parallel

8. Circuit Breakers
 It is an automatically
operated electrical switch
designed to protect an
electric circuit from
damage caused by short
circuit or overload
 SF6 circuit breakers are
widely used in substations
these days because of its
excellent arc
extinguishing ability

9. Isolators
 It is a switch used to
completely de-energize an
electrical circuit
 It operates under no load
conditions
 It provides isolation of
apparatus such as circuit
breakers, transformers
and transmission lines
during maintenance

10. Current Transformers
 It is used for protection
and metering
 It has primary coil of one
or more turns of thick
wire connected in series
with the line whose
current is to be measured
 Secondary consists of
large number of turns of
fine wires and is
connected across
ammeter terminals

11. Wave Trap
 A wave trap is used on those
transmission lines which are
equipped with PLCC (Power
Line Carrier Communication).
 As the communication signal
frequency is much different
from line frequency, it is quite
necessary to separate the
power signal and
communication signal.
 This task is performed by a
wave trap which simply consists
of L-C series and parallel
filters.

12. Interconnected transformers
 It is the costliest equipment of
substations
 It is used to step up or step down
voltages in substations without
change in frequency
 In Muzaffarpur substation two
transformers of 315MVA and one
transformer of 500MVA is used
 Secondary winding provides 220kV
voltages
 There is tertiary winding also
which provides 33kv and can be
used as auxiliary power purpose

13. Shunt Reactor
 It is a thyristor controlled
high impedance
transformer
 It is used to absorb excess
of reactive power in
transmission line
 It compensates the
capacitive VAR generated
in line

14. Control Room
 The control room has various control panels which shows
the information like incoming power, outgoing power,
frequency, time common to all substations, status of
various lines (healthy, faulted, under outage or
maintenance), status of various protective instruments
like isolators, circuit breakers; temperatures of various
instruments, working tap of transformers etc.

15. Control panels in a control room

16. Relay Room
 It has Relay Panels for protection purposes
 The protection system is so fast that it can
detect a fault within 30 ms and hence the
circuit breaker can be operated within as
less as 80 ms.
 All relays used here are numerical and are
either from Siemens OR ABB .

17. Relay panels

18. Conclusion
 During these four weeks of work there I
developed my team work, analytical thinking
and various important information about
electric power system. The main objective of
this whole training program is to provide an
opportunity to identify, observe and practice
how engineering is applicable in the real
industry.